药学英语-中药药剂复习资料ppt课件.ppt

Glossary 1 Introduction PharmaceuticalScienceofChineseMedicinePharmaceuticsofChineseMaterialMedicaPharmaceuticsofChineseMedicinePharmaceuticalScienceofTCM 中药药剂学 Pharmaceuticsconvertsadrugintoamedicine drug pharmacologicallyactiveingredientinamedicine Interactwithatargetinthebodyandexhibitsdesirablepharmacology alternativesof drug medicinalagent pharmacologicalagent activeprinciple activeingredient activepharmaceuticalingredient API Adosageformisthephysicalformofadrugthatispresentedtothepatient Anexcipientisgenerallyapharmacologicallyinactivesubstancesusedasacarrierfortheactiveingredientsofamedication Anycomponentofadosageform otherthanthedrugsubstance isanexcipient Theexcipientsarepharmacologicallyinactivebutcanhaveasignificantimpactontheperformanceofmedication Pharmaceutics f m sju t ks n 药剂学Dosageform d s d f m 剂型Biopharmaceutical bai u f m sju tik l adj 生物药剂学的Routesofdrugadministration给药途径 Excipients ek s p nt n 辅料 赋形剂Additives d t v n 辅料 附加剂Formulation f mj le n n 处方 Parenteral p rent r l adj 肠胃外的 注射的Gastrointestinaltract胃肠道Absorptionrate吸收率 Glossary 2 Dispensingthechinesemateriamedica prescription OfficialprescriptionAgreedprescriptionPhysician sprescription Prescription onlymedicinesNon prescriptionmedicines overthecounter Glossary 3Sterilizationandpreservative Techniquesofsterilizationrefertothecompletedestructionofalllivingorganismsandtheirsporesortheircompleteremovalfromthepreparation Sterilizationcanbeachievedbyphysical chemicalandothermeans Glossary 4Comminution sieving mixing Comminution k m nj n 粉碎 DrycomminutionWetcomminutionCryogeniccomminution kra d en k Ultra finecomminution Sieving过筛 Glossary 5Thepreparationsofextractions Decoctions d k k n 汤剂mixtureandoralliquid中药合剂与口服液剂syrups糖浆剂simplesyrups单糖浆decoctingpaste concentrateddecoctions煎膏剂 膏滋 medicinalwineandtincture药酒与酊剂LiquidextractsandExtracts流浸膏剂与浸膏剂 Glossary 6 Liquidpreparations Homogeneous h m d n s adj 均相的Pharmacopoeia f rm k pi n 药典Bacteriostaticwater抑菌水Distillationn 蒸馏 Efficacy ef k s n 药效Antioxidantsn 抗氧化剂Solubilisaten 增溶质Colloid k l d n 胶体Coarsedispersion粗分散系 Non aqueoussolvents非水溶剂Elixirs l ks n 酏剂Spirits sp r t n 醑剂Tinctures t k t n 酊剂Isotonic a s t n k adj 等渗的Preservatives pr z v t v n 防腐剂Microorganisms ma kr g n z m n 微生物shelf lifen 保质期Clarity kl r t n 澄明度 Sediment sed m nt n 沉降Sedimentationrate沉降速率Floccules fl kju l n 絮凝物 Flocculation fl kju lei n n 絮凝Deflocculatedsystems反絮凝体系Aggregates gr g t n 聚集体Bioavailability ba o vel b l ti n 生物利用度 Sweeteners swi t n n 甜味剂Stabilizers ste b la z n 稳定剂Suspendingagents助悬剂Emulsifer m ls fa n 乳化剂Emulsification m ls f ke n n 乳化Creamingn 乳状液分层Rheology r l d n 流变学 hydrophile lipophilebalance HLB 亲水亲油平衡值Phaseinversion转相Homogenizers h m d na z n 均质机 Coalescencen 合并Microbialcontamination微生物污染 Glossary 7 Solidpreparations Powders paud z n 散剂Granules gr nju ls n 颗粒剂Granulation gr nj le n n 制粒Tablet t bl t n 片剂 Drygranulation干法制粒Wetgranulation湿法制粒 Fluidized bedgranulation流化床制粒Spraydrying喷雾干燥Hardgelatincapsules明胶硬胶囊Freezedrying冷冻干燥 Die da n 模具Punches p nt iz n 冲头Adhesion d hi n n 粘附 Flowability fla b l t n 流动性Disintegrant d s nt gr nt n 崩解剂Lubricants lu br k nts n 润滑剂Glidants l d nts n 助流剂Colourants k l r nts n 着色剂Homogeneity h m d ni ti n 均匀性Directcompaction直接压实 Fillerintablets片剂填充剂Hygroscopicity ha r sk p s t n 吸湿性 Absorptionenhancer吸收促进剂Binder ba nd n 粘合剂Antiadherent n dh r nt n 抗粘剂 Flavour fle v r n 调味剂Colourant k l r nt n 着色剂concentratedpills浓缩丸Flourandwaterpastepill糊丸Waxpill蜡丸drippingpills滴丸 Glossary 8 Semi solidpreparations Ointments ntm nt n 软膏剂Hydrocarbon ha dr k b n n 碳氢化合物 烃Creams kri mz n 乳膏Gels d elz n 凝胶剂Transdermal t r nzd m l adj 经皮吸收的Percutaneous p kju te ni s adj 经皮的Semisolidpreparations半固体制剂Hydrocarbonbases碳氢化合物基质 Absorptionbases吸收性基质Water solublebases水溶性基质Oleaginousbases油脂性基质 Glossary 9 others aerosols气雾剂sustainedreleasepreparation缓释制剂controlledreleasepreparation控释制剂 cyclodextrinscomplexs环糊精包合物hydrophobiccavity亲脂性的内穴 PillsPillsaresphericalorspherical likesoliddosageformsmadeofpowderedcrudedrugsorcrudedrugextracts properbindersorotherexcipients 丸剂系指原料药物与适宜的辅料制成的球形或类球形固体制剂PowdersPowdersmaybedefinedasmixturesofpulverizedcrudedrugsorextractofcrudedrugswhichareusedfororaladministrationorexternalapplicationpulverized p lv ra z 粉末状的散剂系指原料药物或与适宜的辅料经粉碎 均匀混合制成的干燥粉末状制剂 GranulesGranulesaresoluble suspensibleoreffervescentpreparationsingranularformwithcertainparticlesizemadefromdrugextractsorfinelypowdereddrugandsuitableexcipients effervescent ef ves nt 泡腾的颗粒剂系指原料药物与适宜的辅料混合制成具有一定粒度的干燥颗粒状制剂TabletsTabletsaresolidpreparationslaminalorvariousshapescompressedtoextractsofcrudedrugs orfinelypowderedcrudedrugswithsuitableexcipients includingextracttablets semi extracttabletsandpowderedcrudedrugdrugtablets 片剂系指原料药物或与适宜的辅料制成的圆形或异形的片状固体制剂 中药还有浸膏片 半浸膏片和全粉片等 TrochesTrochesaresolidpreparationsofvariousshapesmadefromfinepowdersofcrudedrugsandsuitablebinders orusingthebindingpropertyofcrudedrugsthemselves Troches 锭剂锭剂系指饮片细粉与适宜黏合剂 或利用饮片细粉本身的黏性 制成不同形状的固体制剂 ConcentrateddecoctionsConcentrateddecoctionsaresemifluidpreparationspreparedbydecoctingthecrudedrugsinwater concentratingthedecoctionandaddinghoneyorsugar orinvertsugar 煎膏剂系指饮片用水煎煮 取煎煮液浓缩 加炼蜜或糖 或转化糖 制成的半流体制剂 GluesGluesaresolidlumppreparationsintendedforinternaladministration preparedbydecoctinganimalskin bone shellorbornwithwater concentratingintothickgelatinousmassandthendrying gelatinous d l tn s 胶剂系指将动物皮 骨 甲或角用水煎取胶质 浓缩成稠胶状 经干燥后制成的固体块状内服制剂 SyrupsSyrupsareconcentratedaqueoussolutionsofsucrosecontainingextractsofcrudedrugs 糖浆剂系指含有原料药物的浓蔗糖水溶液 Mixtures Mixturesareliquidpreparationsintendedfororaladministration preparedbyextractingthecrudedrugswithwaterorothersolventsinsuitableways packageofasingledoseisalsoknownas oralliquids 合剂系指饮片用水或其他溶剂 采用适宜的方法提取制成的口服液体制剂 单剂量灌装者也可称 口服液 Capsules Capsulesarepreparationsmadebymixingcrudedrugsprocessedbysuitablemethodsandappropriateexcipients enclosingincapsuleshellorsealinginsoftcapsule Capsulesareclassifiedintohard softorentericshells mainlyfororaladministration 胶囊剂系指原料药物或与适宜辅料充填于空心胶囊或密封于软质囊材中制成的固体制剂 可分为硬胶囊 软胶囊 胶丸 缓释胶囊 控释胶囊和肠溶胶囊 主要供口服用 MedicinalWines Medicinalwinesareclearliquidpreparationspreparedbymacerationandextractionofcrudedrugswithdistilledwine 酒剂系指饮片用蒸馏酒提取制成的澄清液体制剂 maceration m s re n 浸渍 Tinctures Tincturesareclearliquidpreparationsofmedicinalsubstancesmaceratedordissolvedinethanolofspecifiedconcentrationormadebydilutingtheliquidextracts extendedfororaladministrationorexternalapplication 酊剂系指将原料药物用规定浓度的乙醇提取或溶解而制成的澄清液体制剂 也可用流浸裔稀释制成 供口服或外用 Gels Gelsaresemisolidorthickliquidpreparationswithgelnatureswhicharemadebymixingextractsofcrudedrugsandsuitablebases Gelsaredivisibleintowatersolublegetsaccordingtothecharactersofthebasesused 凝胶剂系指原料药物与能形成凝胶的辅料制成的具凝胶特性的稠厚液体或半固体制剂 LiquidextractsandExtracts Liquidextractsorextractsarepreparationsmadeb