B4, Unit10 The idocy of urban life.ppt

Unit10 Watchthemovieclipandanswerthefollowingquestions WhatisDoug scompliant Pre readingActivities Audiovisualsupplement1 Audiovisualsupplement Culturalinformation Dougfeelsguiltyforhisfamilybecauseheistoooverworkedandoverscheduledtofindtimeforhiswifeandkids letaloneforhimself Heisbecomingresentfulabouttheheavyburden Dr Leedsoffersasolution Dougobviouslyneedstobecloned 2 WhatisDr Leeds solutiontoDoug sproblem Pre readingActivities Audiovisualsupplement2 Audiovisualsupplement Culturalinformation Doug ThenIgetresentfulbecauseIfeellikeIshouldhave youknowmaybealittletimeformyself It slikeworkisfirst myfamilyisaclosesecondandI madistantthird bringinguptherear Youknow Isthatcrazy Dr Leeds Idon tknow I mnotapsychiatrist Anyway youdon tneedone Iftheproblemsonyourmindarereal thatrequiresrealsolutions Doug Well then Whatdoyoudo Dr Leeds Itoldyou Imakemiracles Icreatetime Imakeclones Doug sitdown I mageneticist FifteenyearsagoIstartedcloningviruses Andthen tenyearsago Iclonedanearthworm Doug Godblessyou sir VideoScript1 Audiovisualsupplement Culturalinformation Dr Leeds Andthen achimp Andlastyear Lastyear Man 1 Hithere Dr Leeds Justintime Man 1 Hello Dr Leeds ThisisDougKinney Heisdoingournewoffices Man 1 Oh sure IknowDoug Youknow heandIwentovertheplansoneday Dr Leeds Oh Man 1 Youweresailing Doug Wait wait wait Dr Leeds YouunderstandwhatI msuggesting Doug Yeah sure What snottounderstand Youxeroxpeople VideoScript1 Audiovisualsupplement Culturalinformation VideoScript1 Audiovisualsupplement Culturalinformation Dr Leeds Inaway Man 1 Sortof Dr Leeds Theproceduretakesabouttwohours Ittakesmoreorlesstwohours Andintheend youhaveeverythingyouneed Whatisitthat youknow Ineed Doug Time Dr Leeds Allyouneed Foreverything Doug Say I minterested youknow Whatwoulda youknow nothingfancy justabasic youknow justabasic youknowclone jobcost Theauthor HenryFairlie Culturalinformation1 Audiovisualsupplement Culturalinformation HenryFairlie 1924 1990 wasaBritishexpatriatejournalistandsocialcritic Hespent36yearsasaprominentfreelancewriteronbothsidesoftheAtlantic appearinginTheSpectator TheNewRepublic TheWashingtonPost TheNewYorker andmanyotherpapersandmagazines Hewasalsotheauthoroffivebooks mostnotablyTheKennedyPromise anearlyrevisionistcritiqueoftheU S presidencyofJohnF Kennedy In2009 BitetheHandThatFeedsYou EssaysandProvocations waspublishedasananthologyofhiswork Hewroteinamannerthatwasoften tongue in cheek intendedtobehumorousandnotmeantseriously topointtosomeoftheamusingthingsaboutcitylife 2 Thoreau sWalden Culturalinformation2 Audiovisualsupplement Culturalinformation Modernpeoplehavelongbeentiredandboredbytheidiocyofcitylife Sotheyseekotherpossiblewaysoflivingawayfromcitylife Thoreau sWaldenisaninfluentialworkofthistype inwhichtheauthorisolateshimselffromsocietytogainamoreobjectiveunderstanding ofit Simplelivingandself sufficiencywereThoreau sothergoals andthewholeprojectwasinspiredbytranscendentalistphilosophy acentralthemeoftheAmericanRomanticPeriod Throughthefollowingquote wemayseehisstancebetter Culturalinformation2 Audiovisualsupplement Culturalinformation IwenttothewoodsbecauseIwishedtolivedeliberately tofrontonlytheessentialfactsoflife andseeifIcouldnotlearnwhatithadtoteach andnot whenIcametodie discoverthatIhadnotlived Ididnotwishtolivewhatwasnotlife livingissodear nordidIwishtopractiseresignation unlessitwasquitenecessary Iwantedtolivedeepandsuckoutallthemarrowoflife tolivesosturdilyandSpartan likeastoputtoroutallthatwasnotlife tocutabroadswathandshaveclose todrivelifeintoacorner andreduceittoitslowestterms and ifitprovedtobemean whythentogetthewholeandgenuinemeannessofit andpublishitsmeannesstotheworld orifitweresublime toknowitbyexperience andbeabletogiveatrueaccountofitinmynextexcursion Structuralanalysis Thistextfallsinthegenericcategoryofargumentation Mostargumentationconsistsofthreeparts thethesisoftheauthor theevidencetosupportthethesis andthesummaryorconclusionoftheargument Thistextfollowsthispatterntoo PartI Paragraphs1 2 Theauthorpresentsthethesisofhisargument aggressivelyindividualisticandatomizedurbanlifetodaygoesagainstboththepurposeofthecityandhumannature andthusisfoolish Rhetoricalfeatures Structuralanalysis PartII Paragraphs3 9 Theauthorprovidesevidencefortheidiocyofurbanlife suchaspeoplelivingoutsidethecityboundaries maintainingthepointlessfrenzyoftheirworkhoursintheirhoursoff andisolatingthemselvesfromnature Structuralanalysis Rhetoricalfeatures Structuralanalysis PartIII Paragraph10 Theauthorreiterateshispoint RhetoricalFeatures1 Inanyargumentation theauthorhasathesisofhisown Sodoestheauthorofthistext Wecanseefromthetitleandthetextproperthathetakesanegativeattitudetowardsurbanlifebyusingalotofattitudinalwordsandexpressions Rhetoricalfeatures Structuralanalysis TheIdiocyofUrbanLifeUrbanlifeisaggressivelyindividualisticandatomized Citiesarenotsocialplaces lunacyofmoderncitylifecreatesimulationsofit rurallife apretencetoboskywoodlandsCitydwellerstaketheirfilthwiththem Thefollowingitalicizedwordsandexpressionsareusedtoexpresstheauthor sattitudetowardscitylife RhetoricalFeatures1 Practice Canyoufindmoresuchexpressions Rhetoricalfeatures Structuralanalysis theymaintainthepointlessfrenzyoftheirworkhoursintheirhoursoff workattheirplaywiththesamejoylessnessThesewindowsareascandal theurbanworkerhasnoknowledgeoftheseasons fetidcentralheatingnotruesenseoftherhythmsoftheseasonsThecitydwellerreelsfromunrealitytounreality citydwellersdon tknowit aDouglasfir oncehadroots Detailedreading1 Detailedreading THEIDIOCYOFURBANLIFEHenryFairlie1Betweenabout3a m and6a m thelifeofthecityiscivil Occasionallythelonefootstepsofsomeonewalkingtoorfromworkechoalongthesidewalk Allworkthathastobedoneatthosehoursisuseful inbakeries forexample Eventhenewspaperpressesstopturningforestsintolies Nowandthenacarcomesoutofthesilenceandcruiseseasilythroughtheblinkingtrafficlights Thenaturalinhabitantsofthecitycomeoutfromdampbasementsandcellars Withtheirpinkearsandpaws sleek well groomed theirwhiskerscombed ratsaretruecitydwellers Urbanlife duringthehourswhentheyreign isurbane Detailedreading2 Detailedreading 2Theseratsaresocialcreatures asyoucantellifyoulookoutonthecitystreetduringaninsomniacnight Butafter6a m thetwo legged daytimecreaturesofthecitybegintostir anditisthey nottherats whobringtheratrace Youmightthinkthathumanbeingscongregateinlargecitiesbecausetheyaregregarious Theoppositeistrue Urbanlifetodayisaggressivelyindividualisticandatomized Citiesarenotsocialplaces Detailedreading3 3Thelunacyofmoderncitylifeliesfirstinthefactthatmostcitydwellerstrytoliveoutsidethecityboundaries Sothetwo leggedcreatureshavecreatedsuburbs exurbs andfinallyrururbs rubstosome Disdainingrurallife theytrytocreatesimulationsofit Noeffortissparedtoletcitydwellersimaginetheyarelivinganywherebutinacity patchesofgrassinthemoremodestsuburbs broaderspreadsinthericheronesfurtherout primnewtreesplantedalongthestreets atthefootofthelargerbackyards apretensetoboskywoodlands Detailedreading Detailedreading4 4Theprofessionalpeoplebuysecondhomesinthecountryassoonastheycanaffordthem andasearlyaspossibleonFridayheadoutofthecitytheyhavecreated TheNewYorkintellectualsandartistsquaintlysaytheyare goingtothecountry fortheweekendorthesummer butinfacttheyhavecreatedalittleManhattan by the SeaaroundtheHamptons spreadingovertheLongIslandpotatofieldswhoseearliersolitudewaspresumablythereasonwhytheyfirstwentthere Citydwellerstakethecitywiththemtothecountry fortheywillnotlivewithoutitspamperings ThemainstreetsofAmerica ssmalltowns Detailedreading Detailedreading4 whichusedtohavehardwareanddrygoodsstores arenowstripsofboutiques Old fashionedbarbersbecomeunisexhairdressingsalons Thebrownratsstayinthecitiesbecauseofthefilththehumansleaveduringtheday Theratscleanitupatnight Soonthecountrysidewillbejustasnourishingtothem asthecitydwellerstaketheirfilthwiththem Detailedreading Detailedreading5 5Workstillgivesmeaningtorurallife thefamily andchurches Butinthecitytodayworkandhome familyandchurch areseparated Whattheofficeworkersdoforalivingisnotpartoftheirhomelife Atthesametimetheymaintainthepointlessfrenzyoftheirworkhoursintheirhoursoff Theyrushfromtheofficetojog tothegymortheYMCApool toworkattheirplaywiththesamejoylessness Detailedreading Detailedreading6 6Eventhoughtheofficesoftoday sbusinessesinthecityarethemselvesmovingouttothesuburbs thisdoesnotnecessarilybringtheworkersbackclosertotheirworkplace Itmerelymeansthattotherush hourtrafficintothecitythereisnowaddedarush hourtrafficouttothesuburbsinthemorning andbackaroundandacrossthecityintheevening Asthefarmerwalksdowntohisfarminthemorning thecitydwellerisdressingforthefirstidiocyofhisday whichhenotonlyacceptsbutevenseeks thejourneytowork Detailedreading 7Inthemodernofficebuildinginthecitytherearewindowsthatdon topen Thisisperhapsthemostsymboliclunacyofall Outdoorsissomethingyoucanlookatthroughglassbutnottotouchorhear Thesewindowsareascandalbecausetheyendangerthelivesofofficeworkersincaseoffire Butnolessgrievous evenonthefairestspringorfalldaytheworkerscannotputtheirheadsoutside Thusitisnotsurprisingthattheurbanworkerhasnoknowledgeoftheseasons Heisawaresimplythatinsomemonthsthereisairconditioning andinothersthroughthesameventscomefetidcentralheating Evenoutsideathomeintheirsuburbsthecitydwellersmayknowthatsometimesit shot andsometimesit scold butnotruesenseoftherhythmsoftheseasonsistobehadfromalawninthebackyardandafewspindlytreesstrugglingtosurvive Detailedreading7 Detailedreading 8Thecitydwellerreelsfromunrealitytounrealitythrougheachday alwaystryingtorecovertherurallifethathasbeensurrenderedforthecitylights Nocitydweller eveninthesuburbs knowsthewonderofapitch darkcountrylaneatnight Nordoeshenaturallygetanyexercisefromhiswork 9EveryEuropeanpointsoutthatAmericansarethemostround shoulderedpeopleintheworld Fewofthemcarrythemselveswithanuprightstance althoughacorrectstanceisthefirstpreconditionoflettingyourlungsbreathenaturallyanddeeply Electrictypewriterscutdowntheamountofphysicalexertionneededtohitthekeys thebuttonsofawordprocessorneedevenlesseffort asyoucantellfromthepostureofthosewhousethem TheyrushouttojogorotherwiseFonda izetheirleisuretotrytorepairthedamagedoneduringtheday Detailedreading8 9 Detailedreading Detailedreading10 10Everythinginurbanlifeisanefforteithertosimulaterurallifeortocompensateforitslossbyartificialmeans Itisfromthisday to dayexistenceofunreality pretence andidiocythatthecitypeople slumpingalongtheirstreetsevenwhenscurrying neverlookingupattheirbuildings farlessthesky havetheinsolencetodisdainandmocktheusefulandrewardinglifeofthecountrypeoplewhosupportthem NowgooutandcarryhomeaDouglasfir callitaChristmastree andenjoy12daysofcontactwithnature Ofcoursecitydwellersdon tknowitoncehadroots Detailedreading Whatisthepurposeofmentioningratsastruecitydwellers Paragraph1 Detailedreading1 Quesion Theauthormentionsratsatthebeginningofthearticleforthepurposeofcontrastingratswithhumanbeings Inasense bothratsandhumanbeingsarecitydwellers buttherearedifferencesbetweenthemintermsoflifeinthecity Asnaturalinhabitantsofthecity ratsaresocialcreaturesandleadastableurbanlife Bycontrast mosthumandwellersdonotenjoyurbanlifebuttrytoliveoutsidethecityboundaries andtheyliveanindividualisticandatomizedratherthangregariouslife Therefore relativelyspeaking ratsaretruecitydwellers Detailedreading Whatidiocyisthereinthecitydwellers tryingtoliveoutsidethecityboundaries Paragraph3 Detailedreading2 Quesion Theidiocyofthepracticeliesinthepretenceofthecitydwellers Foronething theydisdainrurallifeontheonehand andontheotherhandtheytrytosimulateitbycreatinglargeorsmallpatchesofgreeneryaroundtheirsuburb exurborrururbresidences Foranother whiletheyintendtolivearurallifebygoingtothecountry theyhaveinfactspoiledthenaturalfeaturesoftheruralareasandcreatedurbansurroundingswheretheyhavesettleddown Asaresulttheirpurposefailsintheend Detailedreading Whydoestheauthorcallthecitydweller sjourneytowork thefirstidiocyofhisday Paragraph6 Detailedreading3 Quesion Theauthor ssayingsoreflectshisattitudetowardsofficeworkinthecity Unlikefarmingwhichispartofruralhomelife joylessworkinthecityisseparated bothphysicallyandemotionally fromhomelifeandconsequentlycausesunnecessaryfrenzy Theworker sgoingtoandreturningfromworkwastesalotoftimeandthusispointless yettheworker notonlyacceptsbutseeks it Hencetheidiocyof thejourneytowork Detailedreading Howdoyouunderstandthesentence Thecitydwellerreelsfromunrealitytounrealitythrougheachday Paragraph8 Detailedreading8 Quesion Thequotedstatementdescribesinwhatenvironmentthecitydwellerlivesandworks Withthewindowsthatneveropen themodernoffice artificiallycooledinsummerandheatedinwinter alienatestheworkerfromthetruenaturalworld Thehomesurroundingsarenobetter Theyprovidethedwellerwithnotruesenseoftheseasonseither Ingeneral thecitydwellerisremovedfromnatureandsubmergedinaman madeenvironmenteveryday Detailedreading Whataccountsforthefactthat Americansarethemostround shoulderedpeopleintheworld Paragraph9 Detailedreading9 Quesion Thisphenomenoniscausedbythedemeritsofofficework Comparedwithphysicallaborinrurallife officeworkinthecityneedsverylittlephysicalexertion butitrequireslong timesittingwiththesamepostureeveryday Eventheafter workexercisescannotcompensateforthedamagedonetothephysicalconstitutionoftheworkerduringworkhours Thisaccountsfortheround shoulderednessofAmericans Detailedreading Detailedreading1 Activity Groupdiscussion Whatarethemajordifferencesbetweencitylifeandcountrylife Wheredoyouprefertolive inthecityorinthecountry Why Detailedreading civil a Detailedreading1 civil1 e g Hismannerwascivil thoughnotparticularlyfriendly He dbeencarefultobeciviltoeveryone Detailedreading 1 politeandformal 2 applyingtoordinarycitizens e g civilrights basicrightsthatallpeopleinasocietyshouldhavecivilaviation aviationrelatingtoordinarypeopleratherthanmilitaryforces 3 oforoccurringwithinthestateorbetweenoramongcitizensofthestate e g civilwar warbetweengroupsinacountrycivilservant service Detailedreading1 civil2 Detailedreading Derivation civilizev raisefromabarbarictoacivilizedstate e g Schoolswillhelptocivilizethewildtribesthere cruise v n Detailedreading1 cruise Detailedreading e g Theplaneiscruisingatanaltitudeof35 000feet 1 ofavehicleoritsdriver travelsmoothlyatamoderatespeed 2 sailordriveforpleasure e g TheywillbegoingcruisingtheGreekislandsnextweek Detailedreading1 insomniac insomniac e g Insomniacsdonotsleepbecausetheyworryaboutit andtheyworryaboutitbecausetheydonotsleep Detailedreading n sb whocannotsleep a experiencingoraccompaniedbysleeplessness e g insomniacoldpeopleinsomniacnights sleeplessnight Theword insomniac hereisusedasatransferredepithettomodifysomethinginanimate e g Evenso theriskofdiscoverywasbeginningtocausePettitsleeplessnights Hethrewareassuringarmroundmyshoulder Detailedreading1 ratrace1 ratrace fiercecompetition Detailedreading e g Ireallywanttogetoutoftheratrace 我真的想要远离这种你争我夺的生活 Theylongedtoescapefromtheratraceandmovetothecountryside 他们渴望能够摆脱无情的竞争搬到乡下去 Theratraceisatermoftenusedtodescribeexcessivework Ingeneralterms ifoneworkstoomuch oneisintheratrace Itimpliesthatmanypeopleseeworkasanendlesspursuitwithlittlerewardorpurpose Detailedreading1 ratrace2 Morephrasesof rat e g Icouldn tbelievethattheyhavebeenlivingintherattrapformonths Detailedreading rattrap slang incrediblyrun downanddangerousrentalhousingwheretheresidentslivesareindanger oratleastverydepressed andratsofteninhabitthewalls e g Iwillnevertrustsucharatfink ratfink sb whobetraysthetrustofcompatriotsbygivingvitalinformationtotheirenemies Detailedreading1 ratrace3 Detailedreading e g Yourhairlookslikerat snest rat snest abigmess usuallyappliedtohairwhichhasnotbeengroomedortakencareof rathole descriptionofaplaceofresidencedeclaringittoresemblethedigsofarat completewithpilesofbelongingswhichthreatentotoppleoverandsmothertheoccupant e g Doyouwantmetofighthimfornothinginarathole Detailedreading3 disdain disdain v thinkoneselfsuperiorto reject Detailedreading e g Theoldermusiciansdisdainthenew rock influencedmusic Ournewneighborsseemtobedisdainingtospeaktous Detailedreading3 simulation simulation n imitationoftheconditionsof asituationetc resemblance Detailedreading e g simulationtest模拟考试Iwasquitedeceivedbyhersimulationofsorrow Derivation simulatev imitate givetheappearanceof e g Incheapfurniture plasticisoftenusedtosimulatewood AnnesimulatedpleasureatseeingSimon butreallyshewishedhehadn tcome Detailedreading3 prim prim a e g aprimgarden Detailedreading 1 neat e g Sheismuchtooprimandpropertogointoapub 2 veryformalandcorrectinbehaviourandeasilyshockedbyanythingrude hardwareanddrygoodsstores Detailedreading4 hardwareanddrygoodsstores Ahardwarestore AmE isashopsellingtoolsandequipmentthatareusedinthehouseandgardens Detailedreading Drygoodsstore AmE sellsclothes thread andotherthings Detailedreading5 frenzy Detailedreading frenzy n uncontrolledandexcitedbehaviouroremotion whichissometimesviolent e g Agunmankilledtenpeopleinamurderousfrenzytodayinthatcity Theaudienceworkedthemselvesupintoafrenzyastheywaitedforthesingertocomeonstage Detailedreading7 scandal Theministerwasforcedtoresignafterascandalinvolvinghimandanotherminister swife Theiraffaircreatedascandalintheoffice e g Detailedreading scandal n 1 sth thatcausesapublicfeelingofoutrageorindignation Someonemusthavebeenspreadingscandal e g 2 maliciousgossip Derivation scandalousa givingoffensetomoralsensibilitiesandinjurioustoreputation e g Heisascandalouswifebeater 他是个殴打妻子的可耻之徒 Detailedreading8 reel Detailedreading reel v movefromsidetosideunsteadily Shehithimsohardthathereeledacrosstheroom e g Detailedreading10 slump Detailedreading slump v n IspenttheeveningslumpedinfrontoftheTV e g 1 assumeadroopingposture Heslumpedontothecouch e g 2 fallorsinkheavily Therealestatemarketslumped e g 3 fallheavilyorsuddenly declinemarkedly Detailedreading10 scurry Detailedreading scurry v n runormovehurriedly esp withshortquicksteps Weallscurriedforshelterwhenthestormbegan Busyboatschugandscurryabouttheriver e g Detailedreading10 insolence Detailedreading insolence n thetraitofbeingrudeandimpertinent anof