希腊罗马文化英语论文

1 The Conqueror Who had been conquered by the Conquered 姓名 徐志源 学号 201305001017 班级 卓财 13 1 2 I Abstract Maybe everyone will know a saying the conqueror had been conquered by the failure that is conquered In this paper I will describe the difference between Roman and Greek culture to explain that Rome conquered Greece by war but Rome was conquered by Greek culture There is a saying in this world Rome was not built in a day It aims to tell us that we have to take long time whatever we want to do But how many people know that this saying has a small mistake In fact Roma was built in a day Archaeologists found a reel what is signed by Caesar and an Ancient Babylon construction company This reel is a contract what is about Rome The Ancient Babylon construction company claimed that if they could not build Roma in a day Caesar would beheading them and feed them to the lions Archaeologists hold the opinion that this contract is effective because they do not find any mark that the head was bitten by lions Not only the city but also the Roman civilization was built for a short time We know that the Greece was destroyed by Rome but the origin of Roman civilization is from Greece So Roman did not develop their civilization opposite they inherited the culture from Greece It likes the saying built in a day The most direct relationship what we can find between two civilizations is the language and characters It is easy to know that the origin of the Greek alphabet is Phoenician alphabet The official language of Rome is Latin And the relationship between Greek and Latin is like distant relative Mythology and civilization is based on words and alphabet We can find the common grounds from the words and alphabet so we could find the common grounds on the culture like mythology Finally I want to say Rome is a conqueror and Greece is conquered But on the civilization Rome was conquered by Greece Whatever the language alphabet mythology especially art Rome inherited and studied Greek civilization Maybe Greek should not hate the Roman because Rome promotes the culture used another way and make the civilization continuation 3 II Introduction First is the title the conqueror had been conquered by the failure that is conquered Maybe everyone knows the sentence but most of us do not know the means about it According to the common understanding when a conqueror nation conquerors a country it may be conquered by the culture of failure In this easy firstly I will discuss a question whether Roma was built in day Archaeologists found a reel what about building Rome The time limit in the reel is one day Then I will write that Rome inherited something from Greece Roman did not compile the myth and religion instead of they use the simplest way inherited from Greece Thirdly I will describe the relationship between Latin and Greece The most direct relationship what we can find between two civilizations is the language and characters Then I will discuss the similar mythology and art between Rome and Greece The two parts are the greatest way to contrast the same point between two kinds of culture Next part is the advanced military and politics There is a saying in China Indigo blue is extract from the indigo plant but is bluer than the plant it comes from Rome as a student in some sides the Rome surpassed his teacher Greece The most obvious two points are military and politics Roman army conquered the Mediterranean Sea Roman twelve table method is famous in the world Finally I will explain reason of the similar civilization Someone will ask the question why the culture between Rome and Greece is so similar So in the last part I will solve the question in my opinion 4 Tables and Contents I Abstract 2 II Introduction 3 III The City Was Built in a Day 5 3 1 The evidence about the Rome was built in a day 5 3 2 The culture appear quickly 5 IV The Culture What Was Inherited From Greece 5 4 1 Roman empire did not have the unified civilization 5 4 2 The Relationship between Latin and Greece 6 4 3 Similar Mythology and Art 5 6 4 4 Reason of the Similar Civilization 7 V The Student Surpassed His Teacher 7 5 1 Military Science 7 5 2 Political System 8 5 2 1 Greek Political System 8 5 2 2 Roman Political System 8 5 3 Legal system 9 6 5 3 1 Greek Legal system 9 5 3 2 Roman Legal system 9 VI Conclusion 10 VII Reference 11 7 III The City Was Built in a Day 3 1 The evidence about the Rome was built in a day There is a saying in this world Rome was not built in a day It aims to tell us that we need to take long time whatever we want to do But there is few people know that this saying has a small mistake In fact Roma was built in a day faster than people have realized Archaeologists found a reel what is signed by Caesar and an Ancient Babylon construction company This reel is a contract what is about Rome city The Ancient Babylon construction company claimed that they would build the Rome just ono day if they could not build Roma in a day Caesar would beheading them and feed them to the lions Archaeologists hold the opinion that this contract is effective because they do not find any mark that the head was bitted by lions Now archaeologists are using carbon 14 to appraisal the age of this reel 3 2 The culture appear quickly We cannot imagine that the grand city was built in a day The road the Colosseum and the pantheon is so grand that we cannot understand they were built so quickly But now we also do not have enough evidence to prove the guess We do not know how much time they take to build Rome in any case Roman culture appears is an indisputable fact From the history records Roman civilization including myth and religion appear between 200 BC and 100 BC Maybe someone will think that one hundred years is to long too do many things But just one hundred years is not enough to build a civilization even including the myth and religion IV The Culture What Was Inherited From Greece 4 1 Roman empire did not have the unified civilization Not only the city but also the Roman civilization was built for a short time Before the empire Rome is an inhabited land what is combined by many tribes According to the common sense different tribes always have different culture Maybe they have the unified communication mode but it was impossible that they have the unified 8 language and civilization We know that the Greece was destroyed by Rome but the origin of Roman civilization is from Greece So Roman did not develop their civilization opposite they inherited the culture from Greece 4 2 The Relationship between Latin and Greece The most direct relationship what we can find between two civilizations is the language and characters It is easy to know that the origin of the Greek alphabet is Phoenician alphabet The official language of Rome is Latin And the relationship between Greek and Latin is like distant relative I give an example in Greece the number 5 is written by in Latin the number 5 was written by V it use a symbol from Greece There are many differences but we can also find the common grounds For instance the pronunciation and shape will be a good example If we observe it carefully enough we can find that Greek is more complex than the Latin But anyway they look a bit like On the other hand the pronunciation of fundamental Latin words is from the pronunciation of Greece Roman are so smart but they are so lazy They did not wasted much time to create a language instead of they used the Greece character as the foundation 4 3 Similar Mythology and Art Mythology and civilization is based on words and alphabet We can find the common grounds from the words and alphabet so we could find the common grounds on the culture like mythology In the Greek mythology the king of all gods is called Zeus he controls heaven and uses thunder as a weapon But in Roman mythology the king of all gods is called Jupiter Except name everything is same We can find many instances Prometheus is like Zeus even the Roman were so lazy that they did not change the name We can see that Rome might just copy and carry The same gods and the same stories made Rome and Greece became polytheistic Expect the alphabet and mythology art is also a typical sign what represents a country When Rome occupied the land of Greece as a conqueror the architects who 9 were from Greece could only gather in the Roman City and they made a contribution to develop Roman architecture Greek architecture was exquisite harmonious and artistic The temple can be seen a great instance But Roman architecture was grand and powerful like the arena 4 4 Reason of the Similar Civilization Rome and Greece is so similar that we have to consider the reason First Roma destroyed Greece and the army took educated Greek back The Greek culture went to Rome like this Second Rome was a belligerent country so that they did not have enough time to think and create Third for controlling the country Rome adopted the strict and checked religion to constrain the polytheistic system Let s see the development course of two countries I will contrast the civilization development course of Rome and Greece Firstly Greece experienced the time line Aegean Era Grete civilization Foreign civilization Mycenaean civilization regional power concentration Homeric age The dark ages of Greece regression of civilization Classical antiquity Slavery country Next is Roman turn Etruscan civilization Kingdom of Rome regional power concentration Era of Republic Slavery country Age of Empires Overall the two civilizations experienced this course Foreign civilization Military democracy Aristocratic centralization Democracy and tyranny Democracy era Aristocratic centralization The difference is that Roman time line is clarity but Greece is confused V The Student Surpassed His Teacher 5 1 Military Science Although Rome was conquered by Greek civilization but in fact Rome is the winner of the battle If Rome do not have any advantage it is impossible that it could 10 destroy Greece In any case Rome is the Conqueror In some sides the Rome surpassed his teacher Greece As a country especially the country called Rome military cannot be ignored In Roman army the basic unit is group The emergence of the infantry detachment tactics make the fight is reasonable First to prevent the weapon is hindered when wave the arms 2 in order to be able to move quickly they save the space what could allow a group to through 3 they can change the heavy casualties 4 the army can face the enemy s move Let s observe the Greek army they equip the giant shield and the basic unit is people It is doomed that they do not have enough maneuverable and cannot deal with the large battle The powerful of Roman army cover all at one glance Rome was a military nation so that the Greece was destroyed by Rome 5 2 Political System 5 2 1 Greek Political System Small territory and population is a notable feature of Greece It means that each city is small and its population is limited Every city state adopts the sovereignty of the people and the direct democracy system Direct democratic system means that the political sovereignty of the city belongs to his people citizens are directly involved in the management of the city rather than through the election of representatives of the parliament to govern the country Under this system the majority of the citizens who have the right to enjoy political rights have the highest authority This kind of democratic system can be implemented only in the narrow and small cities of the country In general the ancient Greece has not formed a stable authoritarian system 5 2 2 Roman Political System The Republic is the original creation of the Romans The word Republic is derived from the Latin word res publica which means the cause of the public Before the Roman Republic there had been three forms of political the monarchy aristocracy and democracy but the three forms have some defects And the Republic of Rome is 11 the product of a mixture of the first three traditions and the balance of the system The Republic of Rome has created a precedent and principle the internal power of politics or government must be balanced The principle of balance of power which is the first of Rome has become a common principle in the development of western politics in the future 5 3 Legal system 5 3 1 Greek Legal system Greek low is the standard State law City state of self sufficiency and closed doctrine must have laws to protect Therefore the city also has the law about citizenship civil rights and obligations The state law must have the state low including administrative organ and proceedings It also has the civil law including property inheritance and contract The law of the state in Greece maintains the validity of the state system But the existing research shows that the state law does not have been recorded 5 3 2 Roman Legal system In almost parts what is created by intelligence the Romans were the devout students of Greeks but in a legal they are the teacher In their hands the law becomes the subject of science firstly The Roman legal system known as the Roman law it covers all legal system of the ancient Roman slavery countries throughout the historical period of development it is the most comprehensive legal system in the ancient world In the course of the development of Rome civilization law is the most important part Twelve copper table methods is the earliest written code in the times of the Republic of Rome including civil law the criminal law and the procedure It provided a ready made legal form for the later capitalist Europe Therefore it has important significance in the history of the code and it also has a significant difference with the law of the state 12 VI Conclusion In my paper I discuss the Rome city was built in a day And I write the civilization between Rome and Greece Rome surpasses his teacher in politics military and law Finally I want to say Rome is a conqueror and Greece is conquered But on the civilization Rome was conquered by Greece Whatever the language alphabet mythol