钢结构与钢筋混凝土结构抗震优势比较

精品文档 1欢迎下载 钢结构与钢筋混凝土结构抗震优势比较钢结构与钢筋混凝土结构抗震优势比较 一 材料分析比较一 材料分析比较 地震力 是惯性力 混凝土结构质量大 惯性力大 钢结构质 量小 惯性小 所以在相同的地震作用下 混凝土结构受到很大的 力 钢结构受到的力小 这是外因 内因 钢结构材料强度高 耗能强 是延性材料 有屈服台阶 通 过包络曲线来耗能 而混凝土是脆性材料 钢结构所用的是钢材最低是用 Q235 大部分的钢结构材料用的都 是 Q345 钢结构的阻尼比一般在 0 01 0 02 之间 钢筋混凝土结 构的阻尼比一般在 0 03 0 08 之间 阻尼比小 在地震力作用下 变形大 因为钢结构韧性好 通过变形消耗地震能量 且容易恢复 钢结构较为柔软主要通过弹塑性变形吸收能量 较混凝土而言脆断 的可能性低得多 一般认为 10 层以下的钢结构建筑物基本不会发生 倒塌事故 二 结构设计计算方式分析二 结构设计计算方式分析 钢结构采用弹性理论设计的 其构件能够在地震小幅度变形后再 恢复 而钢筋混凝土结构是刚性理论设计的 不能变形 就不能吸 收地震的能量 跨度越大越实惠 可回收 环保符合绿色建筑理念 由于钢材塑性 韧性好 可有较大变形 能很好地承受动力荷载 其次钢材匀质性和各向同性好 属理想弹性体 最符合一般工程力 精品文档 2欢迎下载 学的基本假定 因此 钢结构的抗震性能比钢筋混凝土结构的抗震 性能好 三 模型分析三 模型分析 1 1 钢结构在荷载作用下的位移变形 2 2 混凝土在相同荷载作用下的位移变形 荷载表格 2 层梁恒载 2 层楼板活 荷载2 层楼板恒荷载屋顶板活荷载屋顶板横荷载屋顶梁恒载 10KN M23KN M23KN M23KN M25KN M25KN M2 精品文档 3欢迎下载 以上结构为钢结构和钢筋混凝土结构模型 两种结构在相同的荷 载作用下 钢结构沿 1 2 3 轴的位移分别是 0 00919mm 0 00570 mm 15746 mm 钢筋混凝土沿 1 2 3 轴的位移分别是 0 00909mm 0 00909 mm 0 15255mm 从模型位移分析里看 加 上钢结构震后快速恢复的特点 而混凝土结构属于刚性结构 变形 后不可恢复原形 从而钢结构在抗震的方面要优于钢筋混凝土结构 四 综合分析四 综合分析 精品文档 4欢迎下载 从两种结构的材料分析和设计计算方式比较 模型分析比较 能 很明确的知道钢结构建筑从抗震和结构稳定性来看 都优于钢筋混 凝土结构建筑 这也是欧美发达国家 50 以上的建筑为钢结构建筑 的原因 The Earthquake advantage of steel frame structure and concrete structure 1 The material analysis Seismic force is the inertia force the quality of concrete structures is biggest than steel frame structure so the inertia forces of concrete structures is biggest than the steel frame structures in the same earthquake concrete structure subject to considerable force the steel structure is smaller this is external reason steel frame structure have high strength steel materials ductile materials energy consumption is fast yield steps is benefit to energy consumption But Concrete structure is a brittle material Steel structure with the minimum of steel Q235 most of the steel materials used are of Q345 The steel structure of the damping ratio is generally between 0 01 0 02 the damping of reinforced concrete structures than the average between 0 03 0 08 The damping ratio smaller the seismic force have large deformation the steel toughness is good the seismic energy consumption by deformation so easy to restore The steel structure is relatively soft absorb energy through elastic plastic deformation than the concrete the possibility of brittle fracture is much lower generally below the 10 floor steel buildings do not collapse accident occurred 2 The analysis comparison of two structural design calculations Steel structure designed using the theory of elasticity its components can recovery after earthquake deformation reinforced concrete structure is rigid 精品文档 5欢迎下载 design theory can not be deformed it can not absorb the energy of the earthquake so Span bigger and more affordable recyclable environmental protection and meet the green building concept Steel ductility toughness large deformation can well withstand the dynamic loads and Steel homogeneous and isotropic is an ideal elastomer Conform with basic assumption of the general engineering mechanics so the seismic performance of steel structures is better than concrete structures 3 3 StructuralStructural modelmodel analysisanalysis Load form first floor beam dead load first floor slab Live load first floor slab dead load roof floor slab live load roof slab dead load roof beam dead load 10KN M23KN M23KN M23KN M25KN M25KN M2 1 Displacement deformation of the steel structure in the loads 精品文档 6欢迎下载 2 Displacement deformation of the concrete structure in the same loads 精品文档 7欢迎下载 The above structure of steel and reinforced concrete structural model Two structures in the same loads The steel structure along the 1 2 3 axis displacement is 0 00919mm 0 00570 mm 15746 mm Reinforced concrete along the 1 2 3 axis displacement is 0 00909mm 0 00909 mm 0 15255mm the displacement analysis from the model analysis and the characteristics of fast recovery in the steel structure after the earthquake the concrete structure is a rigid structure deformation can not restore after the prototype steel structures is superior to reinforced concrete structure in seismic areas 4 A A comprehensivecomprehensive analysisanalysis Materials analysis and design method of calculation model analysis and comparison the two structures is very clear that we know the steel construction of seismic and structural stability superior to reinforced con