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Unit 1 School life Clip 1 Healthy eating Woman 1 The schools are doing it because they ve got to promote healthy eating and I think it s the right message But I think really they should target the parents beforehand because I think it s quite sad for the children to have things in there and then to take them away Woman 2 I think it s a good idea I think children should eat healthy while they re at school Treats should be at weekends or after school Man 1 So what is allowed in children s lunch bags Well here I have an array of food Good and bad Man 2 Sandwiches pasta fruit and nuts are fine Sweets crisps fizzy 1 drinks and chocolate though are set to be taken away Clip 2 Grants for school buildings Voice over The building work continues but for how much longer They re ready to start a second phase of refurbishment here but the college may have to send the builders home Woman 1 We ve just come up onto the roof of the old building and as you can see there that is the new building we ve been working on for two years and we re just about to move into the refurbishment of this great two lifted building Voice over The principal of South Thames College told me what would happen of she doesn t get the money for the new building project 2 Woman 1 I will have already committed six and a half to eight million pounds that will then be the College s debt And this building would no longer work because the services would be cut off and this will have to be muffled Voice over From hair dressing to forensic science over 20 000 students and adult learners come here Some classes are in the old listed building But the basement floods and the heating breaks down and that s why they wanted to give it a refurb Clip 3 The increasing tuition fee Voice over University fees paid by these students are capped at around 3 000 pounds a year But the government is due to review the situation and the body representing the bosses of England s universities has a suggestion to increase fees to 5 000 or even 7 000 pounds a year Woman 1 We have a world class reputation that needs to be maintained Students I think quite rightly expect a very high quality higher education And that has to be paid for Woman 2 Today s second year students will leave university with debts of more than 17 000 pounds on average Under one of the schemes being discussed today that amount will increase to more than 26 000 pounds a sum that could take quite a few years to pay off The question is would this increase actually put young people off from applying to university in the first place 3 Man 1 Potentially yes Yes I would have to assess my personal situation at that time But I think it will put a lot of people off as it s a huge amount of money Woman 3 I m doing a history degree so I have about eight hours of contact a week So as for my money being wasted whereas medical students have lots of labs and lots of money on them so I think it would kind of cause me to think twice about going to university and which university I go to and where Man 2 Well I think it is breathtakingly arrogant of university vice chancellors to be talking about doubling the level of tuition fees and the level of graduate debt in the middle of a recession I think they need to get out of their ivory tower to look at what is going on with the economy now Students are in increasing hardship already and leaving tens of thousand of people graduating with even bigger amounts of debts is reckless and irresponsible Voice over Introducing tuition fees in the first place was controversial and difficult so the government is unlikely to rush to increase them now Annabel Roberts ITV News Clip 4 Graduates facing difficult time Voice over Students setting out on life s journey are feeling the economic strain before they ve even secured their first job For as the economy contracts graduates vacancies have fallen for the first time in 4 three years Woman 1 Most of the other people that I know in my degree in my course they re still struggling to find jobs Voice over Diphian Serran is a final year student hoping for a first class degree and praying for a good job So far despite numerous interviews and an impressive CV she s had bad luck Woman 1 Very bad luck Unfortunately I ve gone through the interview stage of many so to the final stage But once I reach there I often get either get rejected or it s you know we ll let you know Voice over The downturn in manufacturing and the meltdown in the financial services mean that nearly half of the employers expect to hire fewer graduates this year That means the competition on campus has ever been tougher Woman 2 This is the generation of university students who were born and bred in the economic boom But they are graduating in the economic bust Recruitment s down salaries are frozen This is crunch time in every sense Man 1 These times are a lot tougher than they had been the last 10 15 possibly even 20 years But employers are still recruiting The brains of today are the profits of tomorrow The question is whether the graduates are able to adjust their expectations to the realities of the labor market Voice over For this final year engineering student the reality is still 5 great Vacancies in the engineering and public sectors are on the rise Will s found a job in a bank His starting salary is 42K Man 2 There are still opportunities down there for people being smart or kind of risk savvy enough to get them so it s just you know it s more difficult but it s not impossible Voice over The generation who never had it so good as children may find the economic realities harder as adults Penny Marshall News at Ten Warwick University Clip 5 Value of a degree Voice over Tis the season when 400 000 bright young things write off hoping their dreams will come true Not a letter to Santa but a university application form The government wants half of all our young people to experience the wonderful world of the undergraduate The joy of learning of student life the thrill of graduation the invitation to high powered exciting careers The reality can be rather different A few years ago these telesales staff would have been school leavers Today this publishing firm employs only graduates Same job similar salary different qualifications Man 1 Fifteen years ago we would ve probably said the basic requirements would be A levels Because that would be the benchmark we would ve expected our new employees to have achieved You know now we see the benchmark is being the degree So I think the very fact 6 that there are far more students leaving university looking for jobs enables us to specify a degree today whereas we wouldn t have done 15 years ago Voice over Thirty five per cent of graduates enter the world of work in a job that doesn t need a degree And many get stuck in careers they don t like Asked what they did want to do 47 hoped for jobs in media advertising or PR Other popular careers include design favored by 21 of women and computing picked by 23 of men But over 10 of media studies graduates are currently unemployed It s the same for design studies And even worse in computing Unpopular careers include engineering Only 9 of students mention that And yet unemployment amongst civil engineering graduates is only 2 9 At today s graduate recruitment fair thousands of students were searching for jobs But engineering stands were typically deserted And those that did enquire often lacked relevant qualifications The engineering industry believes in encouraging yet more school leavers to go to university may be an expensive indulgence Man 2 Universities argue that we are not training we are educating We are creating people who can think Now if we are just producing philosophers and thinkers I don t think we are going to resolve the economic needs of this country I mean that would be absolutely silly quite frankly 7 Voice over There are now 60 000 different degree courses in Britain The biggest increase in so called cheap degrees usually humanities or social sciences which don t require equipment or laboratories Universities get money for how many students they have and extra cash if they can woo school leavers from poor and deprived backgrounds Students are saddled with debts justified by government on the basis that across a lifetime a degree is worth an extra 400 000 pounds But is it Man 3 There are two flaws in the government s figures Firstly they re based on the percentage of graduates going through our education Those figures were in a small per cent In a couple of years time one in every two people will go through higher education of that age group The second big fundamental problem is they were based on an employment market where there was a job for life Things have changed Voice over Here at this plumbing school in North London about 20 of the class are graduates who ve decided to retrain Many come from just the kind of backgrounds government wants to encourage into higher education But their experience is hardly an advert Man 4 By the time I graduated I would say there weren t the jobs there So in hindsight it probably was a waste of time yeah Man 5 So how much money do you reckon you can earn as a plumber Woman1 Well they say between 50 to 75 thousand in about 10 years time 8 Man 5 75 grand 2 Woman 1 Approximately yes Clip 6 School disciplines David Cameron s speech 31 July 2007 So going back to my question how do we translate our values into action To reprise 3 those values families as the origin of society the role of schools in backing up and adding to the lessons of home the need for clear boundaries and for rules of behavior the diversity and the differentness of children the obligation to help the most vulnerable and disadvantaged Earlier this month I spoke about families Most of all we need to encourage stable parental relationships for example as has been suggested through removing the bias through against cohabitation in the benefits system and using the tax system to support married couples Yesterday I spoke about special educational needs We need to radically reform the statementing process to give parents what they need including a more sensitive and flexible system of categorising special needs Parents need greater choice between specialist schools and mainstream schools And until the system is properly balanced we believe we need a moratorium 4 on the closure of special schools Today I want to explain something of what we ll do to improve behaviour in the mainstream schools Sometimes people who discuss education give the impression that some 9 sort of incredibly complex alchemy It isn t We know what works because we see it in our own country and oversees The best schools whether they are private schools academies grammar schools comprehensives have some simple things in common Most of all they have an independent ethos and clear rules on acceptable behaviour Schools should be places where teachers teach and children learn not sort of holding centres for children irrespective of how badly they behave Most of all they should be places where the kids respect and even fear the teachers and not the other way around If we want our children to grow up in a loving environment they need to know where the lines are and not to step over them Heads need to be able to impose real codes of behaviour and discipline and be backed up by parents Teachers often say to me that they set clear rules they enforce them and then the parents come along and take the side of the child This can completely undermine the authority of the school and contribute directly to bad behaviour Now many schools have home school contracts setting out in black and white what is expected of the school of the parent and of the child I d like to take this idea further and make them enforceable as requirements of admission and as grounds for exclusion Head teachers should be able to say to parents if you don t sign up to this 10 code of conduct for yourselves and your children your child cannot come to school as simple as that And I want to strengthen the position of teachers as well More needs be done to protect teachers from the tiny minority who are bent on undermining authority in schools by making false allegations of abuse against the teacher This is a growing problem A recent survey in SecEd magazine indicated that 20 per cent of teachers had been falsely accused and 55 per cent of teachers knew a colleague in their school to whom this had happened The Teacher Support phone line is taking almost twice as many calls about pupil allegations as it did a year ago Yet in the past ten years only three per cent of serious allegations have actually resulted in a conviction And that s why we believe that teachers should have the full protection of anonymity until the case against them has actually been dealt with Given the elementary principle that a head teacher must have control over the standards of behaviour in his or her school this must mean as a last resort the power to exclude pupils whose conduct badly disrupts the education of others Today at the moment if a head teacher excludes a pupil the child has a right of appeal to an external panel run by the local authority And currently a quarter of the exclusions which are reviewed by appeals panels are overturned More than half of these pupils are then returned to 11 the school from which they have been expelled Now just imagine what that does to the standing of the head teacher in the eyes of the students To see a child expelled for bad behaviour swaggering back into the school It sends completely the wrong message about the relative power of the child and of the school itself The local authority should be there to serve the school to help the school to support the school not the other way around Unit 2 Love and family Clip 1 Valentine s Day Voice over An avalanche of color today at Britain s biggest flower market new Convent Garden Even by the standards of Valentine s Day trade has been awesome Double an average day and 20 up on last year But this is where love really was in the air as mobile phone masts radiated romance The industry estimates 80 million text messages were sent double the daily average Man 1 The good thing with a text message is you nearly always get a response You can t guarantee to get that when you send a bunch of flowers or an anonymous card Man 2 OK this might not be the most sentimental thought but on Valentine s Day romance isn t just an emotion it s a rapidly growing 12 industry Today 25 million pound s worth of flowers were given Twenty two million cards were sent and at least 2 25 million romantic e mails were sent on work computers Voice over That s according to those using a new system to stop Internet pornography Screening for X rated 1 material today had an accidental but interesting by product Man 3 Coincidentally we pick up this time of the year triple X s in e mails And of course what we discover is that an awful lot of these are just Valentine s messages signed with kisses and not pornography at all Voice over But even with flower prices tripling through Valentine s Day demand many people felt they couldn t get away with merely sending an e mail or text And that meant shelling out around five pounds a time for a single red rose Man 4 Definitely we re under some kind of pressure today With just some flowers and just card of some sort you know Man 5 I think it s quite commercialized but I guess it s always good to give each other presents on Valentine s Day Voice over But today has proven that the electronics which have become a part of life are also rapidly becoming a part of love Chris Choi ITV News 13 Clip 2 Househusband Voice over Getting ready in the morning is the same rush for this family as it is for any other The only difference is Kirsty s parents have swapped traditional roles The mother the breadwinner the father part of a growing breed of men turned homemaker When four year old Kirsty was born it made sense to her father to look after her He enjoys it but now has the problem traditionally faced by mothers wanting to get back to work Man 1 As far as an employer is concerned your availability is very sporadic so you can t even start part time work or look for part time work with a view to getting full time work Voice over Conference organizers say parents like Kirsty s are increasingly put in the position where they do all or very little parenting They say by giving men more freedom to be with their children a crisis of fatherhood could be avoided Greg Oliver ITN Central London Voice over John Stanley is something of a statistical oddity a single father struggling to bring up his young son Mr Stanley from Corbey is one of only 2 of families run solely by men He is separated from his parents but unlike nine out of ten cases won custody of three year old Sean But while single moms may now be accepted as part of modern day life society it appears has been slower when it comes to dads 14 Man 2 What s the most difficult bit you seen to be isolated by yourself You don t seem part of a society no more Now people look at you a bit different you know like your dolls ground you and things like that Voice over Whatever father s statutory 成文法 rights many families are adopting an increasing egalitarian approach to their roles as parents In the Dixon s case they are now both breadwinners and both share the work of child caring Man 3 Before I thought if I m going to work she does all the housework and all the kids And if she went to work I would do everything But now we re both working and we both still do the work in the house Voice over Whoever the breadwinner few would argue nowadays that a man s place too can be at home Though when it comes to political correctness don t rely on the children Man 4 Who would you prefer your mommy or daddy staying at home Girl 1 Mommy Man 4 But daddy is all around isn t he Girl 1 I like mommy better cause mommy is nice Clip 3 Stepfamily 15 Voice ove