现在完成时与一般过去时的区别

现在完成时与一般过去时的区别 现在完成时与一般过去时都表示一个在过去完成的动作 它们属于不同时间的两种时态 现在完成时属于现在时态 的范畴 而一般过去时属于过去时态的范畴 下面我们先从构成形式上区别一下两种时态 现在完成时的动词形式为 have has 动词的过去分词 像 have has done 而一般过去时的动词形式为 动词 的过去式 像 did 例如 Jack s mother took him to school every day when he was in primary school 杰克在小学时他妈妈每天送他上学 Maria has never read any Chinese stories 玛利亚从未 读过中国故事 2 基本用法不同 对现在影响 持续到现在 正如前面所说 现在完成时是与现在有关的时态 属现在 时态的范畴 现在完成时与一般过去时最大的区别有两点 它侧重于过去的动作对现在造成的影响 而一般过去时是 一种过去时态 侧重于表示过去的动作 与现在无关 例如 Yesterday I went to the zoo 昨天我去了动物园 仅说明 昨天去了动物园 与现在无关 Li Lei has read the book 李磊已看过那本书 说明李磊 了解那本书的内容 另外 现在完成时还可以表示动作从过去某个时候开始一 直延续到现在 强调动作的延续性它常与 for 及 since 引导 的一段时间状语连用 例如 He has lived here for ten years 他已在这儿住了 10 年 了 比较 1 The Greens have worked in China since 1998 格林一家自 1998 年到现在一直在中国工作 The Greens worked in China in 1998 格林一家 1998 年 在中国工作 2 He has lived in the country for a long time 他在农 村生活了很长时间 现在还在农村 He lived in the country for a long time before he came to town 他进城前在农村生活了很长时间 3 She has bought a bicycle 她买了一辆自行车 现在 她有一辆自行车了 She bought a bicycle last year 去年她买了一辆自行车 4 He has won a prize for his invention 他因为他的发明而获奖了 He also won a prize last year 他去年也获奖了 注意 在与 for 及 since 引导的一段时间状语连用时 句子的谓语 动词必须是延续性动词 终止性动词不可和一段时间连用 例如 他当兵已三年了 误 He has become a soldier for three years 误 He joined the army for three years 正 He has been a soldier for three years 正 He has been in the army for three years 1 连用的时间状语不同 与现在完成时连用的时间状语除了上面所说明的由 since 和 for 引导的一段时间外还有 already yet still just so far in the last past before ever never 等 而一般过去 时则常与 ago yesterday last in 2000 just now 等连用 注意 现在完成时态不可与 yesterday last week two days ago 等之类的表示具体的过去时间的状语连用 例如 Have you ever picked flowers or stepped on the grass in the park 你曾在公园里摘过花或曾踩过草地吗 Father bought that watch ten years ago 爸爸 10 年前买了那块手表 I have never seen the film before 我以前没有看过这部影片 注意 在 when 引导的特殊疑问句中不可用现在完成时 而只可用一般过去时 例如 When did you visit Japan 你什么时候访问过日本 Exercises 同步练习 动词填空 1 saw I see Tom last Friday 2 Did go you go to the Great Wall last summer 3 When did you start start to live in China 5 The train leave already When the train leave 6 It is five years since I meet you last 7 Where you be for the last two weeks 8 I lose my pen in the bedroom I have to write with a pencil 单项选择 1 Where the recorder I can t see it anywhere I it right here But now it s gone A did you put have put B have you put put C had you put was putting D were you putting have put 2 My father here since he to this school A taught came B has taught came C taught has come D has taught has come 3 I am sorry you ve missed the train It 10 minutes ago 山东 A left B has left C has been left D had left 4 Hi Jim Nice to meet you again It s one year since I last you 重庆 A saw B see C seeing D have seen 5 Have you visited the Dinosaur World Elsa 宁波 Yes I it yesterday A have visited B had visited C visited D visit 6 Nice to see you I you for a long time 南京 I in Bejing I ve just come back A hadn t seen am B haven t seen was C didn t see will be D haven t seen shall be 7 What is the weather like this summer here There very little rain A has B has been C are D have been 8 When you your dictionary A did lose B has lost C will lose D does lose 9 Where you Which answer is not right A are going B have been C did go D are doing 10 There many great changes in my hometown since ten