高考英语一轮复习 阅读类训练（三）2.doc

山东金乡县2017高考英语阅读类一轮训练（三）完型填空。阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从以下题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。Every living thing in an ecosystem depends in some way upon other living and nonliving things in the ecosystem.The living things in an ecosystem are 1._ producers or consumers. Producers dont eat other living things. Producers make food. Green plants are called primary producers. Plants use nonliving nutrition，such as 2._ chemicals in soil and water to help them make food. They use energy in sunlight to make food. They also use carbon dioxide in air to make food.Consumers are animals eating 3._ living things. Animals 4._ _ only eat plants are called herbivores(食草动物)Herbivores are primary consumers. Rabbits，mice, 5._ planteating insects are primary consumers.Animals eating other animals are called carnivores(食肉动物)Carnivores 6._ bears and hawks are secondary consumers.Ecosystems also have decomposers(分解者)Decomposers break 7._dead plants，animals and animal wastes. They turn dead material and waste 8._ chemical nutrition. Plants take in the nutrition with their roots. They use the nutrition to make more food.【要点综述】 这是一篇说明文，介绍了生物圈里生物之间的依存关系。1either这里是eitheror的搭配。2thechemicals在这里表示特指，因为其被in soil and water修饰。3other消费者是吃其他的(other)生物的动物。4that/which引导定语从句，先行词为animals，指物用that或which。5andrabbit，mice和planteating insects之间是并列关系，所以要用and。6likelike是介词，作“如，像”讲。7downbreak down是固定短语，意为“分解”，通常指化学变化。8intoturninto把变成阅读理解。阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。US researchers have found traces of an ancient lake on Mars recently，increasing hopes of discovering evidence that billions of years ago the Red planet hosted life.The lake，which dates back some 3.4 billion years，appears to have covered as much as 80 square miles and was up to 1,500 feet deep，said the team from the University of Colorado.“This is the first clear evidence of shorelines on the surface of Mars，”said Boulder s research associate，Gaetano Di Achille，in a study published in the latest edition of Geophysical Rese arch Letters.“The identification of the shorelines and accompanying geological evidence allows us to calculate the size and volume of the lake，which appears to have formed about 3.4 billion years ago.”Analysis of the images has shown the water carved out the canyon(溪谷)in which it was found，which then opened out into a valley depositing(使淤积)sediment(沉积)which formed a delta(三角洲)“Finding shorelines is a great discovery to us，”said assistant professor Brian Hynek，adding it showed the lake existed at a time when Mars was thought to have been cold and dry.Scientists believe the oldest surfaces on Mars formed during the wet and warm era known as the Noachan epoch，about 4.1 billion to 3.7 billion years ago.The newly discovered lake is believed to date from the Hesperian era and postdates the end of the warm and wet period on Mars by 300 million years，according to the study.Scientists believe deltas next to the lake may well hold secrets about past life on Mars as such places on Earth have become the natural deposits of organic carbon and other markers of life.1. The size of the lake found on Mars is_.A80 square milesB1,500 square milesC3.4 billion square milesD300 million square miles答案：A细节理解题。根据第二段中“The lake，which dates back some 3.4 billion years，appears to have covered as much as 80 square miles”一句，可推知答案。2. When the lake existed，the weather on Mars was _.Ahot and wet Bwet and warmCcold and dry Dcold and wet答案：C细节理解题。根据第六段中it showed the lake existed at a time when Mars was thought to have been cold and dry知，答案为C。3. Why do scientists think deltas near the lake may hold secrets about past life on Mars?A. Because similar places on Earth have become natural deposits of markers of life.BBecause someone has put secrets about past life on Mars there.CBecause past life has been found in other deltas on Mars.DBecause some people are said to have already seen life marks there.答案：A 细节理解题。由原文最后一句可直接找到答案。4. Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage? AThe Noachan epoch was a wet and warm era.BThe lake might have existed 3 .4 billion years.CThe discovery can t fully prove that the Mars once hosted life.DThe lake traces prove that there exists life on Mars now.答案：D 推理判断题。由第一段内容可知火星上湖岸线的发现只是增加了人们发现亿万年前火星上曾经存在生命证据的可能性，但并不能推出火星上现在有生命。阅读理解 Feel tired lately?Has a doctor said he cant find anything wrong with you?Perhaps he sends you to a hospital,but all the advanced equipment there shows there is nothing wrong with you. Then,consider this:you might be in a state of sub-health(亚健康). Sub-health,also called the third state or gray state,is explained as borderline state between health and disease. According to the investigation by the National Organization,over 45 percent of sub-health people are middle-aged or elderly.The percentage is even higher among people who work in management positions as well as students around exam-week. Symptoms(征兆)include a lack of energy,depression,slow reactions,insomnia(失眠),agitation, and poor memory.Other symptoms include shortness of breath,sweating and aching in the waist and legs. The key to preventing and recovering from sub-health,according to some medical experts,is to form good living habits, alternate work and rest, exercise regularly,and take part in open air activities. As for meals,people are advised to eat less salt and sugar.They should also eat more fresh vegetables,fruits,fish because they are rich in nutritional elementsvitamins and trace elements(微量元素)that are important to the body. Nutrition experts point out that it is not good to eat too much at one meal because it may cause unhealthy changes in the digestive tract(消化道).They also say that a balanced diet is very helpful in avoiding sub-health.36.When you are in a state of sub-health,you should _.A.stay home and keep silentB.go to a doctor and buy some medicineC.not consider it very seriousD.find out the reasons and relax yourself提示:从全文可以看出，亚健康是身体对压力、疲劳的一种反应，即使最先进的仪器也查不出病因。所以不必去医院，也不必吃药，但是不能听之任之，不认真对待。正确的方法是找出原因、减轻压力、消除疲劳、平衡膳食。答案:D37.Middle-aged people may be easy to get sub-health because _.A.they have used up their energyB.they have lost their living hopesC.they have more pressure in life and workD.they have changed their way of life提示:亚健康的起因与疲劳有关系，但不是已将体力用完，排除A项。B、D两项文章没涉及。根据常识和第四段最后一句，我们也能判断正确答案为C项。答案:C38.The key to preventing you from falling into a state of sub-health is to _.A. keep on working regularly B. go to sleep a bit earlierC. form good living habits D. take medicine if necessary答案:C 文章倒数第三段第一句“is to form good living habits”39.The underlined word “alternate” in this passage is closest in meaning to _.A. arrange by turns B. cause to take placeC. make up for D. keep away from答案:A 从文中可看出：形成好的生活习惯，要劳逸结合，即轮流工作与休息阅读理解-AThe pound new Library of Birmingham（LoB）will be the most visible sign of the way the city is accepting the digitalization（数字化）of everyday life.Set to open in 2013, the 188 m LoB is already beginning to tale shape next to the Birmingham Repertory Theatre, with which it will share some equipment.As digital media（媒介）is important to its idea. the project is already providing chances for some of the many small new local companies working at the new technologies.Brian Gambles, the LoB project director, says it is about giving people the right tools for learning, “The aim is to mix the physical with the digital. Providing 24-hour services which can be used through many different ways. It is important to enable us to reach more people, more effectively.”The digital library will, he says, be as important as the physical one, allowing the distant use of the services, making sure that it is never closed to the public.Even before the LoB is complete, the public has been able to go online to visit the Virtual（虚拟的）LoB, designed by Baden, the Birmingham virtual worlds specialists. Not only have the public been able to learn about LoB, but the virtual one has also enabled those working on the LoB to understand the building and how it will work before it even opens.Two other small Birmingham-based digital companies are working on the LoB projects. Substrat, a digital design company, is developing what it calls “enlarge reality” project. It is about the use of an exciting smart phone, an important part of the LoB which is in the early stages of development is an online library of figures of the city being built by a digital content company in Cahoots, in which users will be encouraged to add to and comment on the material. Gambles says: “Technology will enable us to make the librarys content and services open to citizens as sever before.”( ) 1. The underline part “its idea” in Paragraph 3 refers to the idea of_. A. the equipment B. the projectC. the digital media D. the physical library( ) 2. While visiting the Virtual LoB, the public can_. A. get a general idea of the LoBB. meet many world-famous expertsC. learn how to put up a library buildingD. understand how the specialists work on the project( ) 3. Which of the following is true of the LoB when it opens? a. It offers better learning toolsb. It reaches users in different waysc. It provides users with smart phoned. It allows users to enrich its materiale. It gives non-stop physical and digital servicesA. a, b, d B. a, c, e C. b, c, d D. b, d, e( ) 4. This text is most probably taken from .A. a put book B. a library guideC. a handbook D. a newspaper report【答案与解析】【要点综述】本篇文章为新闻报道类文体。文章报道了Library of Birmingham（伯明翰图书馆）将会投巨资改建成一个全新的数字化图书馆的事情。1B词义推断题。通过分析单词所在的这个句子，可知its（它的）指代的是主句中的主语“这个工程的”，its idea便是指the idea of the project。2A细节理解题。根据第6段第2句“Not only have the public been able to learn about LoB, but the virtual one has also enabled those working on the LoB to understand the building and how it will work before it even opens.”可知答案为A。B、C、D说法均有误。3A细节理解题。根据第4段“it is about giving people the right tools for learning”， “which can be used through many different ways”及第7段“in which users will be encouraged to add to and comment on the material”可知。4D推理判断题。文章首段便简明地概括了文章主题，全文体现较明显的及时性，这是新闻类文体的典型特征，据此可判断文章应来源于一篇新闻报道。阅读理解 “Experience may possibly be the best teacher, but it is not a particularly good teacher.” You might think that Winston Churchill or perhaps Mark Twain spoke those words, but they actually come from James March, a professor at Stanford University and a pioneer in the field of organization decision making. For years March( possibly be wisest philosopher of management) has studied how humans think and act, and he continues to do so in his new book The Ambiguities of Experience.He begins by reminding us of just how firmly we have been sticking to the idea of experiential learning :“Experience is respected；experience is sought；experience is explained.” The problem is that learning from experience involves（涉及）serious complications（复杂化），ones that are part of the nature of experience itself and which March discusses in the body of this book.In one interesting part of book，for example，he turns a double eye toward the use of stories as the most effective way of experiential learning. He says “The more accurately（精确的）reality is presented，the less understandable the story，and the more understandable the story, the less realistic it is.”Besides being a broadly knowledgeable researcher. March is also a poet, and his gift shines though in the depth of views he offers and the simple language he uses. Though the book is short, it is demanding；Dont pick it up looking for quick, easy lessons. Rather, be ready to think deeply about learning from experience in work and life.( ) 1. According to the text, James March is _. A. a poet who uses experience in his writingB. a teacher who teachers story writing in universityC. a researcher who studies the way humans think and actD. a professor who helps organizations make important decisions( ) 2. According to James March, e