高考英语一轮复习 文章综合阅读九月选编21.doc

江西吉安市2017高考英语文章综合阅读九月选编【由浙江省金华十校2014高考英语模拟试题改编】完形填空。阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从2140各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将选项标号涂黑。 How far would you walk to learn about something that interested you? When he was young, Jacob Lawrence often walked more than sixty 1 from his home in the Harlem section of New York City to the Metropolitan Museum of ArtJacob wanted to be a（n） 2 ，and he believed that studying the famous paintings 3 in that museum would help himIt was 1930,when many people were out of work, money was 4 and people suffered a lotStill the streets were 5 with energy and colorAs he walked through Harlem, Jacob looked hard at the people, the churches, and barbershops and so onHe 6 those images in his mind, along with the images of paintings he saw in the 7 Jacob came from a poor familyHis mother believed there was little chance 8 her son could grow up to be a successful painterShe wanted him to aim for something more 9 But Jacobs teacher, Alston, in an art program saw that he was talentedAlston 10 him how to use paints to make stage setsAs time passed, Alston let Jacob rent work space in his own studio That was an exciting place for a young black man 11 to become an artistMany creative people 12 there to talk about art, literature and historyFrom their 13 ,Jacob learned that history books often 14 the accomplishments of African AmericansHe decided to paint a sel1es of pictures describing the story of a black heroHe 15 Toussaint, who had helped free his people 16 French rulingMany people admired Jacobs pictures, but he needed 17 admirationTo help his family, he often had to work at jobs that 18 him away from paintingThen something encouraging happenedAn artist named Augusta got Jacob a jobFor eighteen months, Jacob was given a 19 to paint pictures For the first time, he felt like a 20 artist1A stepsB blocksC buildingsD avenues2A artistB tutorC scholarD official3A swingingB existingC hangingD twisting4A blankB looseC toughD tight5A linedB decoratedC associatedD filled6A storedB receivedC createdD remembered7A museumB studioC churchD street8A whetherB whichC thatD when9A preciousB practicalC standardD flexible10A recommendedB remindedC providedD showed11A hesitatingB strugglingC marchingD participating12A settledB wanderedC gatheredD rushed13A experiencesB performancesC accentsD conversations14A acknowledgedB accusedC ignoredD witnessed15A choseB acceptedC countedD employed16A againstB fromC forD with17A more thanB rather thanC other thanDless than18A brokeB gaveC permittedD took19A awardB titleC salaryD prize20A permanentB popularC positiveD professional【参考答案】120、BACDD AACBD BCDCA BADCD（2016高考训练）阅读下列材料，从每题所给的选项中选出最佳选项。体裁：说明文话题：时间的快与慢词数：320时间：5Time and how we experience it have always puzzled us.Physicists have created_fascinating theories,but their time_is_measured_by_a_pendulum_(钟摆) and is not_psychological time,_which_leaps_with_little_regard_to_the_clock_or_calendar.As someone who understood the distinction observed, “When you sit with a nice girl for two hours it seems like a minute, but when you sit on a hot stove, a minute seems like two hours.”Psychologists have long noticed that larger units of time, such as months and years, fly on swifter wings as we age.They also note that the more time is structured with schedules and appointments, the more rapidly it seems to pass.For example, a days at the office flies compared with a days at the beach.Since most of us spend fewer day at the beach and more at the office as we age, an increase in structured time could well be to blame for why time seems to speed up as we grow older.Expectation and familiarity also make time seem to flow more rapidly.Almost all of us have had the experience of driving somewhere weve never been before.Surrounded by unfamiliar scenery, with no idea of when well arrive, we experience the trip for a long time.But the return trip, although exactly as long, seems to take far less time.The novelty of the journey has become routine.Thus, taking a different route sometimes can often help slow the clock.When days become as similar as beads (小珠子) on a string, they mix together, and even months become a single day.To handle this, try to find ways to interrupt the structure of your dayto stop time.Learning something new is one of the ways to slow the passing of time.One of the reasons the days of our youth seems so full and long is that these are the days of learning and discovery.For many of us, learning ends when we leave school, but this doesnt have to be.【语篇解读】文章先讲述了人们感受到的时间快慢与物理上的时间是有所不同的，并举例说明，且提出了一些能“减缓”时间的办法。1The underlined sentence in Paragraph 1 is used to show _A. physical time is different from psychological timeBtime should not be measured by a pendulumCpsychological time is quite puzzlingDphysical theory has nothing to do with the true sense of time答案A细节理解题。画线部分说明物理学家理解的时间是靠钟摆测量的，并不是我们心理上感受到时间，我们心理感受到的时间基本与表或日历无关，所以说物理上的时间与心理上的时间是不同的。2Why do units of time fly faster as we grow older?AOur sense of time changes.BWe spend less time at the beach.CWe have too many appointments.DMore time is structured and scheduled.答案D细节理解题。由第二段最后一句可知“随着我们的成长，我们觉得时间过得越来越快其实是因为我们的计划好的时间增多了”，故选D。3In Paragraph 3 “novelty” probably means _Aunfamiliarity BexcitementCimagination Damusement答案A词义猜测题。由第三段第二句可知，这条路我们从来没来过，所以是陌生的。4Which statement is TRUE according to the article?AExpectation makes time seem to run slowly.BSitting with a pretty girl always makes time flow fast.CA day at the office is longer than a day at the beach.DLearning a new language is a good way to slow time.答案D细节理解题。由最后一段第一句可知“学习一些新的东西是减缓时间的一种方法”，故选D。5The purpose of the passage is to _Adescribe how we experience time psychologicallyBexplain why time flies and how to slow it down psychologicallyCshow the different ideas of physicists and psychologists on timeDgive various explanations about time答案B主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章前半部分解释了人们对时间有不同的心理感受，为什么有时人们感到时间过得很快，后半部分告诉我们“减缓”时间的方法。可以看出文章的写作目的是为了向人们解释为什么感觉时间过得很快，以及如何减缓心理感受时间。阅读理解 Some of Beijing Zoos animals are suffering menu changes because of the bird flu spread in Asia.Gone are the lions and tigers delightful “live” chicken dinners. In their menu , instead , are raw beef and mutton. While the lions and tigers go chickenless, the zoos birds are also receiving some special and uncomfortable treatment these days. The peacocks in Badaling Safari Animal World, who used to be featured in the park and could walk around showing off their beautiful feathers, now are forced to stay in cages.And turkeys at the Beijing Zoobelieved to be most likely to suffer from the bird flu virus have been moved out of their old home to places separate from visitors. In most cases, display areas with birds have been closed for health reasons.Yet a good thing about the present situation is that the living conditions of the zoos birds are being improved , with keepers keeping the display areas cleaner and not as crowded as before . Almost all zoos have done more frequent cleaning and disinfection for bird cages measures to prevent infection.In this special period , pigeons（鸽子）are frowned upon . In Beijing , many homing pigeon lovers use balconies （阳台）to build cages for birds . Most neighbours are fed up with these cages since they can produce waste and feathers . Now the citys homing pigeon organization is asking all its members to stop letting pigeons out of their cages and keep cages clean. Still, pigeons and some other birds seem less lovely to people than before.As a Chinese newspaper put it : “Doves , are you still angels ?”1. Which of the following shows the menu changes in the Beijing Zoo?A. The lions and tigers have “live” chicken dinners.B. The lions and tigers eat raw beef and mutton.C. The lions and tigers have chickens only for supper.D. The lions and tigers have beef and mutton for part of meals.答案解析：答案为B。本题为细节题。从第二段第一、二句 “Gone are the lions and tigers delightful “live” chicken dinners. In their menu , instead , are raw beef and mutton.”可知，狮子和老虎不再享受活鸡的美餐，而是吃生牛肉和羊肉。故答案为B。2. We can conclude from the text that .A. turkeys have been moved out of the zoo because of the bird flu virus B. peacock shows used to be free of charge C. people can hardly see peacock shows in the Beijing Zoo now D. homing pigeons are safe from the bird flu virus 答案解析：答案为C。本题为细节推理题。从第二段的最后一句话 “The peacocks in Badaling Safari Animal World, now are forced to stay in cages.”可知，孔雀现在被关在笼子里，因此人们几乎在北京动物园看不到它们了。故答案为C。3. The underlined sentence in the text means “ ”.A. pigeons receive the best care B. people are worried about pigeons C. people feel displeased with pigeons D. people show no interest in pigeons 答案解析：答案为C。本题为句意推断题。本句出现在倒数第二段的首句，也是该段的中心句（topic sentence）。结合后文 “Most neighbours are fed up with these cages . Still, pigeons and some other birds seem less lovely to people than before”可知，人们受够了鸽子，并且鸽子和其他的鸟儿也似乎没有以往那么可爱了。这些细节都是在证明首句的中心句，表达的意思是人们对鸽子感到不愉快。故答案为C。阅读理解 Chemicals used for industrial processes often create dangerous forms of waste. The amount of these chemicals has risen heavily in the past few years, as more areas of the world industrialize and new products are produced. Over 80,000 different chemicals are used in industries world-wide. Around the world hundreds of millions of tons of harmful waste are produced each year. Often, it is difficult and expensive to get rid of these chemicals or to store them in a way that does not endanger human life and the environment.Every year, major health problems result from harmful waste. Sadly, it is often after someone has died or, become seriously ill that governments will take actions and reduce levels of dumped（倾倒的）harmful waste. In 1989, a school in New Jersey had to be closed because students there had suffered too much exposure（暴露）to chromium（铬）. It was later learned that large amounts of chromium had been dumped nearby and blown over to the school area.Research has been done to provide information on the effects of every chemical. Because waste chemicals often mix together, it will also be necessary to learn how the combinations of these chemicals affect human health.Some governments have realized how serious the problem is and are making laws to get rid of harmful waste. They are also trying to limit the amount of waste industries are allowed to produce.Not only governments but the public as well must form part of the solution. They can choose not to buy those products which require the production of harmful waste, attempt to affect policymakers, and produce less harmful waste themselves. Many scientists think that waste production can be cut. The waste can be reduced by at least one-third using existing technologies and methods.1. What is mainly discussed in the text?A. The effect of every chemical.B. Problems of harmful waste.C. Chemicals used for industrial processes.D. Events related to waste chemicals.答案解析：答案为B。本题为主旨大意题。文章先陈述工业生产过程中使用化学物产生的有害垃圾所导致的问题，并举例证明，最后探讨解决这一问题的方案。在第一段的首句 “Chemicals used for industrial processes often create dangerous forms of waste.”和最后一句 “Often, it is difficult and expensive to get rid of these chemicals or to store them in a way that does not endanger human life and the environment.”都是在指出有害垃圾这一严峻的问题。故答案为B。2. From the text we know that .A. chromium can poison people when there is a wind B. chromium pollution makes the local government close the school C. some governments dont realize how serious the problems are until people suffer a lot from harmful waste D. about two-thirds of the waste can pollute the environment 答案解析：答案为C。本题为细节推理题。从第二段的第三句话 “In 1989, a school in New Jersey had to be closed because students there had suffered too much exposure（暴露）to chromium（铬）.”可知，学校不得不被迫关闭是由于学生暴露在倾倒的垃圾铬之中，生命受到了威胁，故答案为C “ 直到人们饱受有害废弃垃圾的危害，政府才意识到问题的严重性。B选项只是文章的细节，属于表面现象；C选项真正概括了问题的本质，是通过细节推理出的总结性答案。故选C。从第二段的最后一句话 “It was later learned that large amounts of chromium had been dumped nearby and blown over to the school area.”可知，铬威胁着人的生命是由于 “dumped nearby and blown over” 即 “倾倒而被风吹拂”, 而不仅仅由于风，故A选项错误。D选项与文章最后一句话 “The waste can be reduced by