高考英语一轮复习 阅读理解选练（一）61.doc

河南孟津县2017高考英语一轮阅读理解选练（一）（2016高考训练）阅读下列材料，从每题所给的选项中选出最佳选项。体裁：科普文话题：科学世界词数：360时间：8Several years after it was introduced to the world，the advanced Japanese robot Asimo is still serving only as an experimentation.Even if available for the market，it would be too expensive for ordinary families.It is much easier and cheaper to build a robot like Jibo，which uses simple movements and has the ability to interact with people through sound，pictures and touch.Massachusetts Institute of Technology researcher Cynthia Breazeal created Jibo first as a tool for exploring how people communicate with technology.“Jibo as a robot is something that can move，with cameras that can move and see you and interact with you like a living thing，so to speak.It can bring satisfaction to life off the screen in an entirely new way，” explained Brezeal.Jibo can remind you about appointments，take photos，entertain people and tell stories to children.It also has touchsensitive(触感的) technology.“People often communicate through touch，so they might pat Jibo if it does something that they like and Jibo can actually learn from that，” said Breazeal.Doctors at Amici di Nico Autism Center，in Lecce，Italy，use a small talking robot to treat autistic (孤独症) children.11-year-old Marco has shown great improvement in focusing and communication since he started playing with the robot that carefully keeps track of the childs behavior，said engineer Giuseppe Palestra.“We would like to be one step ahead of state of the art，so that we can make the humanrobot interaction better，” said Palestra.Researchers say they want to develop robots that can be programmed for individual patients，because each child reacts differently to outside information.French researcher Pierre Lebeaus family robot Keecker was designed as an entertainment robot that can follow its owner around.“I came up with the idea of a computer with a projector (投影仪) inside and a great sound system and a camera，something that can move and go to any room to give me a kind of TVlike experience，but anywhere I want without the cables(电缆)，”said Lebeau.Researchers say robots intended for entertainment may soon be on the market with prices ranging from about $500 to $5，000still expensive for ordinary buyers.Medical robots are still in the experimental period but they too point to what we can expect from artificial intelligence (人工智能) in the near future.【语篇解读】民用机器人有望在不久的将来走入普通家庭。1Asimo hasnt come on the market mainly because it _Ais too expensiveBlacks too many functionsCneeds improvementDis actually not a success答案C推理判断题。根据第一段“.the advanced Japanese robot Asimo is still serving only as an experimentation.”可知，这个机器人仍处于实验阶段，由此可推知它还需要改进。2What do you know about Jibo?AIt was created for experiments.BIt is the first family robot.CIt is sold only within Japan.DIt is equipped with a projector.答案A细节理解题。根据第三段“.created Jibo first as a tool for exploring how people communicate with technology.”可知，机器人Jibo是为了实验而被制造出来的。3According to researchers，medical robots _Ahave been put into use widelyBshould be more individualCstill can t interact with humansDshould have some character of art答案B细节理解题。根据倒数第四段内容可知，研究者认为机器人应该被改进得更适合个体病人。4Which robots could people probably buy on the market first?ARobots for treatment.BRobots made in Japan.CRobots as a waitress.DRobots for entertainment.答案D细节理解题。根据最后一段“Researchers say robots intended for entertainment may soon be on the market.”可知，最先投放市场的有可能是用于娱乐的机器人。高考英语冲刺阅读理解。请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。Wugging, or web use giving, describes the act of giving to charity at no cost to the user. By using Everyclick. com, which is being added to a number of university computers across the UK this week, students can raise money every time they search, but it wont cost them a penny.Research shows that students are enthusiastic about supporting charity, 88% of full time students have used the Internet to give to charity. This figure is high, considering this age group is often the least likely to have disposable(可支配的)income. 19% of 22 to 24 years old have short-term debts of more than 5，000. With rising personal debt levels in this age group, due to university tuition fees or personal loans and a lack of long-term savings, traditional methods of donating to charity are often not appealing or possible.Beth Truman, a 21-year-old recent university graduate has used Everyclick. com to donate to her chosen charity, the RSPCA, for two years and has seen thewuggingmovement grow popular with students. “When youre at university you become more socially aware, but its sometimes hard to give to others when you have little money yourself.” says Beth. “Wugging is great for people in this age group as it allows them to use the technology on a daily basis to give it to charity, without costing them a single penny.”Wugging is perfect for people who want to be more socially aware and supportive but dont feel they have the means to do so. Students using the web can generate money for causes they care about without it costing them anything in terms of time or money, and charities get a valuable source of funding.Everyclick. com works like any other search engine, allowing users to search for information, news and images but users can identify which of the UKs 170，000 charities they would like to support through their clicks. Everyclick. com then makes monthly payments to every registered charity. Launched in June 2005 Everyclick. com is now the eighth largest search engine and one of the busiest charity websites in the UK.1. According to the passage Everyclick. com contributes to charity_. A. without taking any money from usersB. by receiving money from studentsC. by directly offering information to studentsD. by advertising on their website答案解析：答案为A。本题为细节题。由第一段最后一句话 “students can raise money every time they search, but it wont cost them a penny.” 和第三段最后一句话 “Wugging is great for people in this age group as it allows them to use the technology on a daily basis to give it to charity, without costing them a single penny.” 可知，Everyclick. Com对慈善事业作贡献不收取捐助人的费用，故答案为A。2. How does Beth Truman think of the“wugging”movement? A. It makes Everyclick. com popular in the UK.B. It makes giving to charity easy.C. It is a common way to promote the studentssocial awareness.D. It stresses the importance of charity in peoples daily lives. 答案解析：答案为B。本题为细节推理题。由第三段最后一句话 “as it allows them to use the technology on a daily basis to give it to charity, without costing them a single penny.” 可知，答案为B。3. From the passage, we can conclude that _. A. more full time students contribute to charity on the Internet every dayB. Everyclick. com helps students pay for the college educationC. “wugging”is a win-win idea for both students and charitiesD. E is the most successful search engine in the UK 答案解析：答案为C。本题为推理题。由倒数第二段 “Students using the web can generate money for causes they care about without it costing them anything in terms of time or money, and charities get a valuable source of funding.”可知，学生可以依靠该网站为慈善事业捐钱而不花费时间或金钱，慈善事业也可以得到珍贵的基金源，该网站为学生和慈善事业创造了双赢，故答案为C。4. What would be the best title for this passage? A. “Wugging”, A New Popular Term on the InternetB. British People Show Strong Interest in CharitiesC. More Britain Charities Benefit from the InternetD. Students Raise Money for Charity by“Wugging” 答案解析：答案为D。本题考查文章的标题。通读全文可知，“Wugging” 、“Students”和“Charity”是全文话题的三个主要要素，故标题为D选项，最能概括全文的大意。高考英语冲刺阅读理解。请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。Researchers in the field of psychology have found that one of the best ways to make an important decision, such as choosing a university to attend or a business to invest in, involves the use of a decision worksheet. Psychologists who study optimization（最佳化）compare the actual decisions made by people to theoretical ideal decisions to see how similar they are. Advocates of the worksheet procedure believe that it will yield optimal, that is, the best decisions. Although there are several variations on the exact format（格式）that worksheets can take, they are all similar in their essential aspects. Worksheets require defining the problem in a clear way and then listing all possible solutions to the problem. Next, the related considerations that will be affected by each decision are listed, and the relative importance of each consideration or consequence is determined. Each consideration is assigned a numerical value to reflect its relative importance. A decision is mathematically calculated by adding these values together. The alternative with the highest number of points emerges as the best decision. Since most important problems are multifaceted(多方面的)，there are several alternatives to choose from, each with unique advantages and disadvantages. One of the benefits of a pencil and paper decision-making procedure is that it permits people to deal with more variables than their minds can generally comprehend and remember. On the average, people can keep about seven ideas in their minds at once. A worksheet can be especially useful when the decision involves a large number of variables with complex relationships. A realistic example for many college students is the question “What will I do after graduation?” A graduate might seek a position that offers specialized training, pursue an advanced degree, or travel abroad for a year. A decision-making worksheet begins with a clear statement of the problem that will also help to narrow it. It is important to be clear about the distinction between long-range and immediate goals because long-range goals often involve a different decision than short-range ones. Focusing on long-range goals, a graduating student might revise the question above to “What will I do after graduation that will lead to successful career?”1. What does the passage mainly discuss?A. A tool to assist in making complex decisions.B. A comparison of actual decisions and ideal decisions.C. Research on how people make decisions.D. Difference between long-range and short-range decision-making.答案解析：答案为A。本题为主旨大意题。文章第一段开头就点出了讨论的话题 “Researchers in the field of psychology have found that one of the best ways to make an important decision, involves the use of a decision worksheet.”，帮助做重要决定的决策工作表，故答案为A。2. Of the following steps, which occurs before the three other steps in making a decision worksheet?A. Listing the consequences of each solution.B. Calculating a numerical summary of each solution.C. Deciding which consequences are most important.D. Writing down all possible solutions.答案解析：答案为D。本题为细节题。由第一段 “Although there are several variations on the exact format that worksheets can take, they are all similar in their essential aspects.”可知，尽管决策工作表在格式上有不同之处，但是他们在本质方面是类似的。文章接下来就对制作决策工作表的步骤进行了介绍 “Worksheets require defining the problem in a clear way and then listing all possible solutions to the problem. Next, ” 可以推断，第一步就是定义问题并列举所有解答问题的方法，因此答案为D。3. According to decision-making worksheet theory, an optimal decision is defined as one that _.A. has the fewest variables to considerB. uses the most decision worksheetsC. has the most points assigned to itD. is agreed to by the greatest number of people答案解析：答案C。本题为细节推理题。由第一段 “Advocates of the worksheet procedure believe that it will yield optimal, that is, the best decisions.”和“The alternative with the highest number of points emerges as the best decision.”两句话，可知最佳决策是得分最高的那个，因此答案为C。4. The author develops the discussion in para. 1 by means of _.A. describing a processB. classifying types of worksheetsC. providing historical backgroundD. explaining a theory答案解析：答案为A。本题为推理题。结合前面第2、3题的分析可知，作者在第一段开始介绍了决策工作表，后面的内容陈述了决策工作表的制定步骤，因此答案为A。B选项“对决策工作表分类“；C选项“提供历史背景”；D选项“解释一种理论”，显然都不是作者的写作手法，均不选。5. The author states that “On the average, people can keep about seven ideas in their minds at once” in the last paragraph to explain that _.A. most decisions involve seven stepsB. human mental capacity has limitationsC. some people have difficulty making minor as well as major decisionsD. people can keep more than seven ideas in their minds with practice答案解析：答案为B。本题为句意理解题。结合该句子的上下文 “One of the benefits of a pencil and paper decision-making procedure is that it permits people to deal with more variables than their minds can generally comprehend and remember. On the average, people can keep about seven ideas in their minds at once. A worksheet can be especially useful when the decision involves a large number of variables with complex relationships.” 可知，决策工作表的一个优点就是比起人的大脑一般可以理解和记住的东西来说，它可以处理更多的多样性，一般来说人的大脑一次能有七个想法，然而，当牵涉到很多个不一样的决策、并且它们之间关系比较复杂的时候，决策工作表特别有用。因此作者说人的大脑一次能有七个想法意在表明人的大脑的能力有限。故答案为B。阅读理解。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。MUMBAI, India The children in their party clothes on the stage were very excited when they received the award. And the two of them said, Its unbelievable!Nine-year-old Rubina Ali, and Azharuddin Ismail, 10, were living a very different life and apparently loving every minute of it. The two, some of the child stars of the Oscar-winning Slumdog Millionaire (贫民窟的百万富翁)movie, know the Indian slums very well. That was where they grew up, and it is where they will return at the end of their Hollywood dream trip.But before going back home, there was an interview with the host, Ryan Seacrest. During the interview they smiled and repeated their disbelief at what was happening to them. To their surprise, their movie won the first place in the Oscars. When the two received the award, it was late morning in the childrens home city of Mumbai, where their family, friends and many fellow residents of the slums watched the results from Hollywood. I dont really know what the Oscars are, Rubinas mother said. Im just glad my daughter looks happy, though she told me she missed Indian food.Our children lead a dogs life, Rubinas mother said, pointing