大学体验英语视听说教程4-U6ppt课件.ppt

大学体验英语视听说教程 第四册 1 UNIT6 PsychologicalHealth 2 TheConstitutiononlyguaranteestheAmericanpeopletherighttopursuehappiness Youhavetocatchityourself BenjaminFranklin 3 BackgroundInformation UnitOverview Lesson1 Lesson2 SupplementaryReading Agenda Homelistening 4 Modernlifeisfullofhassles deadlines frustrations anddemands Formanypeople stressissocommonplacethatithasbecomeawayoflife Long termexposuretostresscanleadtoserioushealthproblems notonlyphysicallybutalsopsychologically Inthisunit studentswillbeintroducedtotheimportanceofpsychologicalhealthandwaystoachieveitthroughlistening watchingandreading Variousactivitieswillinspirethestudentstotalkaboutwaystocopewithstressandtobehappybyusingthewordsandexpressionsinthisunit Andfinally theywillconductapollon StressonCampus withtheirpeers UnitOverview 5 BackgroundInformation Stressisn talwaysbad Insmalldoses itcanhelpyouperformunderpressureandmotivateyoutodoyourbest Butwhenyou reconstantlyrunninginemergencymode yourmindandbodypaytheprice Stressisanormalphysicalresponsetoeventsthatmakeyoufeelthreatenedorupsetyourbalanceinsomeway Whenyousensedanger whetherit srealorimagined thebody sdefenseskickintohighgearinarapid automaticprocessknownasthe fight or flight reaction orthestressresponse Thestressresponseisthebody swayofprotectingyou Whenworkingproperly ithelpsyoustayfocused energetic andalert Inemergencysituations stresscansaveyourlife givingyouextrastrengthtodefendyourself forexample orspurringyoutoslamonthebrakestoavoidanaccident Thestressresponsealsohelpsyourisetomeetchallenges Stressiswhatkeepsyouonyourtoesduringapresentationatwork sharpensyourconcentrationwhenyou reattemptingthegame winningfreethrow ordrivesyoutostudyforanexamwhenyou dratherbewatchingTV 6 Butbeyondacertainpoint stressstopsbeinghelpfulandstartscausingmajordamagetoyourhealth yourmood yourproductivity yourrelationships andyourqualityoflife Thebodydoesn tdistinguishbetweenphysicalandpsychologicalthreats Whenyou restressedoverabusyschedule anargumentwithafriend atrafficjam oramountainofbills yourbodyreactsjustasstronglyasifyouwerefacingalife or deathsituation Ifyouhavealotofresponsibilitiesandworries youremergencystressresponsemaybe on mostofthetime Themoreyourbody sstresssystemisactivated theeasieritistotripandtheharderitistoshutoff Long termexposuretostresscanleadtoserioushealthproblems Chronicstressdisruptsnearlyeverysysteminyourbody Itcanraisebloodpressure suppresstheimmunesystem increasetheriskofheartattackandstroke contributetoinfertility andspeeduptheagingprocess Long termstresscanevenrewirethebrain leavingyoumorevulnerabletoanxietyanddepression 7 Manyhealthproblemsarecausedorexacerbatedbystress including PainofanykindHeartdiseaseDigestiveproblemsSleepproblemsDepressionObesityAutoimmunediseasesSkinconditions suchaseczema 8 LessonOne Lead in Audiostudio Videostudio Speakingworkshop Projectbulletin 9 Lead in Task1 Task2 Task3 10 Task1DescribingthePicture Describethepicturesfirstandthendiscussthestressfulsituationsinmodernlife Howdothefollowingpeoplelook Whatmayhavecausedthemtolookthatway Haveyouexperiencedsuchstateofmind 11 Task2ReflectingontheReading 1 HowdifferentlydidtheremainingBellLabsexecutivesperformaccordingtothestudyconductedbyDrSalvatoreMaddiandhisteam ReadthroughtheSupplementaryReadingpassageonpage139 andanswerthefollowingquestions Answer Itispossibletolearntheseattitudesofdealingwithstress Answer Onegroupofthemdevelopedsevereperformanceproblemsandhealthissuesoverthenextfewyears theothergroupremainedhealthy enthusiasticandperformedwellatwork 2 WhatdoesthecaseofSmitha theairhostess tellus 12 3 WhatdidthestudyconductedbyDrsDacherKeltnerandLeeAnneHarkerreveal Answer Ahappydispositionisoneofthebetterpredictorsofhealth 4 Whydidtheauthorsay Inourbusyworld weneedtomaketimeanddemonstrateloveandaffectiontoourchildren Answer Studiesshowthatchildrenneedthistogrowhappilyandhealthily 5 WhatdidWriterWilliamHelmreichdeemanimportantfactorinthethousandsofJews buildingagoodlifeaftertheyhadsurvivedtheGermandeathandtorturefactoriesandmovedtoAmerica Answer Tofindmeaningintheirexperienceand interprettheirsurvivalinawaytogivemeaningtotherestoftheirlives 13 Task3ExpandingYourVocabulary thedegreetowhichathingextendsB apersonwithspecialknowledge skillortraininginsth C beingpartofsth orconnectedwithsth D unwillinglyE allthetime repeatedlyF alwaysbusydoingthings especiallyphysicalactivities Readthroughthewordsintheleft handcolumn andmatcheachofthemwiththeappropriatemeaningintheright handcolumn 1 expert 2 active 3 involved 4 constantly 5 extent 6 reluctantly 14 AudioStudio WordBank 1 contagious感染的2 obscure不分明的3 protective保护的4 content满足的5 reveal使 事实等 显露出来6 coronary冠状动脉的7 clinical临床的 Task1 Task2 15 AudioTask1IdentifyingtheGist 1 What sthetopicofthisaudioclip A SymptomsofheartdiseaseB AnewreportfromDr DavidsonC Dr Davidsonandherreport2 WhichisNOTtrueabouthappiness A Itmayleadtomorechanceofheartattack B Happinessiscontagious C Happinesscankeepyouhealthy Listentotheaudioclip andchoosetherightanswerstothequestions 16 AudioTask2CheckingtheFacts WhoisDr Davidson Answer ANewYorkresearcher 2 HowlongdoesDr Davidson sresearchlast Answer 10years 3 Whatdoesherstudyimply Answer Remaininghappymayhelppreventheartdisease Listentotheaudioclipagainandanswerthefollowingquestions Script 17 Itissaidthathappinessiscontagious Thesupportingevidenceiseverywhere fromthestreetsofRioduringCarnivaltomoreobscurecelebrationselsewhereintheworld Butlong termhappinessmayalsobehealthy NewYorkresearcherDr KarinaDavidsoncertainlythinksso Dr Davidsonisaleadresearcherina10 yearstudyofmorethan1 700healthymenandwomen Thestudyrevealedthatpeoplewhoarehappyandcontentwiththeirlivesare22 lesslikelythanunhappypeopletohaveaheartattackorsufferfromsymptomsofheartdisease Maintaininghappyissurelyprotectiveofyourmentalhealthandthisobservationalstudyisoneofthefirststudiestoshowitmayalsoprotectyourphysicalhealth Itisthefirsttoshowanindependentrelationshipbetweenpositiveemotionsandcoronaryheartdisease ButDr Davidsonstressesthatmoreworkandclinicaltrialsareneededbeforeanytreatmentrecommendationscanbemade Shesays though thatthestudyisthefirststepinprovidingdoctorsbetterinsightabouthowtointeractwiththeirpatients Thestudymayeventuallyshifthealthcareproviderstothinkingabouthowtheycanhelppatientsmakesurethatthethingsthatmakethemhappystayintheirroutine Heartdiseaseistheleadingkillerofmenandwomeninmostindustrializedcountries Dr Davidsonsaysshehopesherreportwillshinealightonanewapproachforprevention Script 18 VideoStudio WordBank 1 begagaover对 着迷2 beon上节目3 counteract消解4 Adrenalin肾上腺素5 apathetic冷淡的6 inknots紧张的7 cumulative累积的8 sleepin睡懒觉9 beat非常疲惫的10 hamper防碍11 cortisol皮质 甾 醇12 tax造成 某事物 的重负 Task1 Task2 Task3 19 VideoTask1Matching Predicting 1 Andthenthelastguyhiredme because youknow whenyou rekindofoverit you renolonger 2 That swhyalotofpeople theywantto ontheweekendsoronFridaynights 3 soeverythingallyourbody sresourcesarebeingtakentofocusondealingwiththestressinsteadof thecold 4 Yea Imeanwhenyou restressed yourbodyis morechemicalsandhormoneslikecortisoland 5 Itdoes Well it slikelaughing It ssomethingphysicalthatsortoflike thehormonesthataregoingthroughyourbody Completethefollowingstatementswiththephrasesgivenbelow Predictwhatwillbetalkedaboutinthevideo Thencheckyouranswersafterwatchingthevideoclip fightoffpumpoutbreakupleadtoinknotssleepin fightingoff pumpingout inknots sleepin breaksup 20 VideoTask2BridgingtheGap Watchthispartofthevideoclipandcompletethetable Script walkinandaskforaraise focusonyourheartbeatingfast evenimaginebutterfliesflying andflyinginformation treatyourself makesureyougetenoughsleep straightenup droptheshoulders makesureyourpostureisgood Situpstraight takedeepbreaths laugh likeyouaresick 21 VideoTask3CheckingYourComprehension Watchthevideoclip Identifytheincorrectinformationinthefollowingstatements andmakecorrectionswherenecessary 1 Stressmakespeoplenervous soallstressisnothelpfulatall Correction SomestresscalledEU stresshelpspeoplefocus 2 Instressfulsituations peopleshouldnotpayattentiontotheirheartbeatingfast Correction Insomestressfulsituations peoplecanevenfocusontheirheartbeatingfast 3 Stresswouldgoawayallbyitself Correction Stressiscumulative 4 Drinkinghelpspeopletodealwiththeweek longstresseffectonthem Correction Drinkingactuallycanworsenthebody sreaction 5 Amyadmitssheisstressedattheendoftheshow Correction Amyclaimsthatsheisnotstressedandthatshefeelsok 22 ScriptHowtoStressLessHostess WelcomebacktoToday sWoman andalessoninhowtostressless Feelingoverwhelmed That snosurprisewhenyou vegotbillstopayandmouthstofeed letaloneonehundredotherlittlethingsonyourto dolist Host JasonBreezley Butnotallstressisbadstress AmyBrightfield thehealtheditorforWoman sDayMagazineisheretoexplain Hostess WeshouldpointoutAmy salittlestressedbecauseshe sallgagaoverthisone AmyBrightfield I I Yes yes it sa it sa stressisaphysicalresponseyouhavetoastressfulsituation Thatcanbegoodstress Thisisgoodstress Istheregoodstress IwanttobestressedaboutbeingonwithJasonBreezley JasonBreezley Andhowwouldyourelievethatstress Youwouldtakesomedeepbreaths AmyBrightfield Takesomedeepbreathsand causethatactuallycounteractsthephysicalresponse andactuallylaughlikewe redoing Laughingactuallyphysicallycounteractstheresponseyou rehaving HostessandJasonBreezley Nicetohearit Hostess Buttherearesomesituations though thatarereallystressful Forinstance youhavetogiveapresentationtoyourboss youhaveto wannawalkinandaskforaraise youwanna thosekindofthingsaretough Howdoyoumanagethatsortofworkstress AmyBrightfield Well actually that swhenstresscanhelpyoubecause theycallitEU stressactually whichisgoodstress ItmeansEU stressanditactuallyhelpsyoufocus soyouwouldhaveadrenalingoing itactuallyhelpsfocusbetterwhenyou regonnamakethat 23 Scriptpresentation sothat sthesituationwhenyoutakesomedeepbreaths Andbeforeyougoin maybeevenfocusonyourheartbeatingfastorevenimaginethebutterflieslike flyinglikeinformationbeforeyougoinandmakethepresentation Hostess Youknowwhatisfunny I mtheleaststressedwhenIfeelalmostapathetic Likeit salmostlikewhenyouareso causeoncewhenIwaslookingforajob onepointIgotrejectedsomanytimes Ididn tcare Andthenthelastguyhiredme because youknow whenyou rekindofoverit you renolongerinknots right right Isstresssomewhatcumulative Like let ssay Jasonhasastressfuldaytoday which theothertwolaughing andthentomorrow doesitb leadintotomorrow ordoesitsortofgoaway AmyBrightfield Itis Itis Itiskindoflikewhenyouhavelongtermstress youshouldactlikeyouhaveacold youshouldtreatyourselflikeyouaresick Becauseitiscumulative Becauseit saphysicalresponse Ittaxesyourbody soyouhavetotakerelaxationseriously youhavetomakesureyougetenoughsleep Soitdefinitelyiscumulative That swhyalotofpeople theywanttosleepinontheweekendsoronFridaynights IknowmyhusbandisalwaysjustbeatonFridaynight becauseitisoutofthestressandgoingandgoinghascaughtupwithhim Andfinallyyou vetakenamomenttostopandyourealizetheeffectthatit shavingonyouphysically JasonBreezley Isitwhypeopledrinksomuchontheweekends AmyBrightfield Well actually that sprobablyabadthingtodobecauseactuallydrinkingcanworsenyourbody sreaction Yea Imean onedrinkisok butalotofalcoholreallyhampersyourbody sabilitytodealwiththestressresponsethatyou rehaving 24 Hostess cause andyouknowalsostresscanmakeyouphysicallyill causeIhavefriends Imean who you theyalwayshavecoldsandaresick andthatcanbe it sadirect thatcanbeadirectresultofstress AmyBrightfield Yea Imeanwhenyou restressed yourbodyispumpingoutmorechemicalsandhormoneslikecortisolandsoeverythingallyourbody sresourcesarebeingtakentofocusondealingwiththestressinsteadoffightingoffthecold andalsomakesyouachy likeifyounotice whenyougetstressed yourshouldersarelikethis soagoodtipistosortofstraightenup droptheshoulders breatheandmakesureyourposture sreallygood Hostess Ifyouareintrafficandyouarereallystressed causeyouaresupposedtobesomewhere andyouscream Pretend Ok oryoujustyell Doesthatreallyrelieveanystress AmyBrightfield Itdoes Well it slikelaughing It ssomethingphysicalthatsortoflikebreaksupthehormonesthataregoingthroughyourbody Hostess Areyoustressed Amy now AmyBrightfield No Ifeelok I mbreathing I msittingupstraight I mlaughing Hostess Amy thankyou JasonBreezley Amy comeoverhereandgivemeahug Hostess Givehimahug Oh Isn tthatthecutestthingever AmyBrightfield Ohmygosh Hostess Sheisallred Nowlookather sheisred Herneckisred Sheisallred Script 25 SpeakingWorkshop Expressions StructurestoUse bestressedoutfeeloverwhelmedinknotssleepincounteracttheeffectleadintotomorrow Task1 Task2 26 SpeakingTask1Summarizing Discusswithyourpeersandcompletethefollowingtipswiththeinformationyouhavelearnedintheaudioandvideoclips Thenprepareanoralpresentationwiththehelpofthetips Tips Thereisonemorereasontoremainhappy notallstressisbadstress todealwithsomestressfulsituations helpbecause alsohelpto itisalsoveryimportantto stressiscumulative 27 SpeakingTask1Summarizing Summary Thereisonemorereasontoremainhappy a10 yearobservationalstudyshowsitmayalsoprotectpeople sphysicalhealth Modernlifecanalwaysbeveryoverwhelming butnotallstressisbadstress TherecanbegoodstresswhichiscalledEU stresswhichhelpspeopletofocus Todealwithsomestressfulsituations takingdeepbreaths laughing evenyellingorscreaminghelpstorelievesomestressbecausetheseresponsesphysicallycounteractthestressbybreakingupthehormone Focusingontheheartbeatingfastorevenimaginingbutterfliesflyinginformationalsohelpstorelievethestress Itisalsoveryimportanttokeepagoodpostureinastressfulsituation Stressiscumulativeandlong termstresswouldmakepeoplephysicallyill sopeopleexperiencinglong termstressshouldtakerelaxationseriouslyandmakesuretheygetenoughsleep Drinking however forpurposeofrelaxationisawrongchoice 28 Situation1 Workingroupsoffour Supposethefourstudentsarechattingaboutnextweek sworkload Oneofyouisgoingtohaveaverystressfulweekandisverymuchinknots He sheturnstotherestofyouforeffectiveadviceonhowtodealwiththestressfulsituations SpeakingTask2SolvingtheProblem Workwithyourpeersonthesituationbelowandtrytocomeupwithasolutiontotheproblemdescribed Youareexpectedtoshareyourideasandjustifyyourselfinthisprocess Useasmanyphrasesfromthe Expressions StructurestoUse boxaspossible 29 Situation2 Youhave15minutestodiscusswithinyourowngroup 3 Severalgroupswillbeselectedtopresenttheirroleplays Therestoftheclasswillvotefortheonetheyfeelhappiestsupportineachgroup sperformance SpeakingTask2SolvingtheProblem Workwithyourpeersonthesituationbelowandtrytocomeupwithasolutiontotheproblemdescribed Youareexpectedtoshareyourideasandjustifyyourselfinthisprocess Useasmanyphrasesfromthe Expressions StructurestoUse boxaspossible 30 SpeakingTask2SolvingtheProblem AlternativeSituation1 Workingroupsoffour SupposethefourstudentsareexpertsattheNationalStressManagementAssociation Youareinvitedbyabigcompanytogiveaspeechtothestaffonthenecessityandwaystomanageworkstress Allowthegroups15minutes2 Youhave15minutestodiscusswithinyourgrouptoproducetheirleaflets 3 Selecttwogroupstoreporttheircalendars Therestoftheclasswillvotefortheonetheyfeelhappiesttosupport 31 Workonthefollowingreal lifeprojectwithyourgroupmembersandpresentyourreportinthenextclass Real LifeProjectWorkinagroupofsixtoeight AsaworkgroupfromtheTVprogramMentalHealthToday youareassignedtopresentaprogramon StressonCampus Designaquestionnairewhichcangathertheinformationconcerningthestressthecollegestudentsareexperiencingandhowtheyreacttothestress Askstudentsinyouruniversitytofillinthequestionnaires Summarizeandanalyzetheanswers Thenpresentinthenextclassaprogramwhichincludestheresultsofthesurveyandsuggestionsofeffectivetreatmentforstress ProjectBulletin 32 AlternativeProjectWorkingroupsoffour SupposethefourstudentsareexpertsattheNationalStressManagementAssociation Youareinvitedbyabigcompanytogiveaspeechtothestaffonthenecessityandwaystomanageworkstress Allowthegroups15minutestoproducetheirleaflets Selecttwogroupstoreporttheirspeech Therestoftheclasswillvotefortheonetheyfeelhappiesttosupport ProjectBulletin 33 LessonTwo Lead in AudioStudio VideoStudio SpeakingWorkshop TeamworkShow 34 Lead in Task1 Task2 35 Task1Brainstorming Youmayhavereadorlearntfromyourobservationofpeoplearoundyouthatadultsaredealingwithtonsofstressintheircareerlifeandintheirfamilylife Recallasmuchaspossibleofthestress 36 Task2ExpandingYourVocabulary Readthroughthewordsintheleft handcolumn andmatcheachofthemwiththeappropriatemeaningintheright handcolumn 37 AudioStudio WordBank trigger引发exclusively排他地 特别地compliments赞扬refrain克制obsessivecompulsivedisorder强迫症 Task1 Task2 38 AudioTask1IdentifyingtheGist Whichofthefollowingsentencescanserveasthesummaryoftheclip Everyoneknowssomeonewhoisdifficulttobearound Somepeoplecouldhaveapersonalitydisorder Therearesimplewaystodealwithsomebehaviors 2 Howmanykindsofpeoplehavebeentalkedabout A Three B Four C Five Listentotheaudioclip andchoosetherightanswerstothequestions 39 AudioTask2CheckingtheFacts Script 1 Apersonwithaparanoidpersonalityissomeonewhoisverymuch 2 Thesolution sticktoconversationtopics avoidanysignsof andrefrainfromusinglanguagethatispatronizingorcondescending 3 Anarcissisticpersonreallybelievesthat andthat becauseI manotherpersonI mbetterthanyou I mentitledto I mentitledto andkindofdisregardyours 4 Sohowdoyoudealwiththoseegomaniacs Itcouldtriggerafightandtrytomakeyou inordertokeepuptherelationship 5 Peoplewithobsessivecompulsivedisordercanmakeothersjumpy Try Compromisewiththemwhenpossibleand criticismsorattack thataresafeandnottoopersonal sheisbetterthanyouessentially expectyoutodothingsforme befocusedexclusivelyonmyownneeds Don tbedefensivewiththisperson animportantpartofhisorherworld acknowledgingtheirhardworkwithcompliments alsoavoidconflict preoccupiedwiththeloyaltyofotherpeople 40 ScriptEveryoneknowssomeonewhoisdifficulttobearound Itisverydifficulttoputupwiththem Thebadnewsisoftentimesyouareforcedtointeractwiththesepeopleonadailybasisandtheycouldhaveapersonalitydisorderbutthegoodnewsistherearesimplewaysyoucanlearntodealwiththeirbehaviors Apersonwithaparanoidpersonalityissomeonewhoisverymuchpreoccupiedwiththeloyaltyofotherpeople Itisapersonwhoconstantlyscanstheenv