科技英语5套题(全)

科技英语一套 第 21 题 英译汉 If you are successful you won t have to go ask for a raise or accept what you re given or worry about being turned out when a younger version of yourself comes along 如果你是成功的 你就不用请求加薪 不必勉强接受所给予你的 无需担心年轻的你一路走来会达到什么成就 第 22 题 英译汉 What about development aid to give local people economic alternatives to cutting forests and plowing over the land That kind of funding is difficult to come by 关于发展援助给当地居民经济替代切割森林和耕作土地怎么样 这样的资金得来不易 第 23 题 英译汉 He cannot be really happy if he is compelled by society to do what he does not enjoy doing or if what he enjoys doing is ignored by society as of no value or importance 他是不可能真正快乐的 如果被社会强迫做自己不喜欢做的事情 又或者喜欢做的事情被社会所忽略 被认为是毫无价值 不重要 的 第 24 题 英译汉 Perhaps even more daunting in the face of Internet wide virus attacks is the realization that we will depend in larger and larger measure on the network s functioning reliably 面对网络大范围内的病毒攻击 但是我们会越来越依赖于网络的功 能 这使得我们更加沮丧 第 25 题 英译汉 Chemically any petroleum is an extremely complex mixture of hydrocarbon hydrogen and carbon compounds with minor amounts of nitrogen oxygen and sulfur as impurities 本题 3 分 化工石油是一种极其复杂的化合物 还含有少量的氮气 氧气和硫 磺等杂质 第 26 题 汉译英 他虽然学识渊博 但对这种生物科技引起的情况他也不知道如何应付 for all For all he is learned he has no idea how to deal with the situation caused by the biotechnology 第 27 题 汉译英 只要不断努力 你早晚都会学好俄语的 sooner or later If you keep trying you will learn Russian sooner or later 第 28 题 汉译英 那位新的候选人决定参加 2012 年美国总统大选时 竞争对手的竞选活动已全面展开 be in full wing 本题 3 分 The new candidate decided to participate in 2012 when the U S presidential election rivals campaign has already started 第 29 题 汉译英 这在很大程度上将取决于她对这一难题的反应 depend on It depends a lot on her reaction to the problem 第 30 题 汉译英 我反对该项计划 理由是花费太大 on the grounds that I am against the plan on the grounds that the cost is too high 阅读理解题 第 31 题 Geology is a natural science With it men can discover all kinds of useful minerals Geology studies the earth But of the three spheres the atmosphere the hydrosphere and the lithosphere it only directly studies the lithosphere It studies the composition and distribution of material in the earth s crust It studies also the formation changes and development of rocks and minerals in the earth s crust Geology is a very complex science There are many branches in geology Mineralogy is the science of the minerals Petrology is the science of the rocks Geomorphology deals with origin of landscapes and changes in them Historical geology traces the evolution and development of the earth and of the animals and plants on it Stratigraphy studies the sequence of the rocks in the earth s crust Paleontology deals with the ancient animals and plants These are just a few of the most important branches of geology Geology is a very important science We depend upon geology for the discovery of mineral deposits needed by the various industries A lot of minerals are used as fuel and raw materials Without them industrialization is impossible Minerals are also used as fertilizers in agriculture China is very rich in mineral deposits of all kinds The study of geology will help us to discover them Petroleum occurs widely in the earth as gas liquid semisolid or solid or in more than one of these states at a single place Chemically any petroleum is an extremely complex mixture of hydrocarbon hydrogen and carbon compounds with minor amounts of nitrogen oxygen and sulfur as impurities Liquid petroleum which is called crude oil to distinguish it from refined oil is the most important commercially It consists chiefly of the liquid hydrocarbons with varying amounts of dissolved gases bitumens and impurities Petroleum gas commonly called natural gas to distinguish it from manufactured gas consists of the lighter paraffin hydrocarbons of which the most abundant is methane gas CH4 The semisolid and solid forms of petroleum consist of the heavy hydrocarbons and bitumens Geology plays an important role in the search for oil and natural gas Four prerequisites are necessary for oil and gas to accumulate in commercial quantities in an area 1 The oil originates in a source bed and a marine shale once a black mud rich in organic compounds is thought to be a common source rock 2 The oil then migrates to a permeable reservoir rock and to do this it may travel for long distances both vertically and horizontally Oil cannot move through the tiny openings of the shale source beds rapidly enough to be extracted profitably 3 A nonpermeable layer must occur above a reservoir bed Since oil is lighter than water it tends to move upward through openings and cracks until it encounters impervious beds that it cannot penetrate The oil may then accumulate beneath the impervious layers Some gas occurs in solution within the oil and if enough is present it separates out to occupy the uppermost region of such a trap 4 A favorable structure must exist to concentrate the oil and anticlines salt plugs and faults are common examples A fault zone may itself be impervious or faulting may have shifted an impervious bed so that it now blocks a reservoir bed Stratigraphic traps tend to be more difficult to locate and may form where tilted reservoir beds are overlain unconformably by impervious layers or where the reservoir beds become thinner up dip and wedge out within enclosing impervious beds Thus oil that was once distributed in sparse amounts throughout a very large volume of rock may now be richly concentrated within the uppermost portions of favorable reservoir rocks The task of the geologist is the location of promising structures in regions where rocks are favorable for the occurrence of the other prerequisites Drilling a hole is then the only known method of determining whether or not oil is present in the structure C1 1 What is mainly dealt with in the passage A The formation of oil B The formation of rocks C The general introduction of geology D The roles of geology in finding oil D2 2 Geology is a natural science and it does NOT study A the minerals in the earth s crust B the rocks in the earth s crust C the evolution and development of the earth D the origin of the atmosphere surrounding the earth A3 3 One prerequisite for oil to accumulate in quantity is that the oil originates in A a source rock B a black mud C the seawater D organic compounds B4 4 In the formation of oil a nonpermeable layer above a reservoir bed is necessary because it can A accelerate the travel speed of the oil B hinder the oil to move upward C help the oil to move upward D help people to discover the oil B5 5 Which of the following statements is TRUE A Drilling a hole is one of the known methods of determining whether or not oil B A geologist usually tries to locate promising structures in regions where roc C An unfavorable structure must exist to concentrate the oil D A permeable layer must occur above a reservoir bed 第 32 题 If you were to begin a new job tomorrow you would bring with you some basic strengths and weaknesses Success or 1 in your work would 2 to a great extent 3 your ability to use your strengths and weaknesses to the best 4 Of the utmost importance is your attitude A person 5 begins a job being convinced that he isn t going to like it or 6 that he is going to fail is exhibiting a weakness which can only hinder 阻碍 his success On the other hand a person who is secure in his 7 that he is probably as capable 8 doing the work as anyone else and who is willing to make a cheerful attempt 9 it possesses a certain strength of purpose The chances are that he will do well 10 the prerequisite 必须的 skills for a particular job is strength Lacking those skills is obviously a weakness A book keeper who can t add or a carpenter who can t cut a straight line with a saw 11 hopeless cases This book has been designed to help you capitalize 12 the strength and 13 the weakness that you bring to the job of learning But in group to measure your development you must first 14 stock of where you stand now 15 we get further along in the book we ll be 16 in some detail with specific processes for developing and strengthening 17 skills However 18 begin with you should 19 to examine your present strengths and weaknesses in three areas that are critical to your success or failure in school your 20 your reading and communication skills and your study habits 本题 20 分 C1 1 第一题选项 A improvement B victory C failure D achievement A2 2 第二题选项 A depend B present C separate D interact B3 3 第三题选项 A in B on C of D to B4 4 第四题选项 A excess B advantage C necessity D productivity A5 5 第五题选项 A who B what C that D which C6 6 第六题选项 A ensure B assure C sure D surely D7 7 第七题选项 A version B balance C pattern D belief C8 8 第八题选项 A to B at C of D for D9 9 第九题选项 A near B on C by D at C10 10 第十题选项 A Have B Had C Having D Had been C11 11 第十一题选项 A being B been C are D is D12 12 第十二题选项 A except B but C for D on B13 13 第十三题选项 A overhear B overcome C overtake D overlook B14 14 第十四题选项 A make B take C do D give A 15 15 第十五题选项 A As B Till C Over D Out A16 16 第十六题选项 A treated B treating C dealt D dealing C17 17 第十七题选项 A learnt B learned C learning D learn B18 18 第十八题选项 A around B to C from D beside D19 19 第十九题选项 A pause B tend C afford D devote C20 20 第二十题选项 A strength B status C attitude D weakness 第 33 题 Psychiatrists 精神病专家 who work with older parents say that maturity can be an asset in child rearing older parents are more thoughtful use less physical discipline and spend more time with their children But raising kids takes money and energy Many older parents find themselves balancing their limited financial resources declining energy and failing health against the growing demands of an active child Dying and leaving young children is probably the older parents biggest and often unspoken fear Having late life children says an economics professor often means parents particularly fathers end up retiring much later For many retirement becomes an unobtainable dream Henry Metcalf a 54 year old journalist knows it takes money to raise kids But he s also worried that his energy will give out first Sure he can still ride bikes with his athletic fifth grader but he s learned that young at heart doesn t mean young Lately he s been taking afternoon naps 午睡 to keep up his energy My body is aging says Metcalf You can t get away from that Often older parents hear the ticking of another kind of biological clock Therapists who work with middle aged and older parents say fears about aging are nothing to laugh at They worry they ll be mistaken for grandparents or that they ll need help getting up out of those little chairs in nursery school says Joann Galst a New York psychologist But at the core of those little fears there is often a much bigger one that they won t be alive long enough to support and protect their child she says Many late life parents though say their children came at just the right time After marrying late and undergoing years of fertility 受孕 treatment Marilyn Nolen and her husband Randy had twins We both wanted children says Marilyn who was 55 when she gave birth The twins have given the couple what they desired for years a sense of family Kids of older dads are often smarter happier and more sociable because their fathers are more involved in their lives The dads are older more mature says Dr Silber and more ready to focus on parenting D1 1 Why do psychiatrists regard maturity as an asset in child rearing A Older parents can better balance their resources against children s demands B Older parents are usually more experienced in bringing up their children C Older parents are often better prepared financially D Older parents can take better care of their children A2 2 What does the author mean by saying For many retirement becomes an unobtainable dream Lines 7 8 Para 1 A They have to go on working beyond their retirement age B They can t get full pension unless they work some extra years C They can t obtain the retirement benefits they have dreamed of D They are reluctant to retire when they reach their retirement age C3 3 The author gives the example of Henry Metcalf to show that A many people are young in spirit despite their advanced age B taking afternoon naps is a good way to maintain energy C older parents tend to be concerned about their aging bodies D older parents should exercise more to keep up with their athletic children D4 4 What s the biggest fear of older parents according to New York psychologist Joan Galst A Being laughed at by other people B Slowing down of their pace of life C Being mistaken for grandparents D Approaching of death B5 5 What do we learn about Marilyn and Randy Nolen A They thought they were an example of successful fertility treatment B Not until they had the twins did they feel they had formed a family C They believed that children born of older parents would be smarter D Not until they reached middle age did they think of having children 科技英语二套 单项选择题 问答题 第 21 题 英译汉 In developing countries desperate to feed fast growing and underfed populations the issue is simpler and much more urgent Do the benefits of biotech outweigh the risks 1 在迫切想要养活其迅速增长而又吃不饱的人口的发展中国家 问题 比较简单 也更加紧迫 生物技术的好处是否大于风险呢 第 22 题 英译汉 Once infected your money will be transferred to an additional account opened by the virus program without anybody knowing it 一旦感染 你的钱就会转移到所建立的其他帐户上了病毒程序的没 有任何人知道 第 23 题 英译汉 But dependency is no vice when the habit is healthful and you don t have to be an Olympian to benefit 但是当依赖是一种健康的习惯时 就不算是缺点 你不需要一定是 奥运会运动员才能获益 第 24 题 英译汉 Petroleum is believed to be produced naturally from dead animals and vegetable matter at the bottoms of shallow seas and swamps 石油被认为是脱离死动物和植物物质的底部的浅海区 沼泽地自然 的产生 第 25 题 英译汉 Either party that disagrees to the arbitration may file a law suit at the people s court 任何反对仲裁的一方都可以向法院提出诉讼 第 26 题 汉译英 那位新的候选人决定参加竞选时 竞争对手们的竞选活动均已达到高潮 in full swing When the new candidate decided to run for the election his competitors campaigns had been in full swing 第 27 题 汉译英 他日益发现一份奔波于全球的职业同传统的家庭生活很难兼具 combine with 本题 3 分 输入更多 He increasingly finds a globe hopping career hard to combine with a traditional family life 第 28 题 汉译英 我上大学时只能靠粗茶淡饭过活 live on I had to live on bread and water when I was a college student 第 29 题 汉译英 中国是一个富产宝贵的自然资源 原油的国家 be rich in China is a country rich in crude oil which is a precious natural resource 第 30 题 汉译英 我祖母的故乡位于纽约和芝加哥之间的某个小镇上 in between My grandmother s hometown in New York and Chicago between a small town 阅读理解题 第 31 题 Many people would agree that although our age exceeds all previous ages in knowledge there has been no corresponding increase in wisdom But agreement ceases as soon as we attempt to define wisdom and consider means of promoting it There are several factors that contribute to wisdom Of course I should put first a sense of proportion the capacity to take account of all the important factors in a problem and to attach to each its due weight This has become more difficult than it used to be owing to the extent and complexity of the special knowledge required of various kinds of technicians Suppose for example that you are engaged in research in scientific medicine The work is difficult and is likely to absorb the whole of your mind You have not time to consider the effect which your discoveries or inventions may have outside the field of medicine You succeed let us say as modern medicine has succeeded in enormously lowering the infant death rate not only in Europe and America but also in Asia and Africa This has the entirely unintended result of making the food supply inadequate and lowering the standard of life in the parts of the world that have the greatest populations To take an even more dramatic example which is in everybody s mind at the present time you study the makeup of the atom from a disinterested desire for knowledge and by chance place in the hands of a powerful mad man the means of destroying the human race Therefore with every increase of knowledge and skill wisdom becomes more necessary for every such increase augments 增加 our capacity for realizing our purposes and therefore augments our capacity for evil if our purposes are unwise 本题 15 分 B1 1 Disagreement arises when people try to decide A how much more wisdom we have now than before B what wisdom is and how to develop it C if there is a great increase of wisdom in our age D Whether wisdom can be developed or not D2 2 According to the author wisdom is the ability to A carefully consider the bad effects of any kind of research work B give each important problem some careful consideration C acquire a great deal of complex and special knowledge D give suitable consideration to all the possible elements in a problem B3 3 Lowering the infant death rate may A prove to be helpful everywhere in the world B give rise to an increase in population in Europe C cause food shortages in Asia and Africa D raise the living standard of the people in Africa A4 4 The author uses the examples in the passage to illustrate his point that A it s extremely difficult to consider all the important elements in a problem B success in medical research has its negative effects C scientists may unknowingly cause destruction to the human race D it s unwise to be totally absorbed in research in scientific medicine C5 5 What is the main idea of the passage A It is unwise to place the results of scientific research in the hands of a power B The more knowledge one has the wiser one becomes C Any increase of knowledge could lead to disastrous results without the guidance D wisdom increases in proportion to one s age 第 32 题 The current energy security system was created in response to the 1973 Arab oil embargo to ensure coordination among the industrialized countries in the event of a disruption in supply encourage collaboration on energy policies and deter any future use of an oil weapon by exporters Its key elements are the Paris based International Energy Agency IEA whose members are the industrialized countries strategic stockpiles of oil including the U S Strategic Petroleum Reserves continued monitoring and analysis of energy mar