2017年八年级上册英语语法、短语和知识点总结.doc

2017年八年级上册英语语法、短语和知识点总结 017年八年级上册英语语语和知识点总结4. quite a few相当多,不少(后跟可数名词复数) take phoNos照相 most of the time大Unit 1 Where did you go on vacation?部分时间5 buy sth for sb= buy sb sth为某人买某物6. taste good.尝起来本单元的语法:1.复习一般过去时;2学习不定代词和不定副词的用法taste(尝起来)、look(看起来), sound(听起来)为感官动后跟形容词2不定代词和不定副词的用法7 have a goodigreatfun time过得高兴,玩得愉快(= enjoy oneself)8. go shopping口1)左边的some,any, every、no与右边的boy,one,thng构成不定代词,some,去购物9. nothing-but+动词原形:除了之外什么都没有ary, every、no与右边的疑间副词 where构成丕定副词新l口He had nothing to do at home but read yesterday昨天他在家除了读书无事可做(2)一般情况下以some开头的不定代词和不定副词用于肯定句,以ary开头的不10. seem to do sth:好像 I seem to know him我好像认识他。a定代词和不定副词用于否定句、疑问句:以开头的不定代词和不定副词我示否定seene)+形容词:看起来 The work seems(tobe)easy.这工作看起来很容易,含义( no one为两个单词1 keep a diary记日记(3)不定代词或不定翻词和形容调连用时,形容词放在后面in+大地方:达到某地( get to+地方:达到某地)someting,形容arrive a+小地方:达9e的过去式为go口 important放后)若是 arrive和get后跟home, there,hee三个地点副词,后面的介词ihat必须去Did you buy anything. specia(一般疑问句用 anything,形容词 special放后Did you go anywherentaresting ast month?上个月你去會人感兴趣的地方了吗?Tom got home yesterday evening= Tom arrived home yesterday evening昨晚汤姆到家一般疑问句用不定副词 anywhere,形容词 interesting放后)13 decide to do sth:决定做某事doing sth.尝试做某事 try to do sth,尽力去做(4)不定代词和不定副词做主语时,后面的动词用单数形式 Everone is here today某事今天每个人都在这甲。xk81c0mgo to the出去15. feel like给的感觉;感受到6. n the past在过去enjoy doing sth:喜欢做某事8 start doing sth:开始做某事(= start to do sth)新课er an hour一个多小时(over超过,多余 more than20. too many太多,后接可数名词复数。动词作状语。a) hardly ever(很少) never(从不)much too太,后跟形容词或副词分辨三者的口诀: too much, much too,用法这些副词在句子中的位置,一般放在助动词、be动词成情态动词之后,行为动词之区别看后头muh后接不可数1后修饰形或副, too many要记住,后面名词必复前。即:行“前“助(系)后, Peter is always late for school. Peter上学总是迟到I usually do my homework in the evening.我通常在晚上做作业。提问of因为,后接名词,代词或动名即动+na,不能接句always, sometimes, twice a day等频率副词,用 How oftencause因为,后跟句子watch TV every day.我每天都看电视 How often do you watch T?(你多长时间看一e ofgett og up late.他因为起晚而上学迟到。(gt为动词)次电视?)He was late for school because he got up late.本单元的短语和知识点220 nough足够的)与名词连用,一般放在名词前 He has enough money1 on weekends在周来 go to the moves去看电影with housework帮做家23. enough(足够的)与形容词或副词连用, enough放在后面, He is old enough to go to务oen多久一次 hardly ever几乎从不2 once a week每周一次 twice a week每周两次 every day每天use the Internet用互联网be free有空 Are you free on weekends?你圈末有空吗?Forget bo do sth.忘记去做某事(还未做)(oet的过去式为ong)4 stay up late然夜 at least至少9 to bed early早点睡觉 play sports进行体育活动25.so+形容词+that句子:如此以至于5 after schoal放学后6 want sth:需要某物 He wants a new pen他想要一支新钢笔too+形容词+ to do sth:太以至于不能放学后他想去看电视。形容词+ enough to do sth:足够能够做某事(注意三个句型有时可以互换)want sb to do sth:让某人做某事 My mother wants me get up early.妈妈让我早起is so young that he cant go to school. He is too young to go to school.7 be good for对有好处 be bad for对有害处He isn t old enough to go to schoolXK b 1. Com8. play computer games打电子游戏 g0 camping去野营9 ask sb about sth:问某人My parents often ask me about my study.我的父母经常间我的学习情况。Unit 2 How often do you exercise?10. in one s spare time在某人业余时闻 He studies English in his spare time11(P13,2b)本单元的话题:谈论生活习惯,复习一般现在时。数字+ percent of+名词做主语时,后面的单调取决于名词的情况。若名词为复数,后面本单元的语法:1复习一般现在时;2学习表示频率副词的用法的动词用复数形式;若名词为单数成不可数名词,后面的动词用单数形式。 N W Wr K要频率副词的等级排序: always总是) usually(通常)oten(经常) sometimes(In our class twenty of studentsare boys. Thirty of water is dirtyEnglish.他经常帮助我学习英语, He often helps me with my English.他经常在英语方12 not at all:-点儿也不(not构成否定句)don liket the movie at all.13 go online上网= gurf the Intemet14; he answer to+名词:的答素help (to) do sth:帮助做某事 He often helps(to) cook at home他经常在家帮助做饭。13 be good with sb:与某人相处很好14 nformation(n消息,信息)不可数名词The best way to learn English is speaking English学习英语的最好方法是说英语,17 such as比如(后跟名词或名词短语) for example例如(后跟句子)Unit 4 whats the best movie theatHe likes fruits. such as apples, bananas and so on.他喜欢水果,例如苹果、吾蕉等。本单元的话题:谈论事物对比,学习形容词和副词的最高级。He has some good ways to study English for example he often listens to tapes本单元的语法:学习形容词和副词的最高级9 more than(=over)超过,多余go to the dentist去看牙医t1 welcome to+地点:欢迎来到某地Unit 3 Im more outgoing than my sister.What do you think of sth?叫 How dou you like sth?你认为,怎么样?本单元的话题:谈论事物对比,学习形容词比较级。3 watch sb do sth:看见某人做了某事(= see sb do su)本单元的语法:攣习形容词比较级。(语法:见课本第113页至115页4比较级别+and+比较级:越来(若比较级为moe+形容词原,则为: more and本单元的短语和知识点re形容词原级) The buildings are taller and talleris getting more and1play+the+乐器 play the drums打蓝比较pay+球类play basketbal打篮 more beautiful5 around the world全世界=a| ovpr the world,th s and两者都(后面的动词用复数形式) Both Tom and Jim are stu9dat名词代调Wig擅Do you want to watch a game show?7 be like像 The books are ike friends.书像用友本单元的话题:谈论自己对天使节日或电影的喜好,学会表达自己的感受8 make friends(with st):(和某人)交朋友 enjoy doing sth喜欢做某事本单元的语法:复习一般现在时9 be different from每不同 My brother is different from me.我弟弟与我不一样本单元的短语和知识点D help sb to(do)sth:帮助某人做某事1. What do you think of sth?叫 How dou you lke sth?你认为怎么样?常与 help sb with sth(在某方面帮助某人互换 He often helps me() learn What do you think of the movie?你认为这部电影怎么样? i is boring很无聊消息11nthe1930s在二十世纪三十年代(1930年至1939年)a peep.12oneo+可数名词复数:之-(该短语放在句首做主语时,后面的动词用单2 mind doing sth:介意做某事of good数形式) One of the students has an English dictionary.这些学生中一个人有英语字典4Juck名be ready to do sth乐章做某事16 try one s best( to do sth)尿力(做某nits Im going to study computer science.一条好消息4Ieam(sth) from sb:向某人学习(某物)元的话:读论自己将来的计划打算,x1B1,m单元的语法:学习一般得来时 be going to do sth本单元的短语和知识点词性转换:5nca(词,科学)一(名词,科学家)懂一(名词,小提)一(客词,小琴家)pmo(名调,钢琴)-pm8 favorite(形容词,最喜爱的= like best(名调,钢琴家)290wup成长,长大3 be good at名词代词动词+ng:擅长9 od at mat的 but he isnt9 odspeakting Engl地h他撞长数学,但是不撞长说黄keep on doing sth:继续做某事 be sure about磷信,对“有把握5 mother isn tsure about his study他的妈对他的学习没有把握My favorite shows are talk shows.我最喜的节目是谈话节目9 expect to do sth期待微某事to+地点:搬(家)到某地7. take singingacting lessons上歌唱课上表演课= have singinglacting lessons8. send sb sth= send sth to sb奇送给某人某物His grandfather often sends him money. His grandfather often sends money to him.9. learn to do sth学会做某事xbt10. play the piano弹钢琴 make the soccer team组建足球队 get good grades取得好的成绩 eat hea hier food吃更健康的食品ots of exercise进行大量炼11. foreign language外国语雪12udy hard努力学习of the time大多数14. get back from+地点:从回来 He wa get back from Beijing in3days.at下下17. different kinds of不同种类的 have to do with关于,与“有关系 take up开始从事too+形容词+ Hto do sth:太以至于不能so+形容词tha句子:如此以至于ough to do sth:足够能够做某事(注意三个句is so young that he can9他t如 schod此年轻以于不击上学He is too young to go to school.他太年轻了以至于不能去上学。22 make sb+形容词:让某人怎么样 The good news made us happy.(注意:news为不可数名调)23 howw to do better at scho为“疑问词+不定式即疑问词+ to do sth本单元的话题:读论对未来的语冒,学习一般来时 wa do sth,xk|B1c本单元的语法:学习一般得来时 will do st,一般来时由“助动调wsha+动词原型”构成,表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态,常与表示将来的时间状语如 tomorro, nex week,i2dys(2天之后)连用。(Sha用于第一人称,w可以用于各种人称,)t)一般疑问句:把肯定句中的捏到句首即可,以上两句的一般疑问句为词:有一些否定句:把肯定句中的变为won即可。以上两句的否定句为本单元的短语和知识点1, There be结构: There be(is/arewwashwere+某物某人+某地某时There be结构“的一般现在时 There isare+某物|某人+某地时There are600 students in our school.在我们学校有600个学生。二般过去时: There was/were某物某人+某地时 There was a schoal ten years一般将来时: There will be+某物某人+某地某时= There is going to b+某物某人+某地某时, There will be a sport meeding next week= There is going to be a sport meeting2 n computers在电脑上, on paper在纸3.afew+可数名词复数:有一些,有几个w中可数名词复数:几平没有(表示否定不可数名词本单元的语法:复习一般现在时。many+可数名词复数:很多,许多few的比较级是 fewer,ltle的比较吸是much+不可数名词:假多,许多There will be lesspolution in the future.在未来得会有更少的污朵。( polution为不可plant more trees.我们应该种更多的树。(tee为可数名词There will be fewer cars in the future.在未来将会有更少的汽车,(car为可数名词)4n( great) danger在(极度)危险中ea在地球上 save the earth量救地球6in+一段时间:在之后(多用于一般来时)He wil come back in2days两天之后他得园来。 How soon will he come back?多久句型 There isare sb doing sth.有某人正在做某事。 There s a cat eating fish10hundreds of+名词:成百上千的“,许多(表示模糊数字He has hundreds of book他有很多书, He bought two hundred books.他买了二百本书,2 at some point:在某些方面time空闲时间 in onerees在某人空闲时Unit 8 How do you make a ba本单元的话题:描述做事情的顺序和过程,(Fst首先Next下面,Then然后 Finally最后本单元的短语和知识点:新shawan sth想要某物 Jim would like a new penWould likedo sth= want to do sth想做某事He d like to watch1P571a)tuon打开turn o关上How many+可数名词复数:多少How much+不可数名词;多少ght books他饱有八本书。 How many books does he have?他有多少本书?3.量词的用法:不可数名词常用数字+量词+不可数名词“来表示。如a piece of bread一片面包比较: two pieces ofa glass of orange一被璃杯橘子汁spoon of butter-勺黄油5 ne more thing= another one thing基数词+more+名词 another+基数词名词:又多少某物7tstme( for sb) to do sth是某人该做某事的时间了,tstto have lunch. it某事的时阀了。 H s time for the class.是该上课的时候Unit 9 Can you come to my party?本单元的话题:学会发出,接受或拒绝邀请。本单元的语法:复习情态动词本单元的短语和知识点1 on Saturday afternoon在星期六下午,在具体哪一天的是上午、下午成晚上用n2. have to必须(后跟动词原形) He has to get up early.他必须早起,(一般疑问句)否定句) He doesnt have to get up early他没有必要早起Would youlike to. sth?你愿竄笪。?(用提出议或征京方What aan+ad可数名E语+请语)would you like to go shopping with me?你想和我一起去买东西吗?What+a可+可数名词复数/不可数名词(+主语+谓语)!课标Yes. owed to butI mooing my homework.我想去,但是我现在正在做家庭作业(Somy, Im doing my l非常抱數,我正在做家庭作业,)5 prepare for sth为做灌备 go to th去看病 have the flu患流感 help myparents给父母帮忙an exam考试续性动词则用肯定句式He studied t100m.他一直学习到晚上九点。 wWwaKbIcoN若动词为葬聶续性动调别用notunti(面到,才,。)He didn t go to bed until hisne back他一面到他爸回来才上床睡觉。0 study for a math test为数学考试做准备 go to the party参加聚会11hat s today?今天几号? Its Monday, the14的今天星期一,十四号。今补充; what day is it today?今天星期几?20今月What s the date today?今天几月几日?天1020日。2 go to the doctor去看病 have a piano lesson上钢琴课13 Dok after黑看,照料She is old to look after his brother她足够大了能够照看她的弟弟good care of叫ocWe should take goof the children.= we should look after the chidren we感叹句的类型What a fine day (it is)!多么好的天啊!(day为可数名词单数)练习:帮下列句子变为感叹句. The room is very brght.What an interesting book it is!多么有的一本书啊1(book为可数名词单数)D Weo I is a nice presentWhat beautful flowers they are侈多么亮的花啊!( fowers为可数名词复数O This is difficult problem.o she played the piano wonderfully.What bad weather it is!多么糟糕的天气啊!( weather为不可数名词)16.)the( best) way to do sth:做某事的(最好)方法7 thanks for名词ving(2)How+a+主语+(谓语中的)系动词!How+adv+主语+(请语中的)实文为什么而感诺8 take a tnp参加郊游, at the end of this month在本月底19 go back to地点:回到某地 He will go back to Beijing in2dys.两天后他得回北How happy I am我多摩高兴( happy为adam为系动词)京w hard they are working!他们工作多么努力啊!(had为 ady. work为实义动词)20 have a surprise party for sb为某人举办一个惊喜的晚会点拨:陈述句改为塞叹句,可以采用一荆、二定,三移“。21 without+名词代词tv?ing:没有 He canhelp( our为密:是判断出际述句谓语动词后的中心调的词性(ad/d)h词)二定:是极据判断出来的结果来碘定引导词(中心词为名词用nat;中心调为形容 He went to school without having breakfast t他没有吃早饭就去上学(have为或副词用24 look forward to+名词代词wing:期待,盼望三移:就是把主语和谓语移到后面。25 hear from sb.收到某人的来=注意:在感叹句中,不得出现s,very, very much等表示程度的单词27 the opening of:开幕/开业28.在具体哪一天的上午,下午,晚上用on比较:例如:0 Our school is beaut uin the moming在早晨 on Sunday moming在星期天的早晨29. invite sb to一判: beautiful为形容词;二定: beautiful为形容词,用How来引导;三移;把our地点:邀请某人去某地( invite- nutation) invite sb to do sth邀请某人做school is移到 How beautiful后面,即为感叹句H31 reply to sth/sb:园答某事园答某人庭作业判:boy为名词;二定:boy为名词,用来引导;三移:把He移到 What aclever boy后面,即为感叹句 What a clever boy he islUnit 10 If you go to the party, yoll have a great time!He studies English well本单元的话题:谈论事情可能的结果。判:we为副词:二定:we为副词,用Hw来引导:三移:把 He studies移到本单元的语法:在条件状语从句中,用一般现在时表示来即主将从现。How we后面,即为感叹句 How well he studies!新课松第if you go to the party.wi have a great tn从句(一般现在时(主句一般啊来时)解释:在条件状语从句,时间状语从句中,若主句用一般将来时,从句则用一般现13 travel around the world周游世界, go to college上大学在时表示得来简称主符从现make( a lot of) money挣钱, get an education接受教育,一mvisit shan14.) work hard努力工作, a soccer player-个足球运动员区分:宾语从句若主句为一般现在时,从句可以根据需要用任何时态15: alk to sb.与某人谈话,keep to onesel把留给自己独处Ithink I” finish the work in2days.我认为我在两天内得完成这项工作16 have problems with sth:在某方有困难problems( in ) doing st:R主句(=般现在时)宾语从句方面有困噬(2个句型常常可以互换)gish她在学习英(come )here tomorow. If(come )here. I(ca yyo