上海沪教版英语八年级下册第二学期知识点归纳集锦

上海沪教版英语八年级下册第二学期知识点归纳集锦上海沪教版英语八年级下册第二学期知识点归纳集锦 第一部分 词与词组第一部分 词与词组 重点词汇与词组 重点词汇与词组 1 be interested in in danger cut down let out belong to on earth keep alive communicate with protect oneself 2 at one s suggestion on one s suggestion make a suggestion offer a suggestion on the suggestion of 3 come to a decision arrive at a decision reach a decision give a decision for give a decision against make a decision 4 take charge of under the charge of in charge of 5 agree on agree with agre to do sth 6 remind sb of sth in addition to now that be excellent for enable sb to do sth be covered with feel like be responsible for now that help oneself to food drink vegetable 4 happen take place 5 frozen freezing 词与词组辨析 词与词组辨析 1 alive living 都是 活着 的意思 用法不同 例如 alive 是表语形容词 一般在句子中放在系动词后面 用作表语 例如 I am your friend as long as I am alive 只要我活着就是你的朋友 living 是定语形容词 一般在句子中放在名词前用作定语 例如 There are not any living things in the mountain area 在这个山区里没有任何活着的东西 2 patient impatient patience 3 comfort comfortable comfortably 4 reply answer v explanation 6 visible vision invisible 7 contain hold 8 experience experienced 9 conclude conclusion 10 go off go out go up go away go down go in 11 used to do sth be used to do sth be used to doing sth be used as be used for 12 try doing sth try to do sth 13 go on to do sth go on doing sth 14 be familiar to be familiar with 15 pleased pleasant pleasure please 16 accept receive 17 keep的用法的用法 18 what how感叹句感叹句 19 数词的用法 数词的用法 20 不定冠词 不定冠词a an的用法的用法 21 介词后面动词用 介词后面动词用 ing形式形式 22 状语从句连接词 状语从句连接词 if as long as when while as soon as until before after though although 23 when while 24 well good 25 疑问词 疑问词 主语主语 情态动词情态动词can should could等等 谓语动词谓语动词 疑问词疑问词 谓语动词不定式谓语动词不定式 第二部分 语法第二部分 语法 1 It s adj for of sb to do sth 2 a little a few little few 3 表示数量的词 表示数量的词 plenty of lots of a lot of a great good deal of a large small quantity of a large small amount of a number of the number of 4 情态动词 情态动词 mustn t can t may not 等的意思等的意思 must与与may 主语是第一人称 开头的一般疑问句的否定回答 主语是第一人称 开头的一般疑问句的否定回答 must 用 或 may 用 或 must may等表示肯定的推测意义 等表示肯定的推测意义 can t表示否定的推测意义表示否定的推测意义 need作为情态动词与实义动词动词的用法作为情态动词与实义动词动词的用法 情态动词用法的基本练习情态动词用法的基本练习 1 May I take my pet dog with me into the cinema The rule says no So you A can B mustn t C may D needn t 2 We hope that as many people as possible join us for the charity show tomorrow A need B can C must D should 3 Must I get up early tomorrow No A you mustn t B I don t think you have to C you can t D you need 4 May I play computer games mum No You finish your homework first A will B can C would D must 5 Let s go to the concert tonight Michael Sorry I I have to help my mother with the housework A mustn t B may not C needn t D can t 6 Can you finish the work in two days Sorry I My computer doesn t work A don t B can t C mustn t D needn t 7 you speak Japanese No I can t A Can B Must C May D Should 8 If the traffic light is red you cross the road It s very dangerous A don t B mustn t C needn t D wouldn t 9 May I use your ruler A Yes please B You are nice C It doesn t matter D It was a pleasure 5 宾语从句 宾语从句 陈述句改为宾语从句时 用that连接 一般疑问句改为宾语从句时 用whether if连接 特殊疑问句改为宾语从句时 用特殊疑问词特殊疑问词连接 宾语从句专项精选宾语从句专项精选 1 The girls asked if they some food and drink with them A took B take C takes D will take 2 Catherine said that she to Guangzhou A has never gone B had never gone C has never been D had never been 3 The students want to know whether they dictation today A had B has C will have D are 4 She asked Linda if go and get some A could she B she could C she can D she may 5 Linda said the moon round the earth A traveled B has traveled C travels D had traveled 6 Can you tell me you were born Betty A who B what C when D that 7 I don t know they have passed the exam A what B if C when D where 8 I hardly understand he has told me A that B what C which D who 9 She didn t know back soon A whether he would be B if would he be C he will be 10 I don t know he still lives here after so many years A whether B where C what D when 11 Do you know they listened to yesterday evening A what B when C why D how 12 He asked me told me the accident A whom B which C who D whose 13 They don t know their parents are A that B what C why D which 14 Please tell me last year A where does your sister work B where did your sister work C where your sister works D where your sister worked 15 She asked me if I knew A whose pen is it B whose pen it was C whose pen it is D whose pen was it 16 You must remember A what your mother said B what did your mother say C your mother said what D what has your mother said 17 Did you know A who he was looking after B who was he looking for C who he is looking for D who he is looking after 18 Could you tell me A when will they leave Beijing B when would they leave Beijing C when they will leave Beijing D when did they leave Beijing 19 In the bookshop a reader asked the shop keeper Who Moved My Cheese was an interesting book A that B how C what D if 20 I don t know Mr Green will come to see us He will help us with our English A why B when C how D where 21 We never know the old man is They say he is a teacher A what B who C which D where 22 I was told Bill Gates was thirteen he began to play with computers A that how B how that C when that D that when 23 Do you know I m going to see him Sorry I don t know A where does Mr Li live B where did Mr Li live C where Mr Li lives D where Mr Li lived 24 W here do you think he the computer Sorry I have no idea A bought B has bought C did buy D does buy 25 I don t feel very well Mum asked me this morning A what the matter is B what is wrong C what the matter was D what wrong was 26 Where is Jack He is away to spend his holiday He s gone either to Hangzhou or to Wuhan but I m not sure A that B which C where D there 6 直接引语转换为间接引语 直接引语转换为间接引语 人称代词和指示代词的变化人称代词和指示代词的变化 指示代词 this 和 these 通常变为 that 和 those 人称代词也要根据情况做适当调整 从句中的第一人称 多变为第三人称 第二人称根据情况改为第一人称或第三人称 第三人称不变 例如 He said I came to help you 他说 我是来帮助你的 He said that he had come to help me 他说他是来帮助我的 时态的变化时态的变化 引述动词如果用一般现在时或一般将来时 间接引语的时态不变 引述动词如果用一般过去时 间接引语的时态要变成相应的过去时态的一种 具体变化如下 一般现在时一般现在时 一般过去时一般过去时 一般过去时一般过去时 过去完成时过去完成时 现在进行时现在进行时 过去进行时过去进行时 现在完成时现在完成时 过去完成时过去完成时 一般将来时一般将来时 过去将来时过去将来时 时间状语的变化时间状语的变化 now then last month the month before today that day three days ago three days before tonight that night tomorrow the next day this week that week next month the next month yesterday the day before the day after tomorrow in two days 地点状语的变化 here there 谓语动词的变化 come go 注意 含有情态动词的直接引语变成间接引语是 情态动词也要相应地变成过去时态 若直接引语为客 观真理或自然规律 变为间接引语时 时态不变 有时由于直接引语有特定的过去时间状语 变为间接引 语时 时态不变 将下列句子中的直接引语改为间接引语将下列句子中的直接引语改为间接引语 1 I am very happy said Fisher proudly 2 Dinny said I saw Mr Muskam yesterday 3 He said I will have finished my work by that time 4 I have never seen anything more beautiful than this he said 5 Mr Rochester said I ve settled everything and we will leave Thornfield tomorrow 6 It is too late he said 7 Here is Miss Eyre sir said Mrs Fairfax 8 I will try it said Kate 9 I ve studied biology he said 10 We will go back to the house he said 7 不定代词辨析 不定代词辨析 all any another both each every either few little many much no none neither one other some 以及由 some any no every 和 body one thing 构成的复合不定代词 one ones的用法的用法 each every的用法的用法 other the other another others the others的用法的用法 不定代词专练不定代词专练 1 police officers in the UK carry guns but most of them don t A No B Some C Many D All 2 Which do you like best coffee water or juice I only like tea A Both B Either C Neither D None 3 There are many tall buildings on sides of the street A either B all C both D none 4 She has written a lot of books but good ones A any B some C few D many 5 Would you like chicken noodles or beef noodles I d like tomato noodles A Either B Neither C Both D None 6 I m hungry I want to eat A anything B something C everything D nothing 7 I saw Tony at the party But he didn t speak tome evening Maybe he didn t see you A all B every C either D another 8 Are you from America No none of us A both B all C any D either 9 He showed me a magazine he bought yesterday I think it s interesting So I bought A it B this C that D one 10 Mike fell off the bike but he didn t hurt A he B him C himself D hisself 11 book are you looking for A What B Which C Who D Whose 12 There isn t any milk in my glass Would you give me A some B few C little D any 13 We had plenty of paper but ink A a