自考词汇第二章练习题

第二章第二章 I Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers Choose the one that would best complete the statement 1 The following languages are all Germanic except A Dutch B Flemish C Norwegian D Spanish 2 The early inhabitants of the British Isles spoke A English B Celtic C Scandinavian D Hellenic 3 Words such as crag bin and Avon are from A Latin B Greek C Celtic D Anglo Saxon 4 The Indo European is made up of most of the languages of Europe A the Far East and the Near East B the Far East and the Middle East C the Near East and India D India and North Africa 5 The prehistoric Indo European parent language is thought to be a an language A analytic B inflected C isolating D agglutinative 6 belong to the Western set of the Indo European language family A Hellenic Germanic Hindi and Celtic B Germanic Persian Albanian and Indo Iranian C Celtic Germanic Hellenic and Italic D Scandinavian Germanic Albanian and Armenian 7 In the Western set of the Indo European language family Greek is the modern language derived from A Hellenic B Scandinavian C Italic D Celtic 8 In the Celtic we find etc A Scottish Welsh Irish Icelandic B Irish Scottish Welsh Breton C Flemish Scottish Breton Dutch D Norwegian Irish Breton Welsh 9 Anglo Saxon dominated and almost totally blotted out in Old English period A Scandinavian B Swedish C Sanskrit D Celtic 10 Old English is a highly language just like modern German A agglutinative B analytic C isolating D inflected 11 As a basic word father is borrowed from A Scandinavian B Greek C French D Latin 12 The Norman Conquest started a continual flow of words into English A Latin B Greek C Danish D French 13 Handbook is a word created by combing A two native words B a native word and a loan word C two loan words D a Celtic word and an Anglo Saxon word 14 It is estimated that at least words of Scandinavian origin have survived in modern English A 1000 B 900 C 100O0 D 8O0 15 Between 1250 and 1500 about French words poured into English A 900 B 900O C 100O0 D 12000 16 All of the following words are from Dutch except A boom B easel C stoop D shirt 17 Old English was a language of endings and Middle English was one of endings A full leveled B leveled full C partial leveled D full partial 18 Since the beginning of the 20 century particularly after World War II although borrowing remains a channel of English vocabulary expansion more words are created by means of A analogy B word formation C transfer D conversion 19 English has evolved from a language Old English to the present language A analytic synthetic B synthetic analytic C agglutinative analytic D isolating synthetic 20 More than per cent of modern English words come almost directly from classical languages A 80 B 25 C 50 D 40 21 By the end of the century English took the place of French and gradually came back into the schools the law courts and government and regained social status A 12th B 14 th C 13th D 15th 22 The translation of the Bible and the writings of and others contributed a lot to the revival of English as the dominating language in Middle English period A Lang land Wycliffe Chaucer B Wycliffe Lang land Chaucer C Chaucer Wycliffe Thomas More D Bacon Wycliffe Chaucer 23 Old English began to undergo a great change when the invaded England in 1066 A Romans B Danes C Normans D Jutes 24 Before English regained social status in Middle English period those in power spoke French those who were literate read and wrote those who could educate their children taught them in and any young man who sought to earn his living as a scribe learned or A Latin French Latin French B French French French English C French French Latin French D Greek French Greek French 25 The three main sources of new words are A the rapid development of modem science and technology social economic and political changes the influence of other cultures and languages B the rapid development of modern science and technology social economic and political changes reviving archaic or obsolete words C creation borrowing and reviving archaic or obsolete words D semantic change creation borrowing and reviving archaic or obsolete words 26 The words with sk sounds are from A French B Danish C Latin D Dutch 27 English Renaissance brought over 10000 new words from and into English language A Latin Greek B Latin French C French German D Greek French 28 coolie is from and freight is from A Chinese Dutch B Indian Spanish C Japanese Spanish D Indian Dutch 29 Modem English vocabulary develops through A terminology analogy and borrowing B creation semantic change borrowing and revival of archaic or obsolete words C creation archaisms and semantic change D semantic change denizens and argot 30 Semantic change enriches English vocabulary through A addition of more new usages to the existing words B addition of new words to the existing English vocabulary C borrowing meanings from the similar words of other languages D assimilation of loan words into the existing English vocabulary 31 The 3000 some put it 5000 languages in the world can be grouped into roughly 300 language families on the basis of similarities in their and A native word stock grammar B basic word stock loan word stock C basic word stock grammar D native word stock loan word stock 32 The introduction of had a great influence on English vocabulary The words such as abbot amen and apostle are some of the example words A Renaissance B Christianity C Buddhism D Islam 33 The second major known language known in England was of the Roman Legions A Greek B Latin C Celtic D Anglo Saxon 34 Native words are words brought to Britain in the fifth century by the tribes the Angles the Saxons and the Jutes thus known as Anglo Saxon words A Scandinavian B Celtic C Roman D Germanic 35 Native words are in style and in use A appreciative frequent B pejorative neutral C neutral frequent D frequent neutral 36 According to Stuart Robertson et al 1957 the nine functional words namely and be have it of the to will and you assume of the task of expression in English A one third B one fourth C a half D one fifth 37 but do does did be am are were is and of are all words by notion and words by use frequency A functional basic B basic functional C native basic D content native 38 The word quoth said is a an A neologism B archaism C translation loan D semantic loan 39 The word shift from skipta is a an in English A translation loan B semantic loan C denizen D alien 40 The English language is noted for the remarkable and of its vocabulary A complexity heterogeneity B purity simplicity C naturalness simplicity D naturalness conventionality II Complete the following statements with proper words or expressions according to the course book 1 is the language of the early inhabitants of the British Isles 2 The 3 000 some put it 5 000 languages which can be grouped into roughly language families on the basis of similarities in their basic word stock and grammar 3 Norwegian Icelandic Danish and Swedish are generally known as languages 4 The first people known to inhabit England were 5 The words such as Kent London and Thames are 6 The words such as window leg husband life and house are 7 Old English was a highly inflected language just like modem 8 Considering the changes in vocabulary it is necessary to subdivide into Early 1500 1700 and Late 1700 up to the present Modem English 9 Over 10 000 new words entered the English language during English Renaissance Many of these were taken from Latin and Greek by scholars who wanted to replace the forms earlier adopted from 10 English has evolved from a synthetic language Old English to the present language 11 Gozzi the author of New Words and Changing American Culture 1990 discovered that terms make up approximately 45 percent of new words 12 Modem English vocabulary develops through three channels creation borrowing 13 Creation refers to the formation of new words by using the existing materials namely affixes and other elements 14 change means an old form which takes on a new meaning to meet the new need 15 has played a vital role in the development of English vocabulary especially in earlier times 16 In earlier stages of English French Latin Greek and were the major contributors 17 loan used as a transitive verb in American English is an instance of revival of or obsolete words 18 The Indo European is made up of most of the languages of Europe the Near East and 19 Old English has about words 20 Native words are words brought to Britain in the fifth century by the Germanic tribes the Angles the Saxons and the Jutes thus known as words or Old English words 21 In the early period of Modern English Europe saw a new upsurge of learning ancient Greek and Roman classics This is known as the 22 The words dress pork mutton and fry are all borrowed from 23 Generally speaking the English words are simple and common compared with the borrowed Latin Greek and French words 24 The word judge is borrowed from 25 A An language is a language in which the various forms of a given word show its relationship to other words in a sentence 26 The word hamburger is borrowed from 27 The native English word originally a name of the spring festival honoring the goddess of dawn takes on the present meaning the most important and oldest festival of the Christian church celebrating the resurrection of Christ 28 It is estimated that borrowings constitute per cent of the modem English vocabulary 29 English and Scandinavian shared many words 30 The word teepee is a word borrowed from 31 Many words relating to government social scales law religion moral matters military affairs food and fashion entered English in Middle English period 32 Rapid growth of breeds such new words as green revolution astrobiology and earthrise 33 changes bring about such words as fast food TV dinner hip huggers and talk show 34 The words containing by and thrope are all Words 35 Of all the borrowed words in English about are from French 36 The word kangaroo is from one language of the 37 Anglo Saxon is also called English 38 In 55 54 B C the invaded the British Isles and were to occupy the land until about 410 39 Latin speaking Roman missionaries under St Augustine came to spread in Britain at the end of the 6 century 40 During Renaissance Latin and were recognized as the languages of the western world s great literary heritage and of great scholarship III Match the words or expressions in Column A with those in Column B according to 1 modes of vocabulary development 2 sources of new words 3 language families 4 sources of borrowing and 5 dassification of words by origin by use frequency and by notion A B 1 them A Celtic 2 duke B Spanish 3 Flemish C Indian 4 druggist D Italic 5 pita bread E Latin 6 Scottish F Japanese 7 handbook G the influence of other cultures and languages 8 lichee H Germanic 9 neck originally that I French part of man or animal joining the head to the body 10 deck J empty word 11 plaza K German 12 judo L Hellenic 13 Nehru jackets M Greek 14 Greek N creation 15 French O Scandinavian 16 ascend P Dutch 17 biology Q revival of archaic or obsolete words 18 blitzkrieg R Indo Iranian 19 Hindi S Chinese 20 be auxiliary T semantic change 21 sun U Arabic 22 skirt V Argot 23 emir W Slang 24 can opener all X Old Norse purpose key 25 X rays radar Y native word IV Study the following words and expressions and identify 1 types of non basic English words 2 language families 3 modes of vocabulary development 4 types of loan words and 5 classification of words by notion 1 troth pledge 2 catch talk 3 change from changier 4 bazaar Persian 5 have own 6 you 7 Welsh 8 fingertip 9 Dutch 10 treacle originally wild animal V Define the following terms 1 creation 2 semantic change 3 three modes of modem English vocabulary development 4 the Germanic family VI Answer the following questions Your answers should be clear and short Write your answers in the space given below 1 What is the Indo European language family and what major families can be found in it 2 What are the modes of English vocabulary development What is the role of each in English vocabulary development 3 What are the characteristics of Middle English 4 What are the main reasons for the growth of present day English vocabulary 5 What are the characteristics of Modem English 6 What are the characteristics of Old English VII Analyze and comment on the following Write your answers in the space given below 1 He has been sick since this fall Tell what sick and fall mean respectively and explain why they take on those meanings in modem American English 2 shirt was originally written as skyrta and the pronunciations of the two words are different too Explain the reasons for the change in spelling and pronunciation 参考答案参考答案 I Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers Choose the one that would best complete the statement 1 D 2 B 3 C 4 C 5 B 6 C 7 A 8 B 9 D 10 D 11 A 12 D 13 A 14 B 15 B 16 D 17 A 18 B 19 B 20 B 21 C 22 B 23 C 24 C 25 A 26 B 27 A 28 D 29 B 30 A 31 C 32 B 33 B 34 D 35 C 36 B 37 A 38 B 39 C 40 A II Complete the following statements with proper words or expressions according to the course book 1 Celtic 2 300 3 Scandinavian 4 Celts 5 Celtic 6 Scandinavian 7 German 8 Modem English 9 French 10 analytic 11 science and technology 12 semantic change 13 roots 14 Semmatic 15 Borrowing 16 Scandinavian 17 archaic 18 India 19 50000 to 60000 20 Anglo Saxon 21 Renaissance 22 French 23 native 24 French 25 inflected 26 German 27 Easter 28 80 29 Old 30 Russian 31 French 32 science and technology 33 Social economic and political 34 Latin 35 a half 36 Aborigines 37 Old 38 Romans 39 Christianity 40 Greek III Match the words or expressions in Column A with those in Column B according to 1 modes of vocabulary development 2 sources of new words 3 language families 4 sources of borrowing and 5 classification of words by origin by use frequency and by notion 1 O 2 I 3 H 4 Q 5 G 6 A 7 N 8 S 9 T 10 P 11 B 12 F 13 C 14 L 15 D 16 E 17 M 18 K 19 R 20 J 21 Y 22 X 23 U 24 V 35 W IV Study the following words and expressions and identify 1 types of non basic English words 2 language families 3 modes of vocabulary development 4 types of loan words and 5 classification of words by notion 1 archaism 2 slang 3 denizen 4 alien 5 notional content word 6 functional empty form word 7 Celtic 8 creation 9 Germanic 10 semantic change 11 Define the following terms 1 Creation refers to the formation of new words by using the existing materials namely roots affixes and other elements 2 Semantic change means an old form which takes on a new meaning to meet the new need 3 Modem English vocabulary develops through three channels creation semantic change borrowing 4 The Germanic family consists of the four Northern European languages Norwegian Icelandic Danish and Swedish and German Dutch Flemish and English IV Answer the following questions Your answers should be dear and short Write your answers in the space given below 1 The Indo European is made up of most of the languages of Europe the Near East and India The surviving languages fall into eight principal groups which can be grouped into an Eastern set Bah Slavic Indo Iranian Armenian and Albanian a Western set Celtic Italic Hellenic Germanic 2 Modem English vocabulary develops mainly through three channels creation semantic change borrowing Creation refers to the formation of new words by using the existing materials namely roots affixes and other elements In modem times this is the most important way of vocabulary expansi