人教版七年级下语法知识点及习题题集

人教版人教版 七年级下各单元语法点七年级下各单元语法点 掌握掌握 Units 1 2 的语法内容 的语法内容 1 情态动词情态动词 can 的用法的用法 考题链接考题链接 1 he swim Yes he can A Does B Do C Can D Is 2 用 can 或 can t 填空 1 I can play soccer but I play basketball 2 Can you play chess Yes I 3 I m sorry I speak English 4 you bring some strawberries to me 5 your father swim No he 2 冠词冠词 1 不定冠词 有 a an 两种形式 一般用在单数可数名词之前 主要用来表示某一类人 或事物中不肯定的 某一个或任何一个 的意思 a 用在以辅音音素开头的名词前 如 a bag a university an 用在以元音音素开头的名词前 如 an orange an hour 2 定冠词 定冠词只有 the 一种形式 表示某个或某些特定的人或事物 可用在可数名词 前 也可用在不可数名词前 the 在辅音音素开头的单词前 读作 而在元音音素开头的单词前 读作 考题链接考题链接 1 boy under the tree is good student A The a B A the C A a D The the 2 He has cat cat is very cute A a A B the The C a The D the A 3 I hope we can fly to moon one day A a B an C the D 4 Wangs moved to a new house last week A A B The C D An 5 young should take care of old A A an B The an C The the D A the 6 What s in your bag English book is in it A A B An C The D 7 Which one is your daughter Mr White Oh that little girl in orange jacket A a B an C D some 8 elephant is useful animal A A an B An a C An an D A a 9 I have egg and hamburger for breakfast A an the B the a C the the D an a 10 He wants to have second try A a B an C the D 11 Browns were having dinner when the telephone rang A A B An C The D 12 It s reported that a terrible rainstorm hit south of our country A a B the C D an 13 Of two she is cleverer A a the B the the C the D the 14 older he is happier he feels A The a B An the C An a D The the 15 He was born in summer of 1970 3 不用冠词的情况不用冠词的情况 1 What is in your other hand A a B an C the D 2 When do you have P E On Tuesday and Friday A the B a C an D 3 He can t play football but he can play piano A the theB a aC theD the 4 I like science best of all the subjects A a B an C the D 5 Do you go to school by bike A the B C a D an 6 He is ill in hospital His father is in hospital to look after him A a a B an an C the D the 4 时间的表达法时间的表达法 1 整点的表达法整点的表达法 当时间是整点时 可以用钟点数或在钟点数后加 o clock 来表达 8 00 表示为 eight eight o clock 2 不整点的表达法 不整点的表达法 钟点数 分钟数表达法 8 25 表示为 eight twenty five 分钟数 to past 钟点数表达法 A 30 分钟 包括 30 分钟 以内 用 分钟数 past 钟点数 表达 7 15表示为 fifteen past seven 5 28表示为 twenty eight past five B 30 分钟以上 用 60 分钟数 to 下一个钟点数 表达 7 55表达为 five to eight 考题链接考题链接 写出下列时间的表达写出下列时间的表达 1 7 30 或 2 11 45 或 3 9 10 或 掌握掌握 Units 3 4 的语法内容的语法内容 一 一 how 引导的特殊疑问句引导的特殊疑问句 用法用法 1 how 引导的特殊疑问句 可用来询问做某事的方式或方法 也可用来询问某人或某物 的状况 how 引导 的特 殊疑 问句 询问做某事 的方式或方 法 询问某人或 某物的状况 How do you get to school 你怎样去上学 How do you spell the word 你怎样拼写这单词 How do you like the book 你觉得这本书怎样 How are you feeling 你感觉怎样 How is the weather there 那儿的天气怎样 how old 多大 提问年龄 多大 提问年龄 how many 多少 提问可数名词的量 多少 提问可数名词的量 how much 多少 提问不可数名词的量 多少 提问不可数名词的量 多少钱 提问价格 多少钱 提问价格 how long 多长时间 提问一段时间 多长时间 提问一段时间 多长 提问物体的长度 多长 提问物体的长度 how far 多远 提问距离 多远 提问距离 考题链接考题链接 1 is it to the train station About six kilometers A How long B How far C How much D How often 2 do you live here For about five months A How much B How often C How long D How far 3 are the socks They re 10 yuan A How old B How much C How soon D How many 对画线部分提问 2 It takes me 15 minutes to walk to school it you to walk to school 3 It s three miles from my home to school is it from your home to school 4 I go to school by car you go to school 5 I sleep nine hours every night do you sleep every night 6 His son is 11 years old is his son 7 The boy will finish his homework in 2 hours will the boy finish his homework 8 I want two glasses of milk milk do you want 9 I think the book is interesting do you the book 10 My skirt is 20 dollars is your skirt 二 祈使句的用法二 祈使句的用法 1 定义定义 用来表示请求 命令 建议 号召 警告等的句子 说话的对象大多为第二人称 you 且常被省略 句末用感叹号或句号 读时用降调 为了表示客气 常用 please 一词 放在句首时 其后不加逗号 放在句末时 其前通 常加逗号 2 构成构成 祈使句分为肯定祈使句和否定祈使句 1 肯定祈使句的构成 肯定祈使句的构成 Do 型 即以行为动词原形开头 型 即以行为动词原形开头 Be 型 即以动词型 即以动词 be 开头 开头 Be quiet please 请安静 Let 型 即以型 即以 let 开头 开头 Let s play basketball 让咱们去打篮球吧 2 否定祈使句的构成 否定祈使句的构成 Do 型和型和 Be 型的否定式 在动词前加型的否定式 在动词前加 don t 或或 never Don t come in 不要进来 Never be angry 绝不生气 Let 型的有两种否定形式 型的有两种否定形式 在在 let 前加前加 don t 或在或在 let sb 后加后加 not Don t let them cry Let them not cry 不要让他们哭 Let me not go there Don t let me go there 不要让我去那儿 No v ing 形式形式 名词 用于警示人们不要做某事 名词 用于警示人们不要做某事 3 答语答语 祈使句的动作通常是将来发生的动作 所以回答祈使句时 一般用 will 或 won t 注意注意 在回答具有否定意义的祈使句时 要注意形式一致和意义相反 即 yes 与 will no 与 won t 要一致 yes 意为 不 no 意为 是 例句例句 Don t go out It s raining hard 不要出去了 天正下着大雨 Yes I will Lily is waiting for me 不 我要去 莉莉在等我呢 4 注意注意 祈使句和陈述句的连用祈使句和陈述句的连用 祈使句与陈述句连用 有两种形式 1 祈使句 and then 陈述句 二者之间表示一种顺承关系 例句例句 Study hard and you can get good grades 努力学习 你就会取得好成绩 2 祈使句 or 陈述句 二者之间表示一种否定条件 考题链接考题链接 1 Please the blackboard A look B look at C to look D to look at 2 Let Lily piano A play B to play C to play the D play the 1 late for school A Not be B Not is C Don t be D Don t is 2 smoking A Not B Don t C No D Doesn t Peter don t step on the grass A It doesn t matter B I can t do it C Don t worry D Sorry I won t do it again Hurry up you will miss the early bus A or B and C so D but 句型转换句型转换 1 You must come here early tomorrow 改为祈使句 here early tomorrow 2 Look at the picture 改为否定句 at the picture 3 Let her help you 改为否定句 her help you 4 You can t be late next time 改为祈使句 late next time 5 You can drink and eat in the dining hall 改为否定祈使句 drink eat in the dining hall 三 情态动词三 情态动词 have to must 1 have to 意为 不得不 强调客观需要 能用于多种时态 本身有第三人称单数形 式 has to 考点考点 1 一般现在时态中 have to 的否定句要借助助动词 don t doesn t 再加 have to 例句例句 You don t have to come here so early 你不必那么早来这儿 考点考点 2 一般现在时态中 have to 的一般疑问句要借助于助动词 do does 放在开头 后接 have to 考点考点 3 一般现在时态中 特殊疑问句是 特殊疑问词 do does 主语 have to 其他 2 must 意为 必须 应当 表示义务 命令或必要 强调主观看法 没有时态变化 否定式 mustn t 表示 禁止 严禁 考点考点 4 以 must 开头的一般疑问句 简略肯定回答用 must 简略否定回答用 needn t 或 don t have to needn t 相当于 don t have to 意为 不必 例句例句 Must I do the dishes today 我今天必须洗餐具吗 Yes you must No you needn t don t have to 是的 必须 不 你不必 考题链接考题链接 It s too late We go home A can B have to C may D must 1 May I go to the cinema Mom Certainly But you be back by 11 o clock A can B may C must D need 2 Dad must I finish my homework today No you You may do it tomorrow A needn t B mustn t C don t D won t 句型转换 1 He has to eat in the dining hall 改为否定句 He to eat in the dining hall 2 We must be on time 改为一般疑问句 we on time 3 Bill has to listen to the music outside 改为一般疑问句 Bill to listen to the music outside 4 Must they follow the rules 作否定回答 they 5 The students have to read books in the morning 对画线部分提问 the students to read books 掌握掌握 Units 5 6 的语法内容 的语法内容 1 why 引导的特殊疑问句引导的特殊疑问句 疑问词 why 意为 为什么 用来询问原因 why 引导的特殊疑问句的结构为 疑问词 Why 一般疑问句 why 引导的特殊疑问句 常用 because 引导的句子回答 例句例句 Why do you like elephants 你为什么喜欢大象 Because they re very interesting 因为它们很有趣 注意注意 because 和 so 不能用在同一个句子中 二者只能取其一 考题链接考题链接 1 does she go to see the koalas Because they re smart and friendly A What B Where C How D Why 2 lions are very scary I don t like them A Because so B So because C Because D because 即学即练即学即练 句型转换句型转换 1 Julie likes koalas because they re interesting 对画线部分提问 Julie koalas 2 Pandas are from China 同义句转换 Pandas China 3 Why do you like cats 用 cute 来回答 4 to why you want do see the bears 连词成句 5 like I because they are very lovely pandas 连词成句 2 形容词在句中的位置和充当的成分形容词在句中的位置和充当的成分 考点考点 1 形容词在句中的位置形容词在句中的位置 1 形容词在句中一般用来修饰名词 常放在名词之前名词之前 2 形容词也可作系动词的表语 即放在系动词之后系动词之后 3 当形容词作定语修饰不定代词 something anything nothing 等时 要放在被修饰被修饰 词的后面 词的后面 考点考点 2 形容词充当的成分形容词充当的成分 1 作定语 修饰 限定名词 代词 2 作表语 形容词作表语 与 be 动词或其他连系动词连用 说明主语的情况 3 作宾语补足语 形容词作宾语补足语 用来补充说明宾语 考题链接考题链接 1 I have to tell you A nothing good B good nothing C good thing D thing good 2 Grace is a girl She doesn t like meeting new friends A smart B shy C strict D cute 即学即练即学即练 把下列短语翻译成英语把下列短语翻译成英语 1 一只小猫 2 三只害羞的大熊猫 3 五头友好的大象 4 两头懒惰的狮子 5 四只恐怖的老虎 6 七只美丽的长颈鹿 7 十只可爱的树袋熊 8 八只聪明的动物 9 新的事情 10 困难的事情 3 现在进行时态现在进行时态 考点考点 1 基本用法 基本用法 1 表示现在 说话瞬间 正在进行或发生的动作 2 表示当前一段时间的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作 考点考点 2 句式句式 1 否定句 be 后加 not 2 一般疑问句 be 在主语前 且首字母大写 句末加问号 一般疑问句的简略肯定回答 Yes 主语 be 简略否定回答 No 主语 be not 考点考点 3 现在分词的构成 现在分词的构成 1 一般情况下 直接在动词末尾加 ing 如 play playing 2 以不发音的 e 结尾的动词 先去 e 再加 ing 如 come coming 3 以重读闭音节结尾的动词 且末尾只有一个辅音字母 先双写末尾的辅音字母 再加 ing 如 swim swimming 4 以 ie 结尾的动词 将 ie 变为 y 再加 ing 如 lie lying 考点考点 4 常用的标志词 常用的标志词 1 句中有 now 时 常表示动作正在进行 2 当句首有提示性动词 look listen 等时 说明动作正在进行 3 根据语境或上下文来判断 考点考点 5 现在进行时和一般现在时的区别 概念不同概念不同感情色彩不同感情色彩不同谓语动词形式不同谓语动词形式不同 现在进行时现在进行时 表示此时此刻或现阶段 正在进行的动作 表示的动作可带有 感情色彩 助动词 be v ing 形式 一般现在时一般现在时 表示经常性或习惯性 的动作或状态 所表示的动作通常是事 实 系动词和实义动词 考题链接考题链接 1 The children kites in the park now A making B makes C is making D are making 2 Is your sister watching TV now A Yes she is B Yes she does C No she is D She s watching TV 3 Look The old man under the big tree A talks B talk C are talking D is talking 4 He s swimming at the pool A What does Tom do B Is Tom swimming C What is Tom doing D Where does Tom now 5 What s Lucy doing She on the bed A lies B lie C is lying D is lieing 6 He often on Sundays Look He at the pool A swim swim B is swimming is swimming C swims is swimming D swims swims 即学即练即学即练 写出下列动词的写出下列动词的 ing 形式形式 1 read 2 swim 3 have 4 write 5 play 6 lie 7 shop 8 get 9 see 10 run 用括号内所给词的正确形式填空用括号内所给词的正确形式填空 1 Listen Who sing in the classroom 2 Do you want buy a dictionary 3 Look They take photos 4 He often write to his mother on the weekend 5 Please be quiet My sister sleep 6 The boy not study English now 7 the students read English Yes they are 8 What are you doing I drink tea 掌握掌握 7 87 8 单元语法单元语法 1 How 引导的特殊疑问句询问天气引导的特殊疑问句询问天气 考点考点 1 How s the weather What s the weather like 的天气如何 例句例句 How s the weather in Nanjing 南京的天气怎样 What s the weather like in Moscow 莫斯科的天气怎样 考点考点 2 描述天气 It s 描述天气的 adj v ing 考题链接考题链接 1 is the weather there It s cloudy and windy A How B When C What D Where 2 What s the weather like here A It likes rain B It looks like rain C It s snowy D It s a ball 即学即练即学即练 句型转换 1 What s the weather like here in winter 改为同义句 the weather here in winter 2 It s sunny in London today 改为否定句 It in London today 3 It s snowing there 对划线部分提问 the weather there 4 How s the weather in Taiyuan 补全答语 windy 5 There s lots of rain in Shandong in summer 改为同义句 It heavily in Shandong in summer 2 现在进行时态的特殊用法现在进行时态的特殊用法 现在进行时除了其基本用法外 还有一些特殊用法 1 现在进行时可表示将来的动作 某些表示位置转移的动词 如 go come leave start arrive fly 等可用现在进行时表示 将来 2 现在进行时可表示经常性 习惯性发生的动作 现在进行时与 always often never 等副词连用 可表示赞扬 厌烦等感情色彩 3 一些词不用于现在进行时中 表示感觉或某种状态的动词 如 love like hate see hear know want need sound 等 通常不用于现在进行时态中 考题链接考题链接 you for Shanghai next week A Do leave B Are leaving C Am leave D Are leave 即学即练即学即练 用括号中所给动词的正确形式填空 1 My sister come to see me tomorrow 2 He visit his grandparents this weekend 3 Listen Someone sing in the next room 4 Xiao Ming always help other students 5 His parents fly to New York tomorrow morning 3 There be 句型句型 考点考点 1 There be 句型的构成 There are is 某物 人 地点 时间状语 它既可以表示某地方 某时 有什么东西 也可以表达某地方 某时 有什么人 考点考点 2 谓语动词 be 单复数的确定 在 there be 句型中 there 是引导词 本身没有词意 be 是谓语动词 be 后面的名词 是主语 be 的单复数取决于其后的主语 单数主语用 is 复数主语全用 are 如有并列主语时 be 随第一主语变 即 就近原则 考点考点 3 There be 句型的句式 1 否定句 be 后加 not 注意肯定句中的 some 变为 any 2 一般疑问句 将 be 提到 there 前 some 变为 any 简略肯定回答 Yes there is are 简略否定回答 No there isn t aren t 3 特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词 一般疑问句 提问可数名词的量 用 how many 提问不可数名词的量 用 how much 提问主语用 what who 谓语动词用单数 is 考点考点 4 There be 句型与句型与 have 的区别的区别 1 用法不同 there be 表示某个时间或地方 存在 某人或某物 强调空间上的存 在 而 have 表示主语 拥有 某人或某物 作宾语的某人或某物属主语所有 强调所属关 系 2 结构不同 There be sb sth 时间 地点 副词或介词短语 Sb Sth have has sb sth 3 若是部分与整体的关系 二者可以互换 考题链接考题链接 1 There a book and two rulers in the pencil box A is B are C be D have 2 There many birds in the tree A is B are C be D have 3 an Art Festival in your school this term No but there is an English party A Are there B Is there C Do we have D Does he have 即学即练即学即练 句型转换句型转换 1 Two baseballs are in the schoolbag 改为同义句 two baseballs in the schoolbag 2 There is a pay phone near the bank 改为一般疑问句 a pay phone near the bank 3 Is there a post office on Fifth Avenue 作肯定回答 4 Are there any sports clubs in your school 作否定回答 5 The Bank of China is near here 对画线部分提问 the Bank of China 6 There are some children on the playground 改为否定句 There children on the playground 7 There is a picture on the wall 对画线部分提问 are there on the wall 8 There is some water in the bowl 对画线部分提问 water is there in the bowl 9 There is a table in the room 对画线部分提问 in the room 10 A week has seven days 改为同义句 seven days in a week 4 如何问路指路如何问路指路 考点考点 1 问路的交际用语 问路的交际用语 1 Excuse me Where s 打扰一下 在哪里 2 Excuse me Can you tell me the way to 打扰一下 你能告诉我去 的路吗 3 Excuse me How can I get to 打扰一下 我怎么才能到达 4 Is there near here 这附近有 吗 考点考点 2 指路的交际用语 指路的交际用语 1 Go Walk along this street and turn left right 沿着这条路走 然后向左 右拐 2 It s next to in front of across from near behind 它在 旁边 前面 对面 附近 后面 3 It s between and 它在 和 之间 4 You d better take 你最好乘 考题链接考题链接 1 Is there a hotel near here Look It s just over there A I m sorry B Thanks a lot C I don t know D Excuse me 2 Where s the post office Walk this street and then turn You can find it A along to left B down to rightC along the left D down right 即学即练即学即练 补全对话 从方框中选出适当的句子补全对话 有两项多余 A turn right B Go across the road C Over there D You re welcome E where is the post office F Thanks very much G I don t know A Excuse me Could you tell me how often No 6 bus comes B 1 I m afraid But there is another one in half an hour A Thank you By the way 2 B Go down this street and 3 The post office is on your right A 4 And where is Fox Street B 5 Can t you see the sign over there A Oh yeah Thanks a lot 掌握掌握 9 10 单元语法单元语法 1 what 引导的特殊疑问句询问某人的外貌引导的特殊疑问句询问某人的外貌 考点考点 1 询问某人外貌的句型 1 What do does 某人 主语 look like 侧重于询问人的长相或总体特征 2 What is 某人 主语 like 侧重于询问某人的性格 气质 个性等内在的东西 考点考点 2 描述人物的外貌的句型 1 主语 be 形容词 介词短语 2 主语 have has a an 形容词 名词 例句例句 What do they look like 他们长什么样 They are of medium height 他们中等身高 What is Miss Brown like 布朗小姐是个什么样的人 She s quite nice 她相当和善 考题链接考题链接 What does Alice look like A She is fine B She is looking at a photo C She likes action movies D She has brown hair 即学即练即学即练 根据汉语意思完成下列句子根据汉语意思完成下列句子 1 你的朋友长什么样 他中等体型 留着短发 What does your friend He is and short hair 2 你们的英语老师长什么样 她个子不高 大眼睛 What your English teacher like She is and big eyes 2 多个形容词修饰同一个名词时的顺序多个形容词修饰同一个名词时的顺序 考点考点 多个形容词修饰同一个名词时的顺序为 县 限 官 观 行 形 令 龄 演 颜 国才 材 1 限定词 指冠词 指示代词 形容词性物主代词 先 序数词 后 基数词等 例例句句 Please look at the first two words 请看一下开始的两个单词 2 外观词 指描绘性形容词 多表主观看法 3 形状词 指大小 长短 高低 方圆等 且表尺寸大小的要放在表形状的之前 例句例句 He is a brave young man 他是一个勇敢的年轻人 Can you see that small round table 你看到那张小圆桌了吗 4 年龄词 指新 旧等 5 颜色词 例句例句 The dirty old brown skirt is not mine 那条又脏又旧的棕色裙子不是我的 6 国籍词 例句例句 I have a beautiful new black Chinese car 我有一辆漂亮的 新的 黑色的中国产小汽车 7 材料词 指木头 皮革 羊毛等 例句例句 There is a small yellow wooden desk in the room 房间里有一张黄色小木头课桌 考题链接考题链接 The boy has hairs A three long curly B three curly long C long curly three D curly long three 即学即练即学即练 单项选择 1 Mike is tall and has hair A straight long blonde B blonde long straight C long straight blonde D straight blonde long 2 This girl is my cousin A beautiful little American B American little beautiful C American beautiful little D little beautiful American 3 would like 的用法的用法 would like 意为 想要 表示主语的意愿 相当于 want 考点考点 1 1 would like 名词 代词 2 would like to do sth 想做某事 3 would like sb to do sth 想让某人做某事 例句例句 We would like some new books 我们想要一些新书 He d like to play games with us 他想和我们一起做游戏 I d like you to bring some noodles 我想让你带些面条 考点考点 2 would like 的一般疑问句中 表示 一些 之意用 some 不用 any 表示 某些 应 用 something 而不用 anything 此句型表示询问对方的意愿 暗含希望对方作出肯定回答 的意味 Would you like something to drink 你想来点喝的吗 考点考点 3 1 Would you like 名词 代词 的答语是 Yes please No thanks 2 Would you like to do sth 的答语是 Yes I d like love to I d like to but I 例句例句 Would you like some milk 要点牛奶吗 Yes please No thanks 好的 请来点 不 谢谢 Would you like to go swimming 你想去游泳吗 Yes I d love to I d love to but I must do my homework first 是的 我想去 我想去 但是我得先做家庭作业 考题链接考题链接 1 I d like some noodles A What do you like B Do you like some noodles C What would you like D What size would you like 2 Would you like something to eat A Yes please B No I wouldn t C That s right D Yes I