英语作文中比较和对照的写作方法

Comparison and Contrast 比较和对照的写作方法比较和对照的写作方法 目标 掌握英语作文中比较和对照的写作方法 比较着重相似点 而对照强目标 掌握英语作文中比较和对照的写作方法 比较着重相似点 而对照强 调不同之处 调不同之处 二 使用比较和对照写作方法的一般是说明文与论说文 常见的比较对照有两二 使用比较和对照写作方法的一般是说明文与论说文 常见的比较对照有两 种方式种方式 1 块状比较方式 块状比较方式 block method 先 先 A 后后 B 即 即 A1 A2 A3 B1 B2 B3 2 逐点比较方式 逐点比较方式 point by point method AB 交错 即交错 即 A1 B1 A2 B2 A3 B3 范文一 范文一 Country Life and City Life It is really hard to say which is better than the other city life or rural life Both have their merits and shortcomings Living in the city has a great many advantages First you can enjoy various kinds of foods both foreign and domestic Second there are more cultural activities in the city you can go to the concert the theatre the movies or the disco club after a day s hard work But city life has many problems too The overcrowded population traffic jam industrial pollution and the lack of understanding between people may result in disease and unhappiness Living in the country however you can watch the magnificent sunrise and sunset and listen to the bird singing in the tree If you want you can certainly have a huge garden when a small green space seems a luxury in the city In the country you don t have so mucn worries You can enjoy the pleasure of work by planting seeds in the earth and watching them grow into flowers and finally into fruits or food But rural life may not be that perfect Things are going so slowly that sometimes you may feel that you are absolute left behind in some remote corners of the world You may again miss the parties friends and movies in the city Like anything else country life and city life have their advantages and disadvantages The best solution may be that you enjoy pleasures of both lives and get rid of their inconveniences 范文二 范文二 Middle School Life and College Life There are many differences between middle school and the college First in middle school we have to listen to what the teacher says in class to understand the content of the text But in college we must study by ourselves before class If not we couldn t follow the teacher Second there are lots of rules in middle school For example we should wear the uniform the girls must have their hair cut short and we are not allowed to make boy or girlfriends However in college we have more freedom We can wear the clothes we like And the girls could have long beautiful hair We are also free to make boy or girlfriends The third in the middle school we must study first That means we could do nothing but study In contrast we have to do everything by ourselves in college That means we must plan our time carefully There are also other differences between our school life and our college life We have to learn to adapt ourselves to college life 三 写作步骤三 写作步骤 1 写前阶段 写作提纲写前阶段 写作提纲 1 对两个对象或一个对象的两个方面进行比较与对照分析 找出相似点对两个对象或一个对象的两个方面进行比较与对照分析 找出相似点 不同不同 之处 之处 如分析如分析 Online shoping or in store shopping 网络购物还是店内购 网络购物还是店内购 AdvantagesDisadvantages Online shopping Convenient Cheap A lot of selections Cheated Cannot see the items in person In store shopping Personal talk Know the quality Good for health Expensive Time consuming tiring 2 写作阶段 利用相关资料 组织结构与内容写作阶段 利用相关资料 组织结构与内容 1 Useful words and phrases 比较比较 like similarly likewise in the same way in the same manner equally 对照 对照 by contrast on the contrary while whereas on the other hand unlike instead but conversely different from however nevertheless otherwise whereas unlike yet in contrast 2 Useful expressions Just like a coin has two sides everyting has its advantages and disadvantages and is no exception The advantage far outweigh the disadvantages The advantages of A are much greater than those of B A may be preferable to B but A suffers from the disadvantages that For all the disadvantages it has its compensating advantages Like anything else it has its faults A and B has several points in common A bears some resemblances to B However the same is not applicable to B A and B differ in several ways Evidently it has both negative and positive effects The same is true of B Wondering as A is it has its drawbacks It is true that A but the chief faults obvious defects are I I IntroductionIntroduction Comparison and contrast is a method that is often used by writers to analyze the similarities and differences between two subjects To compare is to bring out th e similarities between two things and to contrast which is a form of comparison is to emphasize the differences between them As a result we can understand the two subjects better than we would do if we just examine the two individually In writing a comparison and contrast essay you may emphasize either the simila rities or the differences between the two subjects or if you like you may includ e in your essay both the similarities and differences No matter what you may emphas ize in your essay remember you should make a point in your essay that is there should be a purpose for making the comparison and the contrast If the two items are too similar or too different there won t be any point in comparing or contrasting them II II ThreeThree purposespurposes forfor makingmaking a a comparisoncomparison andand contrastcontrast A To present information about something unfamiliar by comparing it with someth ing familiar B To show the superiority of one thing by comparing it with another C To show the reader of the similarities and differences of two things to help the reader understand or evaluate them III III TheThe organizationorganization ofof a a comparisoncomparison andand contrastcontrast essayessay A A HowHow toto introduceintroduce a a comparisoncomparison andand contrastcontrast essayessay You can introduce your comparison and contrast essay by explaining clear your pu rpose for making the comparison and or contrast You can also present the background information that promotes you to write the essay B B HowHow toto organizeorganize thethe bodybody ofof a a comparisoncomparison andand contrastcontrast essayessay When you come to the body of a comparison and contrast essay you should follow the following two steps 1 IdentifyingIdentifying thethe pointspoints If you don t know what points to compare and or con trast about the subjects you can create a list of potential points for each of the subjects Then you can rearrange these points 2 ChoosingChoosing anan effectiveeffective patternpattern to organize the similarities and differences a TheThe subject by subjectsubject by subject patternpattern to present each of the two subjects separat ely that is to present first about one of the subjects covering the points com pletely then proceed to the other subject also covering all the points completel y In general this way works better in short essays where few aspects are consider ed or where the writer s interest is in the whole Its pattern is like the follow ing b TheThe point by pointpoint by point patternpattern to discuss the two subjects for each point of c omparison and contrast that is you write about the first point in terms of the s imilarities and differences between the two subjects then proceed to the next poin t and so on This way is preferable in long essays where many aspects are mentione d for a