情态动词用法归纳

1 情态动词用法归纳情态动词用法归纳 情态动词有 can could may might must have to shall should will would dare dared need needed ought to 等 情态动词无人称和数的变化 无人称和数的变化 不能单独使用 必须与与其后的动词原形动词原形构成谓语谓语 一 一 can could 1 1 can could 表示能力 体力 知识 技能 能力 体力 知识 技能 Can you lift this heavy box 体力 体力 Mary can speak three languages 知识 知识 Can you skate 技能 技能 此时可用 be able to 代替 用 be able to 改写上面三个句子 改写上面三个句子 Can 只有一般现在时 一般现在时 can 和一般过去式 一般过去式 could 而而 be able to 则有更多的时态 更多的时态 am is are able to 一般现在时一般现在时 I am able to do this job 其它几个自己改写其它几个自己改写 was were able to 一般过去式一般过去式 He was able to do this job will be able to 一般将来时一般将来时 I will won t be able to do this job this afternoon I ll not be able to come this afternoon 当表示当表示 经过努力才得以做成功某事经过努力才得以做成功某事 时时应用 be able to 不能用 不能用 Can 如 如 He can t swim but he is able to cross the river 2 2 can could 表示请求请求和允许 允许 Can I go now May I go now Yes you can No you can t Yes you may No you may not 此时可与 may 互换 在疑问句疑问句中还可用 could might 代替 不是过去式 只是语气更委婉 不能用于肯定句和答语中 Could I come to see you tomorrow Yes you can No I m afraid not 3 表示客观可能性 客观原因形成的能力 客观可能性 客观原因形成的能力 They ve changed the timetable so we can go by bus instead This hall can hold 500 people at least 4 表示推测 惊讶 怀疑 不相信的态度 推测 惊讶 怀疑 不相信的态度 用于疑问句 否定句疑问句 否定句和感叹句感叹句中 Can this be true This can t be done by him How can this be true 二 二 may might 1 1 表示请求请求和允许 允许 might 比 may 语气更委婉 而不是过去式 否定回答时可用 can t 或 mustn t 表示 不可以 禁止不可以 禁止 Might May I smoke in this room No you mustn t May Might I take this book out of the room Yes you can No you can t mustn t 用 May I 征徇对方许可时比较正式和客气 而用 Can I 在口语中更常见 2 用于祈使句 祈使句 表示祝愿 祝愿 May you succeed 3 表示推测 可能性推测 可能性 不用于疑问句疑问句 might 不是过去式过去式 它所表示的可能性比 may 小 1 He may might be very busy now 2 Your mother may might not know the truth 2 三 三 must have to 1 表示必须 必要必须 必要 You must come in time 在回答引出的问句时 如果是否定的 不能用 mustn t 禁止 不准 而用 needn t don t have to 不必 Must we hand in our exercise books today Yes you must No you don t have to you needn t 2 must 是说话人的主观看法 主观看法 而 have to 则强调客观需要 客观需要 Must 只有一般现在时 have to 有更多的时态形式 1 he play isn t interesting I really must go now 2 I had to work when I was your age 3 表示推测 可能性推测 可能性 只用于肯定的陈述句 1 You re Tom s good friend so you must know what he likes best 2 Your mother must be waiting for you now 四 四 dare need 1 dare 作情态动词用时 常用于疑问句 否定句和条件从句中 过去式形式为 dared 1 How dare you say I m unfair 2 He daren t speak English before such a crowd dare he 3 If we dared not go there that day we couldn t get the beautiful flowers 2 need 作情态动词用时 常用于疑问句 否定句 在肯定句中一般用 must have to ought to should 代替 1 You needn t come so early 2 Need I finish the work today Yes you must No you needn t 3 dare 和 need 作实义动词用时 有人称 时态和数的变化 在肯定句中 dare 后面常接带 to 的不定式 在疑 问句和否定句中 dare 后面可接带 to 或不带 to 的不定式 而 need 后面只能接带 to 的不定式 1 I dare to swim across this river 2 He doesn t dare to answer 3 He needs to finish his homework today 五 五 shall should 1 shall 用于第一人称 征求对方的意见 第一人称 征求对方的意见 What shall we do this evening 2 shall 用于第二 三人称第二 三人称 表示说话人说话人给对方的命令 警告 允诺或威胁命令 警告 允诺或威胁 1 You shall fail if you don t work hard 警告警告 2 He shall have the book when I finish it 允诺允诺 3 He shall be punished 威胁威胁 六 六 will would 1 表示请求 建议请求 建议等 would 更委婉 更委婉 3 Will Would you pass me the ball please 2 表示意志 愿望意志 愿望和决心决心 1 I will never do that again 2 They asked him if he would go abroad 3 would 表示过去反复发生的动作过去反复发生的动作或某种倾向某种倾向 would 表示过去习惯过去习惯时比 used to 正式 且没有 现已无此习惯 的含义 1 During the vacation he would visit me every other day 2 The wound would not heal 4 表示估计估计和猜想猜想 It would be about ten o clock when she left home 七 七 should ought to 1 should ought to 表示 应该应该 ought to 表示义务义务或责任 责任 比 should 语气重 1 I should help her because she is in trouble 2 You ought to take care of the baby 2 表示劝告 建议和命令 should ought to 可通用 但在疑问句疑问句中常用 should 1 You should ought to go to class right away 2 Should I open the window 3 表示推测推测 should ought to 客观推测客观推测 must 主观推测主观推测 1 He must be home by now 断定他已到家 2 He ought to should be home by now 不太肯定 3 This is where the oil must be 直爽 4 This is where the oil ought to should be 含蓄 八 八 情态动词情态动词 不定式完成式 不定式完成式 have done 1 can could have done 在肯定句肯定句中表示 本来可以做而实际上能做某事 是虚拟语气虚拟语气 在疑问句疑问句或否定句否定句中 表示对过去行为的怀疑或不肯定 表示推测推测 1 You could have done better but you didn t try your best 虚拟语气 虚拟语气 2 He can t have been to that town 推测推测 3 Can he have got the book 推测推测 2 may might 不定式完成式 不定式完成式 have done 表示对过去行为的推测推测 不能用于疑问句疑问句中 没有虚拟语气虚拟语气的用法 Might 所表示的可能性比 may 小 1 He may not have finished the work 2If we had taken the other road we might have arrived earlier 3 must 不定式完成式 不定式完成式 have done 用于肯定句肯定句中 表示对过去行为的推测推测 意为 一定 想必 其疑问 否定疑问 否定形式用 can can t 代替 参看 1 can could have done 表示推测推测 1 You must have seen the film Titanic 2 He must have been to Shanghai 4 should 不定式完成式 不定式完成式 have done 用于肯定句肯定句中 表示对过去行为的推测推测 He should have finished the work by now 表示 本应该做而实际上没有做某事本应该做而实际上没有做某事 其否定式表示某种行为本不该发生却发生了本不该发生却发生了 可以与 ought to 不定式完不定式完 成式 成式 have done 互换 1 You ought to should have helped him but you didn t 2 She shouldn t have taken away my measuring tape for I wanted to use it 5 needn t 不定式完成式 不定式完成式 have done 表示 本来不必做而实际上做了某事 You needn t have watered the flowers for it is going to rain 6 will 不定式完成式 不定式完成式 have done 主要用于第二 三人称 表示对已完成的动作或事态的推测推测 He will have arrived by now 4 情态动词也可以和动词进行形式或完成进行形式构成谓语 表示情态动词也可以和动词进行形式或完成进行形式构成谓语 表示 应当正在应当正在 想必正在想必正在 的意思 的意思 Why should we be sitting here doing nothing She might still be thinking about the question you raised He can t be swimming in such weather At the moment she may might be playing with her schoolmates We needn t be standing here in the rain We might take shelter in the hut over there 情态动词间或也可以和一个动词的完成进行形式构成谓语 表示情态动词间或也可以和一个动词的完成进行形式构成谓语 表示 应当一直在应当一直在 想必一直想必一直 在在 这类意思 这类意思 例如例如 They are sweating all over They must have been working in the fields They may have been discussing the problem this morning She couldn t have been swimming all day 情态动词部分练习题情态动词部分练习题 1 You all those clothes We have a washing machine to do that sort of thing A needn t have washed B shouldn t have washed C must not have washed D can not have washed 2 John s score on the test is the highest in the class he last night A should study B should have studied C must have studied D must have to study 3 The room is in a terrible mess it cleaned CET 4 1996 6 A can t have been B shouldn t have been C mustn t have been D wouldn t have been 4 Nobody knows how people first came to these islands They from South America on rafts A must have sailed B can sail C might have sailed D should have sailed 5 Mary was not in her bedroom yesterday afternoon She in her classroom A should have been B must have been C must be D should be 6 Bob said he was going to join our club but he didn t He his mind A can t have changed B wouldn t have changed C must have changed D shouldn t have changed 5 7 You to town to see the film yesterday It will be on TV tonight A needn t go B had better not go C should not go D needn t have gone 8 We the letter yesterday but it didn t arrive A must receive B ought to receive C must have received D ought to have received 9 With all the work on hand he to the cinema last night A mustn t go B shouldn t have gone C could not go D couldn t have gone 10 Eve was late for class again She earlier A should get up B must get up C need to get up D should have got up 11 I am feeling sick I so much chocolate A needn t have eate B couldn t have eaten C mustn t have eaten D shouldn t have eaten 12 I didn t send out my application form last week but I A had B would do C should have D might have to 13 Walking alone in the deserted village John was scared He thought he Tom to go with him A might have asked B should asked C must have asked D should have asked 14 When I got to the cinema the film had already started I there earlier A ought to get B ought to have got C must have got D must get 15 The road was muddy It last night A must rained B must have rained C must be rained D could have rained 16 She can speak quite fluent English She A must been in the U S A for some time B must have been in the U S A for some time C should have been in the U S A for some time D May be in the U S A for some time 17 You should bear in mind that he is not so strong as he A was used to be B used to be C was used to D use to 18 We didn t see him at the exhibition yesterday He it A mustn t visit B can t have visited C should have gone to se D may see 19 Mary my letter otherwise she would have replied before now A should have received B has received C Couldn t have received D ought to have received 20 I you a valuable present for your birthday but I was short of money 6 A would have liked to give B liked to give C have liked to give D would like to give 21 Where my umbrella Somebody it away by mistake A is must have taken B is must take C have been must take D is takes 22 What would happen if the director knew you felt that way A will you suppose B you suppose C do you suppose D you would suppose 23 Two eyes see more than one A can B may C will D should 24 you continue in your efforts and achieve new and greater successes A Would B Will C May D Should 25 We ought to help each other in our work A oughtn t we B should we C shouldn t we D ought to we 26 Tom better than to ask Dick for help A shall know B shouldn t know C has known D should have known 27 You your tooth pulled out before it rot completely A had better got B had to get better C had better to get D had better get 28 When we got to the cinema the film hasn t started yet so we A needn t hurry B didn t need hurry C needn t to hurry D needn t have hurried 29 It was really very dangerous you him seriously A might have injured B could injure C should have injured D must injure 30 As he had heart attack he was told that he continue the work A needn t B may not C mustn t D can t 31 An Englishman who not speak Italian was once traveling in Italy A must B could C may D might 32 I like to make a suggestion A could B would C must D might 33 I know things are hard with you but you try to get over the difficulties A can B may C must D ought 34 I can t find the recorder in the room It by somebody 7 A may have been taken away B may leave C may take away D must have taken away 35 He the 9 20 train because he didn t leave home till 9 25 A can reach B could catch C may not catch D couldn t have caught 情态动词部分练习题答案情态动词部分练习题答案 1 A 2 C 3 A 4 C 5 B 6 C 7 D 8 D 9 D 10 D 11 D 12 C 13 D 14 B 15 B 16 B 17 B 18 C 19 C 20 A 21 A 22 C 23 A 24 C 25 A 26 D 27 D 28 D 29 A 30 C 31 B 32 B 33 C 34 A 35 D 情态动词专项练习情态动词专项练习 单项选择单项选择 1 I1 I thoughtthought youyou likelike somethingsomething toto read read soso I I havehave broughtbrought youyou somesome books books A A maymay B B mightmight C C couldcould D D mustmust 2 2 YouYou toto thethe meetingmeeting thisthis afternoonafternoon ifif youyou havehave somethingsomething importantimportant toto do do A A needn tneedn t toto comecome B B don tdon t needneed comecome C C don tdon t needneed comingcoming D D needn tneedn t comecome 3 3 HeHe youyou moremore help help eveneven thoughthough hehe waswas veryvery busy busy A A mightmight havehave givengiven B B mightmight givegive C C maymay havehave givengiven D D maymay givegive 4 4 I I helphelp youyou withwith somesome shoes shoes madam madam Yes Yes I I wouldwould likelike toto trytry onon thosethose brownbrown ones ones A A WillWill B B ShouldShould C C MayMay D D MustMust 5 5 TheThe reasonreason whywhy theythey leaveleave wasn twasn t explainedexplained toto us us A A hadhad B B hadhad toto C C mustmust D D mightmight 6 6 I I searchedsearched forfor mymy walletwallet andand itit wasn twasn t there there I I thoughtthought I I itit atat home home A A leftleft B B havehave leftleft C C mightmight havehave leftleft D D couldcould havehave leftleft 7 7 I I asleepasleep becausebecause itit tooktook meme a a longlong timetime toto realizerealize thatthat thethe telephonetelephone waswas ringing ringing A A couldcould havehave fallenfallen B B shouldshould havehave fallenfallen C C mustmust havehave fallenfallen D D mustn tmustn t havehave fallenfallen 8 8 TheThe onlyonly thingthing thatthat reallyreally mattersmatters toto thethe childrenchildren isis howhow soonsoon theythey returnreturn toto theirtheir school school A A cancan B B mustmust C C havehave toto D D oughtought toto 9 9 I I wantwant toto gogo toto thethe chemist s chemist s butbut youyou gogo withwith me me A A needneed notnot B B mustmust notnot C C needneed D D mustmust 10 10 I I thoughtthought itit over over butbut comecome toto nono conclusion conclusion A A cancan B B couldcould C C shouldshould D D wouldwould 11 11 WhatWhat wewe getget seemsseems betterbetter thanthan whatwhat wewe have have A A cancan B B couldcould C C can tcan t D D Couldn tCouldn t 8 12 My12 My goodness goodness I veI ve justjust missedmissed thethe train train That s That s tootoo bad bad I I amam suresure youyou it it ifif youyou hadhad hurried hurried A A couldcould havehave caughtcaught B B hadhad caughcaugh C C wouldwould catchcatch D D couldcould catchcatch 13 13 Look Look WhatWhat you veyou ve done done YouYou moremore careful careful A A maymay bebe B B hadhad toto C C shouldshould havehave beenbeen D D wouldwould bebe 14 14 I I repeatrepeat thethe question question A A ShallShall B B WillWill C C DoDo youyou wantwant thatthat D D DoDo 15 15 ProfessorProfessor Li Li manymany studentsstudents wantwant toto seesee you you theythey waitwait herehere oror outside outside A A DoDo B B WillWill C C ShallShall D D AreAre 16 16 YouYou readread thatthat bookbook ifif youyou don tdon t wantwant to to A A haven thaven t B B can tcan t C C mustn tmustn t D D needn tneedn t 17 17 Johnny Johnny youyou playplay withwith thethe knife knife youyou hurthurt yourself yourself A A won t won t can tcan t B B can t can t shouldn tshouldn t C C shouldn t shouldn t mustmust D D mustn t mustn t maymay 18 18 It sIt s nearlynearly sevenseven o clock o clock JackJack bebe herehere atat anyany moment moment A A mustmust B B needneed C C cancan D D shouldshould 19 19 ThereThere werewere alreadyalready 5 5 peoplepeople inin thethe car car butbut theythey managedmanaged toto taketake meme asas well well ItIt a a comfortablecomfortable journey journey A A can tcan t bebe B B shouldn tshouldn t bebe C C couldn tcouldn t havehave beenbeen D D mustn tmustn t havehave beenbeen 20 20 TomTom oughtought notnot toto meme youryour secret secret butbut hehe meantmeant nono harm harm A A havehave toldtold B B telltell C C bebe tellingtelling C C havinghaving toldtold 21 21 EveryoneEveryone isis here here wewe startstart thethe meeting meeting A A CanCan B B MustMust C C ShouldShould D D ShallShall 22 22 I I parkedparked mymy carcar rightright herehere butbut nownow it sit s gone gone ItIt A A mustmust bebe stolenstolen B B maymay bebe stolenstolen C C mustmust havehave stolenstolen D D mustmust havehave beenbeen stolenstolen 23 23 HeHe thethe workwork yesterday yesterday butbut hehe didn t didn t A A mustmust havehave finishedfinished B B needneed havehave finishedfinished C C finishedfinished D D shouldshould havehave finishedfinished 24 24 HeHe diddid notnot passpass thethe examination examination AsAs a a goodgood student student hehe A A mustn tmustn t havehave failedfailed B B maymay notnot havehave failedfailed C C needn tneedn t havehave failedfailed D D shouldn tshouldn t havehave failedfailed 25 25 itit bebe truetrue thatthat AlbertAlbert passedpassed thethe testtest inin geography geography A A MayMay B B shouldshould C C CouldCould D D wouldwould 26 26 YouYou leadlead a a horsehorse toto thethe waterwater butbut youyou notnot makemake itit drink drink A A will will cancan B B may may cancan C C may may daredare D D dare dare cancan 27 27 Must Must wewe finishfinish thethe compositioncomposition inin class class No No youyou A A needn tneedn t B B mustn tmustn t C C won twon t D D shouldn tshouldn t 28 28 HerHer eyeseyes werewere red red SheShe A A mustmust crycry B B mustmust bebe criedcried C C mustmust havehave beenbeen cryingcrying D D maymay crycry 9 29 29 MaryMary hishis letter letter otherwiseotherwise sheshe wouldwould havehave repliedreplied beforebefore now now A A hashas receivereceive B B mustmust receivereceive C C couldn tcouldn t havehave receivedreceived D D shouldn tshouldn t havehave receivedreceived 30 30 I I toldtold SallySally howhow toto getget here here butbut perhapsperhaps I I forfor her her A A hadhad toto writewrite itit outout B B mustmust havehave writtenwritten itit outout C C shouldshould havehave writtenwritten itit outout D D oughtought toto writewrite itit outout 用所给动词的适当形式填空用所给动词的适当形式填空 Hello Hello GerryGerry speaking speaking Hello Hello Gerry Gerry It sIt s meme JohnJohn here here WhyWhy aren taren t youyou herehere atat thethe meeting meeting Well Well I mI m terriblyterribly sorry sorry butbut I mI m notnot feelingfeeling veryvery well well Is Is thatthat all all WeWe thoughtthought youyou mightmight have have anan accidentaccident oror forget forget thethe dayday oror something something No No I mI m sorry sorry I I waswas sicksick allall night night I I thinkthink itit mustmust be be thethe fishfish I I ateate lastlast night night Well Well I I thinkthink youyou shouldshould atat leastleast phone phone KateKate andand tell tell herher youyou weren tweren t comingcoming toto thethe meeting meeting Yes Yes I I supposesuppose I I shouldshould do do so so I mI m sorrysorry aboutabout that that Anyway Anyway I I thinkthink I llI ll bebe ableable toto getget inin toto workwork tomorrow tomorrow OK OK TakeTake carecare andand don tdon t eateat anyany moremore fish fish I I won t won t ThanksThanks forfor calling calling That s That s allall right right 用用 would would should should mustmust havehave toto 填空填空 1 1 I I havehave notnot a a raincoatraincoat withwith me me That s That s whywhy I I waitwait untiluntil thethe rainrain stops stops 2 2 youyou bebe soso kindkind asas toto keepkeep anan eyeeye o