学科名词和植物营养学词汇ppt课件.ppt

土壤与植物营养学专业英语 学科与植物营养学 郜红建安徽农业大学资源与环境学院 1 一 学科专业术语 2 农业资源利用学UtilizationScienceofAgriculturalResources土壤学SoilScience植物营养学PlantNutrition植物保护学PlantProtection 3 环境科学EnvironmentalScience环境工程EnvironmentalEngineering生物医学工程BiomedicalEngineering食品科学与工程FoodScienceandEngineering食品科学FoodScience 4 作物栽培学与耕作学CropCultivationandFarmingSystem作物遗传育种学CropGeneticsandBreeding园艺学Horticulture果树学Pomology蔬菜学Olericulture茶学TeaScience 5 林业工程ForestryEngineering森林工程ForestEngineering木材科学与技术WoodScienceandTechnology林产化学加工工程ChemicalProcessingEngineeringofForestProducts环境科学与工程EnvironmentalScienceandEngineering 6 粮食 油脂及植物蛋白工程Cereals OilsandVegetableProteinEngineering农产品加工及贮藏工程ProcessingandStorageofAgricultureProducts水产品加工及贮藏工程ProcessingandStorageofAquaticProducts农学Agriculture作物学CropScience 7 农业昆虫与害虫防治AgriculturalEntomologyandPestControl农药学PesticideScience畜牧学AnimalScience动物遗传育种与繁殖AnimalGenetics BreedingandReproductionScience动物营养与饲料科学AnimalNutritionandFeedScience 8 二 常用元素名称 9 Hydrogen氢HBoron硼BCarbon碳CNitrogen氮NOxygen氧O Fluorine氟FSodium钠NaMagnesiumMgAluminumAlSilicon硅Si 10 Phosphorus磷PSulfur硫SChlorine氯ClPotassium钾KCalcium钙Ca Chromium铬CrManganese锰MnIron铁FeCopper铜CuZinc锌Zn 11 Arsenic砷AsSelenium硒SeSilver银AgCadmium镉CdGold金AuMercury汞HgLead铅Pb 12 三 植物营养学词汇 13 植物营养 学 plantnutrition植物矿质营养mineralnutritionofplant植物有机营养organicnutritionofplant有机营养学说theoryoforganicnutrition最低因子律lawoftheminimum矿质营养学说theoryofmineralnutrition 14 米采利希定律Mitscherlich slaw报酬递减率lawofdiminishingreturns归还学说theoryofreturns根圈营养rhizospherenutrition根氧化力oxidizingforceofroot根系分泌物rootexudate 15 根系阳离子交换量cationexchangecapacityofroot根外营养exorootnutrition阶段营养期differentnutritionalstage营养临界期criticalperiodofnutrition肥料最大效率期maximumefficiencystageoffertilization选择吸收selectiveabsorption 16 交换吸收exchangeabsorption主动吸收 养分 activeuptake nutrient 被动吸收 养分 passiveuptake nutrient 奢侈吸收luxuryabsorption接触交换contactexchange吸附学说theoryofabsorption 17 载体学说carriertheory阴离子学说theoryofanionabsorption自由空间freespace道南平衡Donnanequilibrium能斯特方程Nernstequation离子泵ionpump 18 腺苷三磷酸酶ATPase离子载体ionophor胞饮作用pinocytosis稀释效应dilutioneffect养分交互作用nutrientinteraction离子拮抗作用ionantagonism 19 离子协合作用ionsynergism竞争性抑制competitiveinhibition非竞争性抑制noncompetitiveinhibition维茨效应Viet seffect根系截获rootinterception质流 养分 massflow nutrition 20 扩散 养分 diffusion nutrition 植物体内养分运输nutrientstransportinplant质外体运输apoplasttransport共质体运输symplasttransport短距离运输shortdistancetransport长距离运输longdistancetransport 21 木质部运输xylemtransport韧皮部运输phloemtransport源 汇关系source sinkrelation植物激素phytohormone生长抑制剂growthinhibitor大量元素养分macronutrient 22 中量元素养分middleelementnutrient微量元素养分micronutrient必需元素essentialelement有益元素beneficialelement大量元素macroelement微量元素microelement traceelement 23 灰分元素ashelement植物养分比例plantnutrientsration养分有效性nutrientavailability养分生物有效性nutrientbioavailability养分再利用nutrientreutilization养分浓度梯度nutrientconcentrationgradient养分电势梯度nutrientelectropotentialgradient 24 电化学势梯度gradientofelectrochemicalpotential养分耗竭nutrientdepletion养分富集nutrientenrichment养分转移nutrienttranslocation养分胁迫nutrientstress养分效率nutrientefficiency 25 营养条件nutritionalcondition营养水平nutritionallevel营养物质nutritivematerial营养液nutrientsolution氮同化作用nitrogenassimilation氮平衡nitrogenbalance 26 氮代谢nitrogenmetabolism氨毒ammoniatoxicity钙调素calmodulin CAM营养根nutritiveroot植物营养遗传学geneticsofplantnutrition植物矿质营养基因型mineralnutritiongenotypeofplant 27 植物铁载体phytosideropore表面迁移surfacemigration土壤养分soilnutrient有效性养分availablenutrient无效养分non availablenutrient土壤养分形态formofsoilnutrient 28 全氮totalnitrogen全磷totalphosphorus全钾totalpotassium可溶性养分solublenutrient水溶性养分watersolublenutrient酸溶性养分acidsolublenutrient 29 难溶性养分difficultlysolublenutrient缓效性养分slowlyavailablenutrient交换性养分exchangeablenutrient非交换性养分non exchangeablenutrient活性养分activenutrient速率因素velocityfactor 30 数量因素quantityfactor强度因素intensityfactor动力因素kineticfactor缓冲因素bufferfactor养分循环nutrientcycle养分平衡nutrientbalance 31 养分固定nutrientfixation养分吸附nutrientadsorption养分稀释nutrientreleasing养分解吸nutrientdesorption养分损失nutrientloss养分淋失leachinglossofnutrient 32 养分转化nutrienttransformationA值Avalue碳氮比C Nratio有机氮organicnitrogen无机氮inorganicnitrogen氮矿化nitrogenmineralization 33 氮转化nitrogentransformation水解氮hydrolyzablenitrogen铵态氮ammoniumnitrogen硝态氮nitratenitrogen亚硝态氮nitritenitrogen碱解氮alkali hydrolyzablenitrogen 34 酸解氮acid hydrolyzablenitrogen酰胺态氮amidenitrogen矿化速率mineralizationrate活性磷labilephosphorus枸溶性磷citricacidsolublephosphorus有机磷organicphosphorus 35 无机磷inorganicphosphorus钾平衡potassiumbalance缓效钾slowlyavailablepotassium矿物态钾mineralpotassium层间钾interlayerpotassium易还原态锰labilereductionmanganese 36 肥料fertilizer肥料品位fertilizergrade标明量declarablecontent肥料养分fertilizernutrient肥料三要素threeessentialsoffertilizer肥料分析式fertilizeranalyticformula 37 肥料配合式fertilizerformula三要素比threeessentialfertilizerratio酸性肥料acidicfertilizer中性肥料neutralfertilizer碱性肥料alkalinefertilizer生理酸性肥料physiologicalacidicfertilizer 38 生理中性肥料physiologicalneutralfertilizer生理碱性肥料physiologicalalkalinefertilizer速效肥料readilyavailablefertilizer迟效肥料delayedavailablefertilizer缓释肥料slow releasefertilizer固体肥料solidfertilizer 39 悬浮肥料suspensionfertilizer颗粒肥料granularfertilizer液体肥料liquidfertilizer气体肥料gaseousfertilizer gasfertilizer螯合肥料chelatefertilizer包膜肥料coatedfertilizer 40 叶面肥料foliarfertilizer肥料调理剂fertilizerconditioner肥料添加剂fertilizeradditive肥料填料fertilizerfiller肥料溶解度fertilizersolubility肥料养分溶解度solubilityoffertilizernutrient 41 肥料利用率utilizationrateoffertilizer无机肥料inorganicfertilizer商品肥料commercialfertilizer单质肥料straightfertilizer氮肥nitrogenousfertilizer铵态氮肥ammoniumnitrogenfertilizer 42 硝态氮肥nitratenitrogenfertilizer硝铵态氮肥ammoniumandnitratenitrogenfertilizer酰胺态氮肥amidenitrogenfertilizer氰氨态氮肥cyanamidenitrogenfertilizer缓释氮肥slow releasenitrogenfertilizer有机缓释氮肥organicslow releasenitrogenfertilizer 43 尿酶抑制剂ureaseinhibitor磷肥phosphaticfertilizer湿法磷肥wet processphosphaticfertilizer热法磷肥thermal processphosphaticfertilizer水溶性磷肥water solublephosphaticfertilizer枸溶性磷肥citrateacidsolublephosphaticfertilizer 44 难溶性磷肥difficultlysolublephosphaticfertilizer钾肥potassicfertilizer钙肥limefertilizer镁肥magnesiumfertilizer硫肥sulfurfertilizer农用食盐sodiumchloride 45 微量元素肥料micronutrientfertilizer硅肥siliceousfertilizer复合肥料compoundormixedfertilizer化成复合肥料compoundfertilizer配成复合肥料processingcompoundfertilizer复混肥料complexfertilizer 46 掺合肥料blendedfertilizer有机肥料organicfertilizer畜粪尿domesticanimalsmanure人粪尿nightsoil厩肥stablemanure堆肥compost 47 沤肥waterloggedcompost沼气肥biogasmanure秸秆肥strawmanure泥炭peat饼肥cakefertilizer腐殖酸类肥料humicfertilizer 48 绿肥greenmanure豆科绿肥leguminousgreenmanure非豆科绿肥non leguminousgreenmanure水生绿肥hydrophyticgreenmanure废弃物绿肥sludgeandrefuse微生物肥料microbialmanure 49 植物生长调节剂plantgrowthregulator营养诊断nutrientdiagnosis营养失调nutritionaldisorder营养缺乏nutritiondeficiency潜在缺乏hiddenhunger重叠缺乏overlappingdeficiency 50 临界值诊断法diagnosismethodbycriticalvalue养分临界值criticalvalueofnutrient诊断指标diagnosisindex形态诊断法morphologicaldiagnosis植株化学诊断法diagnosismethodofplantchemistry叶片分析诊断法diagnosismethodofleafanalysis 51 组织速测诊断法diagnosismethodoftissuerapidmeasurement施肥诊断法diagnosismethodoffertilization诊断施肥综合法diagnosisandrecommendationintegratedsystem叶色诊断法diagnosismethodoffoliarcolor酶学诊断法enzymologydiagnosismethod生物培养诊断法diagnosismethodofbiologicalincubation 52 显微结构诊断法diagnosisofmicrostructure植物缺素症hungersigninplant nutrientdeficiencysymptominplant耕垦症reclamationsymptom小叶症little leafsymptom簇叶症rosette失绿症chlorosis 53 鞭尾症whiptail焦灼症burntsymptom灰白症white greysymptom腐心症heartrot灰斑症greyspeck白芽症whitebud 54 牧草痉挛症grasstetany苦陷症bitterpit脐腐症blossom endrot元素毒害elementtoxicity保护地盐害saltconcentrationobstacleonprotectedland保护地气体毒害gastoxicityofprotectedland 55 施肥fertilization施肥制度fertilizationsystem肥料效应fertilizerresponse肥料效应函数fertilizerresponsefunction边际代替率marginalrateofsubstitution边际效应marginaleffect 56 边际产量 统计 marginalyield边际产值marginalprofit边际成本marginalcost边际利润marginalprofit推荐施肥fertilizationrecommendation测土施肥soiltestingandfertilizerrecommendation营养诊断施肥diagnosisnutrientandfertilization 57 养分平衡施肥balancednutrientsfertilization饱和施肥saturatedfertilization维持施肥maintenancefertilization经济施肥economicfertilization施肥技术techniqueoffertilization最高产量施肥量maximumyieldapplicationrate 58 经济最佳施肥量economicoptimumapplicationrate基肥basalfertilizer深层施肥deepplacement全层施肥wholelayerfertilization分层施肥separatedlayerfertilization集中施肥concentratedfertilization 59 撒施broadcasting种肥seedfertilizer追肥topdressing根外施肥exorootfertilization分期施肥top dressingatdifferentstages带状施肥bandapplication 60 肥料试验fertilizerexperiment