高中名词讲解及练习1

一 名词的分类 英语中名词主要可以分为可数名词和不可数名词 1 可数名词 可数名词一般都有单复数 单数时 名词前可加不定冠词 a an 复数时 前面可加数词 名词本身要改成复数形式 可数名词的复数有规则和不规则两种变化 规则的名词 只要在单数名 词之后加 s es 或去 y 加 ies 就行 如 an umbrella twelve umbrellas a factory three factories 不规则的名词变化则要靠积累记忆 如 a mouse ten mice a policeman six policemen 有少数可数名词 如 sheep works 工厂 Chinese 等 它们的单复数 同形 a sheep four sheep a chemical works five chemical works 此外 还有一些可数名词只有复数形式 如 clothes trousers cattle police people 人 人民 等 英语名词中还有一些合成词 它们的复数形式有三种可能 1 后面的部 分变成复数形式 grown ups boy students grandchildren 2 前面的部分 变成复数形式 passers by lookers on sons in law 3 前 后都变成复 数形式 men doctors women drivers 1 1 一般在词尾加 一般在词尾加 s s 一般来说 一般来说 s s 在元音或浊辅音后读在元音或浊辅音后读 z z 在清辅音后面读成 在清辅音后面读成 s s 在 在 t t 后与后与 t t 在一起读成在一起读成 ts ts 在 在 d d 后与后与 d d 一起读成一起读成 dz dz cups 杯子 days 日子 hands 手 hats 帽子 2 2 以 以 s sh ch xs sh ch x 结尾的词在词尾加 结尾的词在词尾加 eses 读 读 iz iz classes 班级 buses 公共汽车 boxes 盒子 watches 手表 3 3 以 以 元音字母 元音字母 y y 结尾的词 加 结尾的词 加 s s 读作 读作 z z 以辅音字母 以辅音字母 y y 结尾的词 结尾的词 变变 y y 为为 i i 再加 再加 eses 读 读 iz iz boy boys 男孩 army armies 军队 story stories 故事 factory factories 工厂 baby babies 宝贝 4 4 以 以 o o 结尾的词 多数加 结尾的词 多数加 s s 读 读 z z kilo kilos 公里 photo photos 照片 tobacco tobaccos 烟草 piano pianos 钢琴 以元音字母 以元音字母 o o 结尾的词一律加 结尾的词一律加 s s 读 读 z z zoo zoos 动物园 radio radios 收音机 少数以少数以 o o 结尾的词 在词尾加结尾的词 在词尾加 es es 读 读 z z tomato tomatoes 西红柿 hero heroes 英雄 potato potatoes 土豆 Negro Negroes 英雄 5 5 以 以 f f 或或 fefe 结尾的词 多数把结尾的词 多数把 f fef fe 变为变为 v v 再加 再加 eses 读 读 s s leaf leaves 树叶 thief thieves 小偷 wife wives 妻子 knife knives 小刀 shelf shelves 架子 6 6 不规则名词的复数形式 不规则名词的复数形式 1 通过变化单词内部元音字母 构成复杂形式 man men 男子 woman women 女人 foot feet 脚 goose geese 鹅 tooth teeth 牙齿 mouse mice 老鼠 child children 小 孩 2 单数形式与复数形式相同 sheep sheep 绵羊 deer deer 鹿 Chinese Chinese 中国人 Japanese Japanese 日本人 2 不可数名词 不可数名词没有单复数的变化 前面也不能加 a an 或数词 但是我们 可以用量词来表示不可数名词的数量 单复数表现在量词上 如 a piece of paper two pieces of paper 在有些情况下 不可数名词也可用 a an 表 一种 某种 的意思 如 have a wonderful time receive a good education be made into a fine paper 有时为了表示量大 不可数名词的后面也可加 s 如 sands ashes waters 等 但是我们在学习不可数名词的时候 特别要记住英语中有一些名词 它 们无论在什么情况下 前面都不能用 a an 后面也不可加 s 如 weather information 等 3 有的名词既可是可数名词 也可是不可数名词 英语中有相当一部分的名词 既可以是可数 也可以是不可数 它们的意义有时略有不同 有时则完全不同 如 difficulty success time work paper glass 等 4 用于表示可数与不可数名词的数量 多 少 的常用词和词组 跟可数名词连用的如 few a few many 跟不可数名词连用的如 little a little much 可数与不可数都能用的是 a lot of plenty of 1 This is reading room A the teacher s B teacher s C teacher s D the teachers 2 Nothing was found but broken A the room window B the room s window C the room of the window D the window of room 3 How many would you like A paper B bread C pieces of papers D pieces of bread 4 He was praised for his A brave B bravery C bravely D great brave 5 Please get me a new when you go to town A clothes B dress C clothing D trousers 6 There are 34 doctors in the hospital A woman B women C woman s D women s 7 Some are even thinner than your little finger A bamboo B bamboos C kinds of bamboo D kinds of bamboos 8 He was born in this town and now he lives in A Building second B Building Two C the Building Two D Building the Second 9 Old as he is he has to do every day A a lot of work B much works C lots of homeworks D quite a lot of homeworks 10 Jack s room is furnished with A new furnitures B many new furnitures C many new pieces of furnitures D many new pieces of furniture 11 Have you read newspaper yet A today s B Today s C the today s D your today s 12 It s not far only walk from here to our school A a ten minutes B ten minutes C a ten minutes D ten minutes 13 Last month he wrote me letter A a 1000 word B 1000 words C a 1000 words D 1000 words 14 He had a sleep yesterday A a good night B a good night C a good night s D good night s 15 is not a long way to drive A Three miles distance B Three mile distance C Three miles distance D A three mile distance 16 His isn t fit for the work Please get me A something else B somebody else C someone else s D somebody s else 17 Do you know how large is A population of China B Chinese population C China population D China s population 18 is too much for the boy to carry A The box weight B The box s weight C The weight of the box D The box of the weight 19 Excuse me how can I get to the nearest shop A shoes B shoe C shoes D shoe s 20 What weather we re having these days A nice B a nice C a bad D worse 21 They say that the meeting will be A of very important B great importance C of great importance D great important 22 I m going to call at this evening A Mr Black B the Blacks C Mr Black s D Blacks 23 What Darwin said was an attack on people s religious A belief B beliefs C beliefs D believs 24 There are some waiting for you outside A German B American C grown up D Japanese 25 Their factory has developed a kind of to help people walk A machine B machines C a machine D the machine 26 There re many in my brother s album A leafs B toys C books D stamps 27 Yesterday I went to the super market and bought a lot of A tomatoes B potatos C vegetable D meats 28 Upon hearing what I said his rose A anger B angry C angrily