高考短文改错题专项练习学案

高考短文改错题专项练习学案 为了提高做短文改错题的能力 除了要加强基础知识的积累 提高语篇的整体理解能力之 外 还应该对其错项设置的基本情况有所了解 以便做到目标明确 有的放矢 从而提高 解题的正确率 这里用口诀的形式 向同学们介绍高考英语短文改错中最常见的几类错误 短文改错口诀 动词形 名词数 注意形和副 非谓动词细辨别 习惯用法要记住 句子成分多分析 逻辑错误须关注 一 动词形 动词要注意形式的错误 主要包括两类错误 动词的时态和语态错误 以及主 谓不一致的错误 例如 My favorite sport is football I was member of our school football team is Now my picture and prize is hanging in the library are 上述两例分别属于时态错误和主 谓不一致错误 找出此类错误的关键是树立牢固的时 态概念 注意短文内容发生或存在的时间 保持时间概念的一致性 二 名词数 指名词单 复数形式的用法错误 常表现为将名词复数写成单数 例如 so that I ll get good marks in all my subject subjects 三 区分形和副 及区分形容词和副词在句子中的作用和具体用法 这也是高考短文改错的常考点 例如 I m sure we ll have a wonderfully time together wonderful Unfortunate there are too many people in my family Unfortunately 需要注意的是 形容词多用来做定 表 补语等 而副词只能在句子中作状语 修饰动 词 形容词 副词或整个句子 第一例中的 wonderful 作定语修饰 time 第二句的 Unfortunately 作状语修饰整个句子 四 非谓动词细辨别 这是考查最多的错误形式之一 主要有分词和动名词类错误 也包括不定式类错误 例 如 in my spare time but now I am interesting in football interested Play football not only makes us grow up tall and strong but also playing My parents love me and will do all they can make sure to 上述二 三例分别是动名词作主语 和不定式作目的状语 一般的 现在分词有主动态 和进行时的含义 而过去分词具有被动态和完成时的含义 不定式有将来时态的含义 五 习惯用法要记住 主要考查习惯搭配方面的基础知识 这也是历年高考的常考点 其错误表现形式主要有 三种 多词 少词和搭配错误 例如 It was very kind for them to meet me at the railway station and of We must keep in mind that we play for the team instead ourselves of 六 句子成分多分析 不同的句子成分要用不同的词类 不同的语景要选择不同的词语 这些都有待我们对句 子结构和句子成分作细致的分析 才能找出用词不当的错误 例如 They eager to know everything about China and were I live in Beijing where is the capital of China which 第一例漏掉了谓语动词 were 这是受寒于习惯的影响而导致的错误 第二例则是词类与 它在句子中的成分不相符 where 是副词 不能作主语 七 逻辑错误须关注 与句子的上 下文不一致 甚至相矛盾 属于逻辑性错误 如称谓上的张冠李戴 人名 地名 时间 方位等方面的错误 常是这类错误的考查对象 例如 The Smiths did his best to make me feel at home their First let me tell you something more about myself 去掉 more 上述第一例中的主语是 Smiths 史密斯夫妇俩 因此后面的 his 不合逻辑 第二例中 的 more 在这儿表 再 的意思 才开始告诉别人 怎么能说 再告诉你一些事 除了上述错误类型外 常考的错误形式还有 连词 but and or 和 so 的用法错误 可以归类 为逻辑错误 以及冠词的用法错误等 例如 She was smiling but nodding at me and It looks as if my parents treat me as a visitor and a guest or We may be one family and live under a same roof the 短文改错题专项练习 一 一 单句改错 下列句子各有一处错误 请改正 1 Now people get a lot of informations from TV 2 German is a European country 3 They didn t want me to do any work at family 4 Yesterday I met an old friend of my father 5 Boys and girls don t lose hearts Do better next time 6 They are of different size 7 It is so beautiful place that you must visit it 8 What a terrible weather we have been having 9 It took place in France an European country 10 Suddenly I caught a sight of my English teacher in the crowd 二 短文改错 Fang Tong is 34 years old an actor director and teacher of Beijing Opera Theatre Most of his students are from other part of 1 China and have come to Beijing at a very young age of sixteen 2 or seventeen He hopes create an environment for his students 3 that it is much more relaxing than the one he used to 4 study in He thought that an actor should relax himself when 5 performing Yet his students deep respect him and he 6 never needs to raise his voice in order to be hearing 7 For his opinion actors should go on even when they 8 feel they have made a mistake in their performances 9 because the moment is already gone but people can never 10 be back to it So art is always changing and developing 短文改错题专项练习 二 一 单句改错 下列句子各有一处错误 请改正 11 What good time we had last night 12 We shall spend three day holiday together 13 I came to understand that was not easy to earn money 14 Some parents think useless for girls to go to school 15 When he bought a chocolate cake he put them in a secret place 16 One day I wrote a little story and showed to my teacher 17 It s important that we should think over before doing anything 18 The truck was moving so fast that the driver couldn t control 19 I apologized and controlled me at my best till the dinner started 20 We must take part in the social practice to prepare us well for our future 二 短文该错 Today is Sunday I have been studying all day long On the 1 morning I had a dry breakfast We have no water to drink because 2 the water supply had cut off The water had come back in 3 the evening I did math then I didn t stop after 12 o clock After a 4 short lunch I had the break Then I went to my Sunday English Class 5 After a long and tired class for more than two hours I got 6 to ho