外文翻译-谈垂直升降类机械式停车库的设计

附录Discussed the vertical fluctuation class mechanical type stops the garage the designThe mechanical type stops the garage to divide into the fluctuation to move horizontally kind, the vertical circulation class, the level circulation class, the multilayered circulation class, the plane migration class, the tunnel piles up kind, the vertical fluctuation class, the simple fluctuation class of the same kind. Vertical fluctuation class stops the garage is refers with the elevating mechanism rises and falls the vehicles to stops the garage goal level, then deposits and withdraws the vehicles with the traversing gear construction the mechanical type parking facility. It is called the tower system three-dimensional to stop the garage or the elevator type three-dimensional stops the garage. The vertical fluctuation class stops the garage to develop quite quickly in our countrys, specially some elevator enterprises because this kind of equipment elevating mechanism part and elevator similar, this kind of equipment user and the elevator are close, already started to begin to design. According to incomplete statistics, our country parking facility production enterprise has provided more than 2,100 berth vertical fluctuations class to the society to stop the garage (namely not including import), stops in the garage berth quantity place in each kind of mechanical type row 3rd. We thought is following the our country passenger vehicle capacity fast growth, this kind will stop the garage to have the big development space in the big or media-sized cities. The vertical fluctuation class stops the garage the work process is: Saves the vehicle hour, the vehicles sails to the garage entrance, or carries from the elevating mechanism the vehicles the template to rise and fall to the goal level, then moves horizontally with the promotion organization on the installment or carries the vehicles the template feed-in saves the vehicle room; Takes the vehicle hour, by moves the installment to assign horizontally to save in the vehicle room the vehicles or carries the template to take the elevating mechanism, then rises and falls by the elevating mechanism the vehicles to the garage exit, the driver again the vehicles.The vertical fluctuation class stops the garage to stop the garage with other types to compare the characteristic is: (1) because may construct very much high, its plane and the spatial use factor is high; (2) control system advanced, causes to deposit and withdraw the vehicle rapidly, movement steady, the operating efficiency is high; (3) has the safe reliable machinery and the photoelectricity safety device, at the same time because seals up may protect from fire, security, guards against the foreign matter injury; (4) compares with the vertical circulation class, the overall system does not make the overall movement, saves the electrical energy; (5) the noise is low; (6) computer operation, easy to operate. Therefore this kind stops the garage to be suitable and so on needs the place in like the city lively central area which the vehicles centralism parks. Certainly, this kind of parking facility also has the certain shortcoming: (1) the elevating mechanism channel cannot take the parking spot use; (2) the vertical fluctuation and the level move between these 2 movements to have the intermittence horizontally, but makes the deposit and withdrawal vehicle cycle to lengthen, in recent years through the enhancement fluctuation speed, in advance let move the installment to wait for an opportunity horizontally and so on the measure obtained alleviates; (3) the disposable investment establishment needs many funds. The vertical fluctuation class stops the garage equipment quite huge, mechanism and control system quite complex, therefore emphasized some design main points are extremely essential to the entire design work development. 1st, the vertical fluctuation class stops the garage the main structureThe vertical fluctuation class stops the garage the main structure to see Figure 1, under narrates separately. 1.1 steel structures steel structures frame includes: (1) the main structure frame, uses in withstanding the garage own part weight and storing the vehicles weight (to stop room through strut to carry vehicle plate girder), most outer layer Bao Zhuowai the dalle (may serve as spurts draws outdoors product label advertisement or adds on television curtain wall); (2) the internal structure support, uses in constituting saves Che Shi and the strut stops in the garage some machineries and the electrical part. The steel structure design manufacture should conform to GB/T 3,811 Hoist crane Design Standard stipulation; When necessity may soak the zinc or the electricity to some steel structure frames galvanizes. 1.2 years templates carry the template to lay aside carry on the vehicle plate girder in a steel structure center, uses in transporting and the request vehicles. Carries the template to be supposed to use the non- burning material manufacture, the quality wants to be light but should have the enough intensity and the rigidity, also ought to be able to prevent the liquid dripping of a water clock. Carries the template to be possible to divide into the frame posture according to the structural style and to put together the typeface. 1.3 elevating gears elevating gear includes: (1) haulage actuation machine, namely electrical machinery, decelerator and brake; (2) the transmission part, (or rises and falls chain link, chain wheel) including the steel wire and the pulley and so on; (3) the conveyance, by carries the chassis and moves the chute to be composed, carries the chassis is the rectangular frame horizontally which and the front cross is composed by the about mull on, uses in when the fluctuation request vehicles; (4) to heavy and the balanced chain, the elevator designers regarding this quite is all familiar; (5) rises and falls the guide rail and to the heavy guide rail. The haulage actuation machine (or chain link) causes through the steel wire to carry the chassis to rise and fall, at the same time to the heavy corresponding movement, the balancing weight, like this is also advantageous in reduces the electrical machinery power.1.4 moves the installment to have at present horizontally many kinds of moves horizontally the installment design pattern. Moves horizontally regarding the universal sliding yoke sliding yoke type installs said that, its work process is the electrical machinery through the chain drive impetus major axis rotation, the major axis beginnings and ends through the chain link, the chain wheel impetus beginnings and ends three levels of sliding yoke sliding yokes makes the crosswise synchronized movement, realizes the vehicles to move horizontally. Three levels of sliding yoke sliding yokes by the support plate, the guide pulley, the 23rd level of sliding yoke sliding yoke, the chain wheel, the rack and the gear box and so on are composed. Second level of, in the third level of sliding yoke sliding yoke chain drive is equipped with the stroke to multiply the organization. 1.5 fluctuations turning gear fluctuation turning gear by the hydraulic system, the erector, the rotary abutment and so on partially is composed. When needs to rise, the hydraulic pump actuates the hydraulic cylinder to cause to cut forks the type erector to open but elevates; When drop, causes the cylinder discharge through the cross valve using the rotary abutment dead weight but to drop. When needs to rotate, actuates the decelerator through the oil motor, its output pinion actuates the rotation bull wheel to complete the rotation movement. 1.6 electricities control system electricity control system is the vertical fluctuation class stops one of garage core technologies, it acts according to operates the input instruction to complete through the computer procedure saves the vehicle, takes the vehicle to act completely, relates directly to deposits and withdraws the vehicle the speed. The electricity control system mainly includes: (1) supplies power the part, provides the power source which each kind of movement needs and corresponding short-circuits, the overload, lacks, the wrong equal power source automatic protection; (2) procedure control section.According to the input instruction carries on the deposit and withdrawal vehicle procedure analysis, outputs each kind of control movement instruction; (3) summons the control panel and the signal instruction part, uses in inputting the deposit and withdrawal vehicle instruction, demonstrated the working mode active status or the breakdown information, the operation movement may use the completely automatic movement or the manual decomposition movement way; (4) modulates velocity the part, compared with is uses the frequency changer control electrical machinery or the pumping station realization fluctuation speed which is advanced, moves horizontally the speed adjustment; (5) the breakdown automatic tracking examines and processes the part. 1.7 safekeepings of security installment safekeeping of security equipment should conform to GB17907-1999 Mechanical type Parking facility General Security Request. Is equipped with generally: (1) urgently stops the switch; (2) prevented ultra limits the movement installment (skip distance limit switch); (3) the steam vehicle commander, the width, are high, the heavy limit installment; (4) the traffic blocked installment (prevented vehicles slide on conveyance); (5) carries on the template the automobile position detector set; (6) comes in and goes out the river mouth, the railing interconnection security check installment; (7) guards against overlap saves the vehicle automatic detection installment; (8) the vehicles difference stops when the garage the police shows the installment; (9) the elevating gear loses speed flushes goes against with the bottom protective device (for example conveyance, buffer and to heavy buffer); (10) the vehicles difference stops the garage automatic valve to guard against clamps the installment; (11) the vehicles gate ball opens automatically stops moving the protective device; (12) power cut when applies the brake and restores when the normal operation protection and so on.1.8 stops the garage gate to stop the garage gate is refers to the vehicles difference to stop the garage the gate, the main function prevents the conveyance has not parked to the accurate position when personnels entering; Nobody safeguards when prevented the idler enters. 1.9 other appurtenances other appurtenances include: (1) ventilates, discharges fume with the heating equipment; (2) lighting attachment; (3) fire fighting equipment; (4) drainage; (5) lightning protection facility; (6) power equipment; (7) monitors and automatically costs the equipment and so on. 2nd, the vertical fluctuation class stops the garage the pattern and disposition country mechanical profession standard JB/T8713-1998 and construction industry profession standard JG/T5105-1998 listed the vertical fluctuation class to stop the garage the different pattern. The vertical fluctuation class stops the garage the pattern choice to be supposed to act according to saves the vehicle room quantity, the locus principle position transportation situation, the building scale and the layout, may the use land area and the space and so on the concrete condition but decides.2.1 saves Che Shi the distributed condition vertical fluctuation class to stop the garage to save the vehicle room distributed condition to include: (1) fluctuation, also divides into the single row type (including row type, tandem type, longitudinal tandem type) and the rearrangement type; (2) the column, saves Che Shicheng the distribution, some are the entire elevating gear in rises and falls in the channel to rotate, some only is the conveyance in rises and falls in the channel to rotate; (3) rises and falls the plane migration, namely carries the template to make the plane vertically and horizontally completes the deposit and withdrawal vehicle work to the motion operation and the elevator connection; (4) rises and falls the plane rotation, namely carries the template to make the plane rotation operation and the elevator connection completes the deposit and withdrawal vehicle work; (5) the cross, may rotate the elevator in assumes the cruciform distribution to save among the vehicle room, with carries the vehicle plate girder connection through the elevator fluctuation and the rotation operation to complete the deposit and withdrawal vehicle work. 2.2 vehicles accesses arrangement conditionThe vehicles access and the ground relative position is: The access ground may in entire stop the garage on most, next or middle position no matter what, namely so-called upside comes in and goes out the type, lower part comes in and goes out the type or among comes in and goes out the type. The vehicles exportation and the entrance may be identical (turns back type); Also may around set up 1 separately (straight general formula), causes the vehicles quite conveniently front door to enter, the back door leaves. 2.3 haulages actuations machine position and the type of drive fluctuation uses the haulage actuation machine may put in entire stops the garage the crown (on to actuate type), also may put in entire stops the garage the base (next to actuate type), is similar in the elevator on engine room and under the engine room pattern. The fluctuation movement may use the steel wire, the pulley transmission, also may use the chain link, the chain wheel transmission. 2.4 horizontal rotary abutments establishment horizontal rotary abutments establishment: (1) does not suppose the horizontal rotary abutment, such vehicles must enter the vehicle advance (backlash), dispatch a vehicle the backlash (advance), moreover the request saves Che Shi the length direction to be supposed and the access channel direction parallel; (2) outside sets at the horizontal rotary abutment, does this mainly solves the vehicles because to stop the garage and the path relative position inconveniently causes goes into storage the radius of turn excessively to be small the question which but difficulty with drives; (3) in sets at the horizontal rotary abutment, does this may realize the advance to go into storage, to go forward the storehouse operation, and the permission saves Che Shi the length direction and the access channel direction is vertical.2.5 year Che Hengyi way carries Che Hengyi the way to include: (1) the sliding yoke sliding yoke carries the car type, the vehicles with carries the template to promote together, also with carries the template horizontally to move together by three levels of sliding yoke sliding yokes installments to saves the vehicle room; (2) the chain drive carries the car type, the vehicles with carries the template to promote together, also with carries the template horizontally to move together by the chain drive to saves the vehicle room; (3) combs the fork to carry the car type, the vehicles combs by the elevating gear in forks the promotion, also through combs forks moves horizontally the vehicles delivers to saves on the fork tooth which the vehicle room interlocks; (4) the caterpillar band transports the type, the conveyance the trailing wheel place has two driving caterpillar bands in front of the vehicles, after a short while saves in the vehicle room horizontally by these two driving caterpillar bands impetus the passive caterpillar band, delivers the vehicles to saves the vehicle room. 2.6 stops the garage with to stop the garage, to stop the garage to stop the garage with other buildings relative relations regarding 2 vertical fluctuations class: (1) may the relatively independent construction; (2) may juxtapose the combination construction (access face unidirection); (2) may the tandem combination construction (access back to, face reverse direction). Above 2 may juxtapose and the tandem mix construction.The vertical fluctuation class stops the garage to be possible alone from to become the building, namely independent establishment, steel structure outside bread outside dalle; Also may construct in the building facade or in internal reinforced concrete well, saves the berth with the steel frame structure constitution. 2.7 suitably stops the vehicles size and the quality specification vertical fluctuation class stops the garage suitably to stop the vehicles according to it the size and the quality specification may divide into the medium passenger vehicle, the large-scale passenger vehicle, the extra large type passenger vehicle, the ultra-large type passenger vehicle class stops the garage.3rd, the vertical fluctuation class stops several conditions which in the garage design should pay attention about the vertical fluctuation class to stop the establishment condition which the garage the design conditions as well as the next chapter will involve to be possible to refer to the mechanical profession standard which will request authorization Vertical Fluctuation Class Mechanical type Parking facility as well as in 1999 version Japan Mechanical type Saves Garage Technical standard And Mechanical type (three-dimensionally Saves Garage Management Standard by Japan to save garage industrial association publication) and so on the material. Under simply introduced in some designs should pay attention several conditions. 3.1 basic parameters basic parameters mainly have: (1) suitably stops the vehicles the size and the quality (has involved in 2.7th); (2) saves the capacity, saves the capacity more the better, but should guarantee stops the garage to be smooth but safely moves; (3) the bicycle enters () the time most greatly. The design stops when most greatly the garage saves the capacity, should consider the following parameter: Should stop when the garage full load movement the complete vehicles leave go into