高三英语复习

高三英语复习 复习总表 实词名 动 形 副 数 代 词 类 虚词 冠 介 连 叹 成分主 谓 表 宾 宾补 定 状 种类 用途 陈述句 肯定 否定 疑问句 一般疑问句 特殊疑问 句 选择疑问句 反意疑问句 祈使句 感叹句 句 子 种类 结构 简单句 并列句 复合句 名词性从句 定语从句 状语 从句 构 词 法 派生法 合成法 转化法 题 型 单项选择 15 分 完形填空 30 分 阅读理解 50 分 补全对话 10 分 英汉互译 20 分 书面表 达 25 分 说 明 一 名词 复习重点 1 名词词义辨析 特别是同义词和近义词的辨析 2 抽象名词具体化和名词固定搭配 3 名词的数 可数与不可数 单数与复数 4 名词的所有格及其句法功能 一 名词的类别及其句法功能 类别意义例词基本用法 个体 名词 表示某类人或 事物中的个体 student 学生 worker 工人 compute 计算 机 可 数 名 词 集体 名词 表示若干人或 某类事物的组 合体 family 家庭 group 组 people 人们 1 有单 复之分 2 其前通常有 冠词等限定词 物资 名词 表示物资 材 料或不易分为 个体的东西 water 水 cotton 棉花 paper 纸 抽象 名词 性质 状态 行 为 感情 概念 等的名称 motion 运动 length 长度 happiness 幸 福 普 通 名 词 不 可 数 名 词 总括 名词 同类事物的总 称而非具体物 件 clothing 衣物 baggage 行李 furniture 家具 1 通常没有复 数形式 其前不 能用冠词 a an 2 表 数量用 数 量 名 of 等结构 专人名或家表示人的名字Kate 凯特 1 专有名词的 族姓氏或家族姓氏 Mary 玛丽 地域名称国家 城市 山 川 河流 湖泊 等名称 China 中国 London 伦敦 the West Lake 西湖 机构和组 织名称 组织 机构 报 刊等的名称 The United Nations 联合 国 有 名 词 特陈名词语种 月份 星 期 节日等的 名称 English 英语 May 五月 Sunday 星期日 第一个字母必 须大写 词组构 成的除虚词外 实词的第一个 字母要大写 2 在姓氏复数 名词前加 the 指一家人或夫 妇二人 如 the Greens 主语Night is falling 夜幕降临 表语It was a clear night 那是一个明朗的夜晚 宾语I spent a night in Shanghai 我在上海过了一夜 宾补We consider it an unforgettable night 我们认 为这是一个难忘的夜晚 状语 Henry works hard day and night 亨利日日夜夜 努力工作 句 子 成 分 定语They study in a night school 他们在一所夜校里 学习 名词作定语表示性质 特征 目的 来源 材料 类别 地点 用途等 二 名词的复数构成 规则形式 单数词尾方 法 例 词 备 注 一般词尾加 s book books day days 为 s x sh ch 加 es box boxes stomach stomachs 胃 辅音字母 o 加 es hero heroes potato potatoes tomato tomatoes Negro negroes Zero volcano cargo es s 元音字母 o 及辅 音字母 o 加 s zoo zoos photo grah photos piano solo video kilo 等词 辅音字母 y 改 y 为 i 再 加 es city cities family families five Mary five Marys 以 y 结 尾的专有名词加 s 为 f fe改 leaf leaves handkerchief handkerchieves f f e 为 v 加 es knife knives half life wife shelf self loaf wolf thief handkerchiefs 2 roof proof chief belief safe cliff gulf 这些词后加 s 无主体后加 s esgrown up grown ups复合名词 有主体主体上加 s es brother in law brothers in law 三 名词的复数 不规则形式 方法例 词备 注 a e oo ee ou i man men woman women foot feet tooth teeth goose geese mouse mice manworker menworkers Frenchman French men boy friend boy friends German Roman human s en ren ox oxen child children 单复同 形 fish fish deer deer sheep sheep Chinese Chinese Japanese Japanese means means Swiss Swiss species species series series fish 表多少条鱼时单复同 形 表种类 es 表鱼肉为不可 数 um a is es on a datum data medium media crisis crises basis bases phenomenon phenomena 源于拉丁文或希腊文 两部分构成scissors trousers shorts shoes pants jeans compasses scales glasses 以 ing 收尾belongings surroundings savings findings earnings 常用复 数形式 其他情形Contents 目录 arms 武器 remains thanks goods 货 物 congratulations outskirts 郊区 clothes forces stairs s 结尾 表单意 学科或其他physics maths mathematics politics optics 光学 the United States economics 经济学 news 形单意 复 people 人们 police cattle 牛 总称 public 公众 poultry 家禽 此外 1 有些名词在一定的词组中用复数形式 如 take pains 下功夫 make arrangements 作安排 make preparations 作准备 give regards to 问候 give respects to 致敬意 be in high low spirits 情绪高 低 1 有些和数词连用的名词 表复数仍保持单数形式 如 two dozen eggs 两打鸡蛋 three hundred books 三百本书 但其复数 表示很多 如 dozens of eggs 数打鸡蛋 hundreds of books 数百本书 还 有 score scores of million millions of thousand thousands of billion billions of 四 可数名词与不可数名词 对 比可数名词不可数名词 计 数单复之分仅单数 基数词受修饰 据意用复数不受修饰 类似数词some a few many Some a little much 基数 量名 of 可用 意义定单复可用 量名体现单复 a an受修饰不受修饰 注意 1 有些不可数名词在表示抽象的特征 状态 或者一次行为时 就成了可数名词 如句子 Success is the mother of failure The party last night was a great success 一些短语 have a good time make an apology have a look have a wonderful big lunch 2 hair fruit tea 和通常都作单数表总体 例如 His hair is white 他的头发花白 The fruit is fresh 水果是新鲜 但表若干根头发 若干种水果 茶时就有单复之分 例如 He had a few white hairs 他有几根白头发 She likes pears peaches and other juicy fruits 她喜欢梨 桃和其他多 汁的水果 2 wind rain snow 表一场 阵有单复数 一般前有修饰语 3 有些物质名词由上下文决定可数与不可数 He ate a chicken 他吃了一只鸡 I don t like chicken 我不喜欢鸡肉 A glass is made of glass 玻璃杯是由玻璃制成的 5 be of 抽象名词 表达的意义相当于一个形容词 如 be of importance be important be of great value be very valuable be of help be helpful 6 单复表不同意义 time 时间 times 时代 wood 木头 woods 森林 sand 沙子 sands 沙漠 paper 纸 papers 试卷 论文 报纸 iron 铁 irons 脚镣 手铐 cloth 布 clothes 衣服 glass 玻璃 glasses 玻璃杯 眼镜 water 水 waters 水域 海域 work 工作 works 工厂 程 事 作品 force 力量 forces 军队 good 益处 goods 货物 manner 态度 manners 礼貌 spirit 精神 spirits 心情 情绪 content 内容 contents 目录 green 绿色 greens 蔬菜 people 人们 peoples 民族 look 看 looks 外貌 ground 地面 grounds 围院 custom 风俗 习惯 customs 海关 ash 灰 ashes 骨灰 5 名词所有格的构成和用法 类别构成及用法例 词 备 注 单 数 通常在词尾 加 s my mother s bag the horse s tail s 结尾的复 数名词只加 the students reading room the teachers desk 用于 有生 命的 名词 复 数 不 s 以结尾 的复数 加 s Women s Day children s readings 1 以 s 结 尾的专 有名词 加 s 或 2 二者共 有后一 个加 s 分有各 自加 s 时间的名词 加 s s in today s newspaper two days vacation 距离 量度的 名词加 s s a kilometer s distance three tons weight 用 于 无 生 命 的 名 词 词 尾 s 或 s 国家 星球 城市 海洋等 加 s s China s population the sun s rays 1 团体 机构 书报杂 志等 2 某些习 语 at a stone s throw 近 在咫尺 表物的所属the surface of the machine the roof of the house Of 的名词前常有一个限定 词 Have you read any works of Lu Xun s Of 的名词前常可用指示代 词 That answer of Li Dong s wasn t right of 名 词 的 结 构 名词 of 名词 s s 双重所有格 Of 后带的名词常表具体的 人名或名物代 This is a child of Mr Green s theirs 有生命 的名词 较长或 前有较 长定语 可用 of 名词 被名词所有格所修饰的名词的省略 1 所有格修饰的词 前已提到可省略 This is not Marry s dictionary but John s 2 两个名词所有格所修饰的词是同样的 可省去一个或合用一个 Is this Tom s jacket or Bob s 3 表店铺 某人的家及公共建筑物时 被修饰的名词可省去 I met her at the doctor s room 练习 1 I bought yesterday A two boxes of milk B two boxes of milks C two box of milk D two box of milks 2 Let s stop by the on the way there A flowers shop B flower s shop C flower shop D flowers shop 3 I need cloth for I m going to make clothes A a lot of many B much much C many many D many a lot of 4 The village is far away from here indeed It s walk A a four hour B a four hour s C a four hours D a four hour 5 Miss Smith is a friend of A Mary s mother s B Mary s mother C mother s of Mary D Mary mother s 6 There are apples for you on the table A much B a couple of C the number of D a little 7 I put sugar in my milk A a few B a spoon C some D few 8 My sister is going to get married and she has bought many A furnitures B furrniture C furniture pieces D pieces of furniture 9 I have got on the project A many information B much information C some informations D many informations 10 He has spent a large of money on his new house A deal B amount C number D piece 11 When we arrived at the park we took rest A a few minutes B a few minute s C a little minute s D little minutes 12 There are sixty in our school A women teachers B woman teachers C women teacher D woman s teacher 13 A large number of students watching TV in their spare time A likes B like C liked D liking 14 The number of pandas in the zoo about six A is B are C were D am 15 Our leader and teacher often us with our study A helping B helps C is helping D are helping 16 She has improved her English since she took her teacher s A advices B advice C advise D advises 17 You will find the of this book which is great in helping you to understand life A cost B value C price D usefulness 18 My teacher asked me to write a composition A three thousands words B three thousands word C three thousand word D three thousand words 19 Last Sunday I met a friend of in the street A my sister B my sisters C my sister s D me sister 20 There are thirty and twenty girls in my class A boy students B boys students C boy student D boys students 21 The Chinese people A is a great people B are a great people C are great people D are great peoples 22 Something was wrong with car but luckily they knew how to fix it A Jim s and Tom s B Jim and Tom s C Jim s and Tom D Jim and Tom 23 He is a friend of A Kate s father s B Kate s father C Father s of Kate D Kate father 24 The news of victories got round quickly A is B are C have been D 25 The rich not always happy A are B is C have D has 26 Your trousers dirty you must have washed A is it B are it C is them D are them 27 He including his parents this novel A like B likes C are like D is like 28 There are three in our class A Zhou s B zhous C zhous D Zhous s 29 This bridge is long A ten meters B ten meter C ten meters D ten meters 30 Mother made a new skirt with two meters of A clothes B cloth C dress D cloths 31 If these trousers are too big buy a small A one B copy C pair D set 32 He dropped the and broke it A cup of coffee B coffee s cup C cup coffee D coffee cup 33 Let s have a break A ten minute s B ten minutes C ten minutes D ten minute 34 should be strict with A Teacher a student B The teachers students C Teachers students D Teachers a student 35 They played on the for an hour and when they returned they found their goods stolen A sand were B sand was C sands were D sands was 36 You should take more Don t always sit at the desk busy doing your A exercise exercise B exercises exercises C exercises exercise D exercise exercises 37 is made of A Glass the glass B A glass glass C Glass glass D A glass a glass 38 In Britain are all printed red A letter boxes B letters boxes C letter box D letters box 39 This is an old photo of my mother s when she had and now she has A short hair grey hairs B short hair grey hairs C short hair grey hair D short hairs grey hair 40 There are four and two in the group A Japanese Germen B Japaneses Germen C Japanese German D Japanese germans 41 This is the first time in our that we have come to Beijing A life B live C lives D lifes 42 He gained his by printing of famous writers A wealth work B wealths works C wealths work D wealth works 43 Here s my card Let s keep in A connection B relation C touch D friendship 44 What about having a drink A Good id