完形填空——夹叙夹议类-2017年高考英语百日突围系列

完形填空完形填空 夹叙夹议类夹叙夹议类 方法与技巧方法与技巧 1 考纲要求 夹叙夹议的文章是高考完形填空中最有难度的 也是最热点的一类体裁 所选文章语 言地道 寓意深刻 可读性强 文章常常在平淡的叙述中蕴含着深刻的人生哲理 此类选 材倾向于注重短文本身的教育意义 作者首先叙述一件事 在叙述过程中或结束后发表自 己的看法或由此事引出一个深刻的社会问题 文章的显著特点是首句可能在传达一个事件 信息或透视一种社会现象 而后对此进行高层次评价 或由此引发一种深层次思考 具有 记叙与议论的双重性 文情并茂 发人深思 解题时 应借助上下文乃至全文的语境揣摩 作者的心境 及其对各个角色 各个事件的态度 2 命题规律 一 先叙述作者自己的某一个生活经历或见闻 然后针对这一事件发表自己对生活的 看法 或揭示生活的真理 二 作者先提出一种观点或看法 然后围绕这一观点或看法用具体的事例加以说明 有时也可能是用几个事例从不同的侧面来说明 三 提出一种观点或见解 然后用某一事例来阐述这一观点 最后再进一步地总结和 升华 夹叙夹议型完形填空的备考策略 夹叙夹议的文章是高考完形填空中最热点的一类体裁 所选文章语言地道 寓意深刻 可 读性强 此类完形填空一般有以下三种结构特点 1 事例 观点 先叙述作者自己亲历或所见所闻的一件事情 然后针对这件事情发 表自己对生活的看法 或揭示生活的真理 2 观点 事例 先提出一种观点或看法 然后围绕这一观点或看法用具体的事例来 说明 一般是一个事例 有时也会用几个事例从不同的侧面加以说明 3 观点 事例 观点 提出一种观点或看法 然后用事例说明 最后再进一步阐 述或总结自己的观点 解题时 要做到 1 读好短文首句 琢磨文章内容 完形填空的首句一般不设空 是完整的一句话 信 息就从这里开始 他暗示或告诉读者下文将会说什么 正确的利用首句信息对于把握文章 的大意是极其重要和有效的 2 感受文体风格 领会作者意图 文章的写作风格往往能表现出作者的思想倾向和情 感态度 因此分析作者是否一直用某种态度叙述某件事情 就能正确地把握反映作者思想 情感的关键词 解题建议 一 抓住作者在第一句话中交代的人物的姓名 身份 业绩或事件发生的时间 地点 事件的发生 发展以及最后得出的结果 二 不仅要理解文章的字面意思 更重要的是挖掘文章的内涵 尤其要体味议论部分 因为该部分往往是文章的升华 三 要跟着作者的思路读全文 思维要有灵活性 要随着记叙与议论的转换 及时调 整思维方式 体验高考体验高考 2016 全国卷 Hundreds of people have formed impressions of you through that little device 装置 on your desk And they ve never actually 21 you Everything they know about you 22 through this device sometimes from hundreds of miles away 23 they feel they can know you 24 from the sound of your voice That s how powerful the 25 is Powerful yes but not always 26 For years I dealt with my travel agent only by phone Rani my faceless agent whom I d never met 27 got me rock bottom prices on airfares cars and hotels But her cold voice really 28 me I sometimes wished to 29 another agent One morning I had to 30 an immediate flight home for a family emergency I ran into Rani s office 31 The woman sitting at the desk 32 my madness sympathetically jumped up She gave me a 33 smile nodded while listening patiently and then printed out the 34 immediately What a wonderful lady I thought Rushing out 35 I called out over my shoulder By the way what s your name I m Rani she said I turned around and saw a 36 woman with a big smile on her face waving to wish me a safe trip I was 37 Why had I thought she was cold Rani was well so 38 Sitting back in the car on the way to the airport I figured it all out Rani s 39 her warm smile her nods her I m here for you 40 were all silent signals that didn t travel through wires 21 A accepted B noticed C heard D met 22 A came B moved C ran D developed 23 A Thus B Yet C Then D Indeed 24 A rather B also C just D already 25 A telephone B voice C connection D impression 26 A direct B useful C easy D accurate 27 A in person B by myself C in public D on purpose 28 A annoyed B interested C discouraged D confused 29 A promote B train C find D know 30 A arrange B postpone C confirm D book 31 A for the first time B at any time C from time to time D in good time 32 A expecting B seeing C testing D avoiding 33 A shy B comforting C familiar D forced 34 A bill B form C ticket D list 35 A hopefully B disappointedly C gratefully D regretfully 36 A careful B serious C nervous D pleasant 37 A amused B worried C helpless D speechless 38 A calm B nice C proud D clever 39 A forgiveness B eagerness C friendliness D skilfulness 40 A explanation B attitude C concept D behaviour 21 D 根据空格前面的 formed impressions of you through that little device 装置 on your desk 和后面的 Everything they know about you 可知 他们了解你是通过你桌子上的电 话 而不是通过和你见面而留下印象 accept 接受 notice 注意到 hear 听见 meet 见面 22 A 根据空格前面的 Everything they know about you 和后面的 through this device 可知 他们对你的了解来自这个装置 23 B 根据上下文的意思 虽然你们之间的距离很远 但是他们只要通过你的声音 就 可以了解你 可知 这里是转折的关系 因此答案为 B 24 C 别人只要通过声音就可以了解你 此处使用 just 表示强调 rather 相当地 also 也 just 只是 already 已经 25 A 根据下文的 only by phone 以及第一段中的信息可知 此处指电话 26 D 结合文章倒数第二段的 Why had I thought she was cold 可知 作者通过讲述 这个故事 说明了有的时候电话联系不太准确 direct 直接的 useful 有用的 easy 容易的 accurate 正确无误的 27 A in person 亲自 by myself 靠自己 in public 当众 on purpose 故意地 A 项与空前 的 faceless 形成呼应 Rani 是代理人 但是 我 从来没有与 Rani 碰过面 28 A 结合前面的 her cold voice 她冰冷的声音 可知 Rani 的声音让作者感到恼怒 甚 至想过要换一个代理人 这说明 我 对她的声音很反感 29 C 与前面的 annoyed 呼应 由于这个代理人的声音让作者感到恼怒 所以作者想换 一个代理人 因此与 find 的意义一致 30 D 结合空格后面的 an immediate flight home for a family emergency 可知 因为 家庭中的紧急情况 所以作者需要预订一个航班 31 A 因为情况紧急 所以作者第一次来到了 Rani 的办公室 32 B 结合空格前面的 The woman sitting at the desk 和后面的 my madness sympathetically jumped up 可知 坐在桌子旁边的那位女士 看见 我 的慌张 立即站了起来 33 B 结合后面的 nodded while listening patiently 可知这位女士对待作者的态度 非常友好 因此 B 项符合语境 shy 害羞的 comforting 安慰的 familiar 熟悉的 forced 被迫的 34 C 根据上文的 an immediate flight home 和下文的 Sitting back in the car on the way to the airport 可知 这位女士马上给作者打印了机票 35 C 根据上文的 What a wonderful lady I thought 可知 作者认为这位女士帮了 自己大忙 因此作者非常感激这位女士 hopefully 充满希望地 disappointedly 感到失望地 gratefully 感激地 regretfully 遗憾地 38 B 凭借在电话里的印象 我 认为 Rani 很冷漠 却没有想到实际生活中的 Rani 是如 此善良 39 C 结合后文中的 her warm smile her nods her I m here for you 可知 Rani 对 我 非 常友好 并没有电话中的那种冷漠的感觉 forgiveness 谅解 eagerness 渴望 skilfulness 熟练 40 B Rani 友好的态度并没有从电话线中传递过去 B 项指 Rani 接待 我 的友好的态度 故 B 项正确 explanation 解释 attitude 态度 concept 概念 behaviour 行为 2 2016 全国卷 阅读下面的短文 从短文后各题所给的四个选项 A B C 和 D 中 选出可以填入空白 处的最佳选项 When I was 13 my only purpose was to become the star on our football team That meant 21 Miller King who was the best 22 at our school Football season started in September and all summer long I worked out I carried my football everywhere for 23 Just before September Miller was struck by a car and lost his right arm I went to see him after he came back from 24 He looked very 25 but he didn t cry That season I 26 all of Miller s records while he 27 the home games from the bench We went 10 1 and I was named most valuable player 28 I often had crazy dreams in which I was to blame for Miller s 29 One afternoon I was crossing the field to go home and saw Miller 30 going over a fence which wasn t 31 to climb if you had both arms I m sure I was the last person in the world he wanted to accept 32 from But even that challenge he accepted I 33 him move slowly over the fence When we were finally 34 on the other side he said to me You know I didn t tell you this during the season but you did 35 Thank you for filling in for 36 His words freed me from my bad 37 I thought to myself how even without an arm he was more of a leader Damaged but not defeated he was 38 ahead of me I was right to have 39 him From that day on I grew 40 and a little more real 21 A cheering for B beating out C relying on D staying with 22 A coach B student C teacher D player 23 A practice B show C comfort D pleasure 24 A school B vacation C hospital D training 25 A pale B calm C relaxed D ashamed 26 A held B broke C set D tried 27 A reported B judged C organized D watched 28 A and B then C but D thus 29 A decision B mistake C accident D sacrifice 30 A stuck B hurt C tired D lost 31 A steady B hard C fun D fit 32 A praise B advice C assistance D apology 33 A let B helped C had D noticed 34 A dropped B ready C trapped D safe 35 A fine B wrong C quickly D normally 36 A us B yourself C me D them 37 A memories B ideas C attitudes D dreams 38 A still B also C yet D just 39 A challenged B cured C invited D admired 40 A healthier B bigger C cleverer D cooler 22 D 由后文内容可知 Miller King 是学校足球队最棒的队员 我 要想成为学校足球队 的明星 就必须要战胜学校里最优秀的足球队员 23 A 由上文 all summer long I worked out 可知为了实现梦想 我 随身带着足球随 时 练习 故选 practice 24 C 由上文可知 就在九月份比赛开始之前 Miller 被车撞了 失去了右臂 因此 我 是在 Miller 从医院 hospital 回来之后去看望他的 25 A 病人刚出院时面色是苍白的 pale 26 B 我 打破了 Miller 所保持的全部纪录 break a record 意为 打破纪录 27 D 由语境可知此时 Miller 是坐在凳子上看 我 比赛 故选 watch 28 C 我 虽然被命名为最有价值的队员 可是 我 常常做噩梦 由句子间的逻辑关系 可知 此处是转折关系 29 C 梦中 我 常常因 Miller 的事故受到责备 此处表明 我 虽然成为校足球队的明星 可是 我 心里并不好过 如果不是 Miller 因意外车祸丧失了右臂 也许 我 不会有今天的成 功 30 A 一天下午 我 在经过运动场回家时 看到 Miller 在翻越栅栏时被困住了 由下文 如果你有两只手臂翻越栅栏不会有困难 可知 只有一只手臂的 Miller 此时遇到了困难 stick 意为 卡住 困住 动不了 符合语境 故选 A 项 31 B 如果用两只手臂翻越一个栅栏是不困难的 故选 hard 32 C 句意 我 相信 我 是这个世界上他最不想要接受帮助的人 assistance 意为 帮 助 33 B 由 But even that challenge he accepted 可知 我 帮助他慢慢翻过栅栏 34 D 由 move slowly over the fence 慢慢翻过栅栏 可知 我们 最终安全地到了 栅栏的另一边 35 A 由 I was named most valuable player 可知 Miller 夸 我 这个赛季表现得好 do fine 意为 做得不错 36 C Miller 本来就是学校足球队的最优秀选手 只是因为车祸而与足球失之交臂 他 感谢 我 为他完成了他没有完成的心愿 这里是直接引语 故用 me 3 2016 四川卷 阅读下面短文 从短文后各题所给的四个选项 A B C 和 D 中 选出可以填入空白处 的最佳选项 Lainey finished third grade She had good grades and could read 41 grade level but she did not like to read On a family car trip her Aunt Dede pulled out a copy of Harry Potter as a surprise for her 42 But Lainey took one look at it 43 her eyes and said Borrrring Aunt Dede a teacher had read the book to her students and they loved it 44 the youngest children in the class were 45 by the story They 46 with great interest and then 47 joined in grand conversations about Harry s adventures How can you say it s 48 Have you read it asked Aunt Dede No it s too long and it doesn t have any 49 complained Lainey Oh that s where you are 50 there are lots of pictures Every page is full of pictures you just have to read the words to 51 them It s like magic Nice try Aunt Dede Lainey replied 52 from the back seat Another 53 was in order Well if you don t want to read it give it 54 Maybe your mum would 55 hearing the story The book sailed through the air to Aunt Dede and she began to read it aloud By the end of the first chapter 56 were coming from the back seat Please read a little 57 Lainey is an example of an 58 reader As shown here Lainey can become 59 about reading when 60 with literature on topics that interest her and when the people around her model involvement in the reading process 41 A within B on C to D above 42 A daughter B niece C student D friend 43 A opened B dried C rolled D shaded 44 A Even B StillC Just D Yet 45 A surprised B annoyed C puzzled D attracted 46 A read B toldC listened D wrote 47 A suspectedly B anxiouslyC calmly D enthusiastically 48 A amazing B boringC ridiculous D humorous 49 A pictures B storiesC adventures D conversations 50 A crazy B foolish C wrong D different 51 A see B matchC show D recognize 52 A sourly B patientlyC eagerly D shyly 53 A idea B tryC belief D behaviour 54 A away B outC in D back 55 A enjoy B admitC mind D finish 56 A decisions B requests C comments D promises 57 A more clearly B longer C louder D more carefully 58 A unpleasant B innocent C unwilling D independent 59 A astonished B worried C confused D excited 60 A presented B concerned C disturbed D replaced 文章大意 本文是一篇夹叙夹议的文章 本文通过 Aunt Dede 成功引导其侄女 Lainey 读书的事例向读者阐明了兴趣和榜样的力量会成功引导孩子进行阅读 43 C 根据后面 Lainey 所说的 boring 一词可以判断此处为短语 roll one s eyes 翻白眼 表示 不屑一顾 不感兴趣 44 A 作为老师的 Dede 阿姨曾向她的学生读过这本书 学生很喜欢 甚至连班上最小 的孩子也被其故事所吸引 even 即便 甚至 45 D 由下一句中 with great interest 可知孩子们被这个故事所吸引 attract 吸引 surprise 感到惊奇 annoy 使烦恼 恼怒 puzzle 感到疑惑不解 46 C 他们很感兴趣地听故事 Dede 为孩子们读书 孩子们听 47 D 听了之后 他们热情地加入到对哈利的冒险的激烈讨论中 enthusiastically 热情 洋溢地 起劲地 suspectedly 怀疑地 猜疑地 anxiously 急切地 calmly 平静地 48 B 你怎么能说它很无趣呢 你读过吗 此处 boring 为前文复现 49 A 没读过 它太长了而且没有图片 根据下文 there are lots of pictures 可知 50 C 由下文中 there are lots of pictures Every page is full of pictures 可知此处表 示 那就是你错误的地方 crazy 疯狂的 foolish 愚蠢的 wrong 错误的 different 不同的 51 A 每一页都充满了图片 你只是需要读这些文字才能看见它们而已 see 看到 match 比得上 配得上 show 给某人看 展示 recognize 认出 52 A 根据后文可知 Lainey 还是不愿意读这本书 因此 Lainey 没好气地在后座上回 答 sourly 酸酸地 没好气地 不高兴地 patiently 耐心地 eagerly 急切地 shyly 害羞地 53 B 接着 Dede 阿姨 又尝试了一番 此处表示一个方法不奏效 于是尝试另一种方法 54 D 如果你不想读 那把它还给我吧 根据后文的叙述 书被交还给 Dede 55 A 也许你的妈妈会喜欢听这个故事的 根据后面的叙述 Dede 开始读书 enjoy 喜 欢 admit 承认 mind 介意 finish 完成 56 B 在第一章结束之时 后座上传来了要求 请读稍微大声一点 此处表达 Lainey 要 求阿姨读大声一点 decision 决定 request 要求 comment 评价 promise 发誓 誓言 57 C Lainey 对此感兴趣了 因此要求阿姨声音再大一点儿 58 C Lainey 是一个不愿意读书的人 unwilling 不愿意的 不乐意的 unpleasant 让人不 愉快的 innocent 天真的 independent 独立自主的 59 D Lainey 可以对读书感到很兴奋 astonished 震惊的 worried 焦虑的 confused 困惑 的 excited 兴奋的 60 A 正如此处所展示的 Lainey 可以对读书很感兴奋 当呈现给她让她感兴趣的 文学话题 当她周围的人向她示范参与这个阅读过程的时候 present 呈现 concern 涉及 disturb 打扰 replace 取代 4 2016 浙江卷 阅读下面短文 掌握其大意 然后从 21 40 各题所给的四个选项 A B C 和 D 中 选 出最佳选项 During the war my husband was stationed at an army camp in a desert in California I went to live there in order to be 21 him I hated the place I had never 22 been so unhappy My husband was ordered out on a long term duty and I was left in a tiny shack 棚屋 alone The heat was 23 almost 125 even in the shade of a cactus 仙人掌 24 a soul to talk to The wind blew non stop and all the food I ate and the very air I breathed were 25 with sand sand sand I was so sorry for myself that I wrote to my parents I told them I was 26 and coming back home I said I couldn t stand it one minute longer I 27 be in prison My father answered my 28 with just two lines two lines that will always sing in my 29 two lines that completely changed my life Two men looked out from prison bars One saw the mud the other saw the stars I read those two lines 30 I was ashamed of myself I made up my mind I would find out what was good in my present 31 I would look for the stars I made friends with the natives and their 32 amazed me They gave me presents of their favourite artworks which they had 33 to sell to tourists I studied the delightful forms of the cactus I watched for the desert sunsets and 34 for seashells that had been left there millions of years ago when the sands of the desert had been an ocean 35 What brought about this 36 change in me The desert hadn t changed 37 I had I had changed my 38 And by doing so I changed an unhappy experience into the most amazing 39 of my life I was excited by this new world that I had discovered I had looked out of my self created prison and 40 the stars 21 A off B behind C near D beyond 22 A before B already C then D still 23 A inflexible B incomprehensible C uncontrollable D unbearable 24 A Only B Not C Many D Such 25 A covered B filled C buried D charged 26 A catching up B keeping up C giving up D getting up 27 A ought to B might well C would rather D had better 28 A request B call C question D letter 29 A comparison B imagination C consideration D memory 30 A over and over B by and by C up and down D now and then 31 A company B occupation C situation D relationship 32 A movement B reaction C guidance D purpose 33 A refused B failed C managed D happened 34 A asked B hunted C waited D headed 35 A floor B surface C rock D level 36 A shocking B challenging C puzzling D astonishing 37 A as B but C for D or 38 A attitude B principle C identity D standard 39 A vacation B operation C affair D adventure 40 A sought B counted C found D reached 21 C 从上文提到的 I went to live there 以及下文的 I hated the place 可知 作者随 丈夫搬去了加利福尼亚 near him 表示 靠近他 22 A 从上下文可知 作者非常讨厌且憎恨这个鬼地方 所以这里表示她以前从来没有 这么不开心过 before 意为 以前 23 D 从语境和下文的 almost 125 等可知 这里的天气实在是太热了 以至于作者难 以忍受 故用 unbearable 意为 难以忍受的 inflexible 僵硬的 不可弯曲的 incomprehensible 不可思议的 难以理解的 uncontrollable 难以控制的 24 B 句意表示 甚至没有一个可以说话的人 故用 not 25 B 从上文提到的 风不停地刮 吃的食物和呼吸的空气中到处都是沙子 可知 此处 应用 be filled with 结构 表示 充满 26 C 根据上下文可知 作者感到很难过 所以写信告诉父母 她要放弃这里 准备回 家了 give up 放弃 catch up 赶上 keep up 保持 get up 起床 27 C 根据上下文可知 作者觉得与其生活在这里 还不如坐牢 此处 would rather 是固 定词组 表示 宁愿 ought to 应该 might well 可能 had better 最好 28 D 从上下文可知 作者给父母写了信 故此处指父亲回了信 故选 letter 29 D 从下文可知 对于这两行回信 作者这一辈子都会牢牢记住 同时下文也多次提 到这封信对作者以后人生的影响 故根据语意选 memory 表示 记忆 comparison 比较 imagination 想象 consideration 考虑 30 A 从全文可知 作者对父亲回信中的这两行字一再地读 所以根据句意可知 选 over and over 表示 一再 多次 来突出作者对它的印象深刻 31 C 结合上下文可知 此时作者觉得要找出当前状况中的 优点 所在 就像父亲信 中所说的 星星 所以用 situation 表示 现在的处境 company 陪伴 公司 occupation 占据 职位 relationship 关系 34 B 此处 hunt for 是固定词组 表示 寻找 追寻 35 A 结合上一空可知 百万年前的沙漠还是海床 故选 floor 36 D 是什么让作者产生了令人吃惊的变化呢 此处 astonishing 表示 令人吃惊的 shocking 令人震惊的 challenging 富有挑战性的 puzzling 令人困惑的 37 B 根据句意可知 沙漠没有改变 但作者变了 所以根据语意选 but 表示转折 38 A 从前文可知 变的不是周边的环境 而是作者的人生态度 故选 attitude principle 原则 identity 身份 standard 标准 39 D 根据语意可知 作者把这次不愉快的经历变成了其人生中令人吃惊的冒险历程 所以选 adventure 40 C 根据全文可知 最终作者从自我的牢笼里挣脱了出来 发现了那些美丽的 星星 模拟新题精选模拟新题精选 1 安徽省江南十校 2017 届高三下学期开年第一考 阅读下面短文 从短文后各题所给的 四个选项 A B C 和 D 中 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项 并在答题卡上将该项涂 黑 As the saying goes roes given fragrance in hand I am always in the 41 of giving money to every beggar or homeless person I pass by My friends say it is not good to 42 We may come across beggars or homeless people begging every day and all beggars have their ability to survive It 43 them that I never listen On a 44 day my friend and I were walking to the 45 when I passed a beggar lady I had seen her several times before and had always given her a few 46 That day I gave her 2 Euros I was waiting for the bus and reading a book when I 47 to see that lady standing in front of me She 48 me a piece of paper covered in a plastic bag to prevent it from getting 49 She stood there looking at me 50 Putting away my book I took the paper which 51 she and her family had to 52 their country because of floods and she was 53 to support them She had got a bit of money but she needed 5 54 Euros to get home I 55 in my pockets and found 20 cents My friend 56 a 5 Euro note I asked her to give it to the lady and said that I would 57 the next day When she got the money the lady hugged us and said thanks again and again and went on her way Later on the bus I wondered where her home was and 58 she had gotten to this country In her story I felt that my friend and I would always remain part of it as the 59 who helped her get home on a rainy day But for me helping a stranger did bring me happiness giving me a pleasant 60 41 A time B way C trend D habit 42 A encourage B expose C evaluate D envy 43 A delights B annoys C interests D attracts 44 A rainy B dry C sunny D cloudy 45 A airport B bus up C railway station D downtown 46 A books B suggestions C cents D roses 47 A turned around B looked down C looked up D stood up 48 A asked B begged C bargained D handed 49 A wet B burnt C lost D dirty 50 A cheerfully B clumsily C eagerly D silly 51 A wrote B spoke C said D told 52 A miss B leave C support D blame 53 A struggling B exploring C hesitating D searching 54 A many B more C another D much 55 A touched B looked C watched D fished 56 A gave out B took out C handed in D made out 57 A pay back B take back C come back D get back 58 A why B where C how D whether 59 A lookers on B strangers C foreigners D passers by 60 A situation B mood C spirit D position 42 A 考查动词 A encourage 鼓励 B expose 揭露 揭发 C evaluate 评估 D