高中英语 Module 4 Great Scientists单元学案 外研版必修4

用心 爱心 专心1 ModuleModule 4 4 GreatGreat ScientistsScientists 课标定位课标定位 高效导学高效导学 类别类别课程标准要求掌握的项目课程标准要求掌握的项目 重点重点 单词单词 staple adj 主要的 重要的 leading adj 领导的 领先的 figure n 数字 人物 educate vt 教育 培养 训练 nickname vt 加绰号于 n 绰号 昵称 agriculture n 农业 农艺 农学 breeding n 繁殖 培育 species n 物种 种类 yield vt 出产 vi 屈服 n 产量 original adj 最初的 新颖的 publish vt 公布 发表 出版 刊 印 sterile adj 贫瘠的 生物 不孕育 的 breakthrough n 突破 support vt 支持 供养 production n 产品 产量 convert vt 使转变 使改变 export vt 输出 出口 agricultural adj 农业的 replace vt 取代 替换 quantity n 数量 大量 quality n 质量 特性 best seller n 畅销书 唱片 diagnose vt 诊断 疾病 brilliant adj 光辉的 卓越的 career n 生涯 职业 经历 brief adj 简短的 简洁的 partly adv 部分地 在一定程度上 physical adj 身体的 物质的 物理的 graduate n 大学毕业生 vi 毕业 personal adj 私人的 本人的 relativity n 相对性 相对论 explode vt 使爆炸 vi 爆炸 escape vi 逃跑 逸出 逃离 arrow n 箭 straight a 直的 正直的 ad 直接地 clear a 清晰的 vt 清除 烟雾 消散 重点重点 短语短语 bring up 培养 抚养 养育 give a higher yield 获得高产 search for 搜索 寻找 bring in 引进 赚钱 as a result of 由于 作为 的结果 cash crop 经济作物 hybrid rice 杂交水稻 a variety of 许多 各种各样的 carry out 执行 履行 贯彻 because of 由于 因为 graduate from 从 毕业 earn one s living 谋生 be known for 因 而众所周知 come to power 掌权 instead of 而不是 取代 be at war with 与 交战 be attached to 附属于 喜欢 attach to 把 系到 上 be used for 被用来 if possible 如果可能的话 功能功能 交际交际 Its yield is much greater than the yield of other types of rice grown in Pakistan The tubes were attached to a long stick which helped keep the rocket moving in a straight direction It is possible that they introduced them to Europe 语法语法 Revision of the passive voice By v ing to indicate how something is done Researchers were brought in from all over China The research was supported by the government You can get a good job by studying hard 用心 爱心 专心2 Researchers learn things by carrying out an experience Section Introduction Reading and Vocabulary Function 知识整合知识整合 能力聚焦能力聚焦 考点搜索考点搜索 1 bring up 的用法的用法 例例 1 2010 山东 Sam some knowledge of the computer just by watching others working on it A brought up B looked up C picked up D set up 解析 考查动词短语辨析 bring up 抚养 养育 look up 查找 仰望 pick up 捡起 接送 偶然 学会 set up 开办 设立 句意 萨姆只是通过观看别人操作电脑便学到了一些 电脑知识 依据句意理解 则选项 C 符合题意 名师点金 名师点金 bring up 的用法的用法 bring up 常见意义如下 抚养 养育 提出 议题 Why did you have to bring up the subject of money 你为什么非要提钱这个话题 He left her to bring up three young children on her own 他留下她独自抚养 3 个年幼的孩子 常见与 up 相关的短语汇总 add up 把 加起来 break up 分解 破裂 解散 bring up 养育 抚养 提出 cut up 切碎 割碎 cheer up高兴起来 call up 打电话 使回想起 dress up 装扮 打扮 对 加以修饰 美化 hang up 挂断电话 挂起 get up 起床 站起来 hold up 支撑 耽搁 推迟 stay up 熬夜 不睡觉 put up 建造 张贴 提供膳宿 give up 放弃 腾出 自首 投降 tear up 撕碎 撕毁 turn up 调大 露面 出现 卷起 竖起 use up 用完 耗尽 原文对照 原文对照 Yuan Long ping was born and brought up in China 考点搜索考点搜索 2 award 的用法的用法 例例 2 After the campaign a special medal was to all of them A attributed B awarded C rewarded D contributed 解析 考查动词词义辨析 attribute 归属 award 授予 给予 reward 报答 酬谢 contribute 贡献 捐献 句意 此次战役后 他们每个人都获得了一枚特殊的勋章 答案 B 名师点金 名师点金 award 的用法的用法 award 作动词 意为 颁奖 授予 给予 award sb sth 授予某人某物 award sth to sb 颁奖 授予 某物给某人 award 作名词 意为 奖 奖品 get receive an award for sth 因 获得奖励 reward reward 作名词 意为 赏金 酬金 回报 作动词 意为 报答 酬谢 用心 爱心 专心3 reward sb with sth 用 酬谢某人 The Asian Games winner received a gold medal as an award 亚运会获胜者获得了一枚金牌作为奖励 We will offer a reward of ten thousand dollars for information about the case 如果有人提供有关案件的情报 我们愿意出一万元赏金 He was awarded the first prize for Outstanding Industrial Design 他获杰出工业设计一等奖 Is that how you reward me for my help 你就是这样来报答我给你的帮助吗 He received an award for his great contributions to the country 他因对国家的杰出贡献而获得奖励 The school awarded him a scholarship of 5000 dollars 学校为他颁发 5000 美元奖学金 原文对照 原文对照 Albert Einstein was awarded Nobel Prize for physics in 1921 考点搜索考点搜索 3 result 的用法的用法 例 3 2009 全国 II Jenny nearly missed the flight doing too much shopping A as a result of B on top of C in front of D in need of 解析 考查短语辨析 as a result of 由于 的结果 in need of 急需 需要 in front of 在 之前 侧重范围之外 on top of 危险或威胁 逼近 接近 句意 由于买了很多东西 珍妮差一点就错过了航班 答案 A 名师点金 名师点金 result 的用法的用法 result 作名词 意为 结果 as a result 结果 因而 as a result of because of 由于 因为 由于 的结果 Brown died as a result of the heart attack 布朗死于心脏病 result 作动词 意为 导致 产生 result in lead to 导致 产生 result from 起因于 由 产生 The crash resulted in the deaths of 14 passengers 撞车事故造成 14 名乘客死亡 The arrests resulted from an anonymous telephone call 一个匿名电话引发了一系列的逮 捕事件 The accident resulted from a defective brake 那次事故的原因在于刹车故障 原文对照 原文对照 As a result of Yuan Long ping s discoveries Chinese rice production rose by 47 5 percent in the 1990 s 点金测评点金测评 创新训练创新训练 基础巩固基础巩固 全面训练全面训练 单词拼写单词拼写 1 The farmers are very pleased with the government s agricultural 农业 policy 2 Some scientists like to e with small white mice 3 The poor man had to find another job to s his big family 4 The two girls who were twins were the 受害者 of a road accident 5 The plastic surgeon 诊断 my illness as a rare bone disease 用心 爱心 专心4 6 Last year my brother g from Peking University and found a job there 7 The 最初的 owner of the house was the Duke of Wellington 8 This year alone he 出版 four books 9 Surgeons have made a great b in the kidney transplantation 10 It is generally believed that advertising can increase 产量 and sales 11 Tom came up with a 绝妙的 idea for the book 12 Farmers are 转化 to new production methods 短语翻译短语翻译 13 bring up 14 search for 15 bring in 16 as a result of 17 a variety of 18 carry out 19 because of 20 graduate from 21 谋生 22 因 而众所周知 23 掌权 24 而不是 取代 25 与 交战 26 附属于 喜欢 27 把 系到 上 28 be used for 被用来 单项选择单项选择 29 The old scientist has made in growing rice which will more people in the world A a breakthrough feed onB a breakthrough feed C breakthrough feed toD breakthrough feed with 30 It took me hours to the problems out A carry B takeC find D figure 31 The time bomb but nobody was injured A exploded B exploredC exported D exposed 32 Mr Green who is a member of Labor Party has Mr Brown as President A taken place B taken the placeC in place of D replaced 33 You are lucky enough to escape A punished B having punishedC to be punished D being punished 34 It has been raining for three days I hope A it to clear up B it will clear upC to clear up D it to be cleared up 35 They the study a nursery room when the baby was born A turned to B changed forC converted into D transformed to 36 The success of his career has been due to the support given by his mother and mostly his efforts A rather personally B partly originalC quickly original D partly personal 用心 爱心 专心5 37 His idea of having weekly family meals together which seemed difficult at first has many good changes in their lives A brought in B brought outC resulted from D brought about 38 Gunpowder is widely used military purpose A on B of C from D for 选词填空选词填空 species equal measure transform award graduate breakthrough 39 Scientists predict a major within six months 40 They ve the old train station into a science museum 41 Prices become more stable when supply demand 42 She s just from the School of Cookery 烹饪 43 Over 120 of birds have been recorded in this National Park 44 Education shouldn t be purely by examination results 45 Einstein was the Nobel Prize for his great devotion to physics 综合应用综合应用 提高训练提高训练 根据汉语意思完成句子根据汉语意思完成句子 1 他希望靠卖饮料来谋生 He hoped to drinks 2 由于交通阻塞 他开会迟到了 He was late for the meeting a traffic jam 3 他执政后 为人民做了大量的工作 After he he did a lot of work for the people 4 树上的鸟儿朝四面八方飞去 The birds in the trees flew 5 去年那座楼房被改建成了学校 That building a school last year 6 当你读完这本书时 请放回原处 When you have finished reading the book please it 单句改错单句改错 7 If we across two plants we will produce a new plant 8 They built a better engine from changing the design 9 The books written by the famous scientist will be publishing next year 10 Great changes have been taken place in our country 11 Ten prisoners escaped out the prison on the rainy night 12 I failed in the examination as a result my carelessness 13 The tailor made a suit by my own measure 14 A maths problem was discussed when I entered the classroom 15 This kind of rice tastes nice and sold well 完形填空完形填空 In the city of Fujisawa Japan lives a woman named Atsuko Saeki When she was a teenager she 16 of going to the United States Most of what she knew about American 17 was from the textbooks she had read I had a 18 in mind Daddy watching TV in the living 用心 爱心 专心6 room Mummy 19 cakes and their teenage daughter off to the cinema with her boyfriend Atsuko 20 to attend college in California When she arrived however she found it was not her 21 world People were struggling with problems and often seemed 22 she said I felt very alone One of her hardest 23 was physical education We played volleyball she said The other students were 24 it but I wasn t One afternoon the instructor asked Atsuko to 25 the ball to her teammates so they could knock it 26 the net No problem for most people but it terrified Atsuko She was afraid of losing face 27 she failed A young man on her team 28 what she was going through He walked up to me and 29 Come on You can do that You will never understand how those words of 30 made me feel Four words You can do that I felt like crying with happiness She made it through the class Perhaps she thanked the young man she is not 31 Six years have passed Atsuko is back in Japan working as a salesclerk I have 32 forgotten the words she said When things are not going so well I think of them She is sure the young man had no idea how much his kindness 33 to her He probably doesn t even remember it she said That may be the lesson Whenever you say something to a person cruel or kind you have no idea how long the words will 34 She s all the way over in Japan but still she hears those four 35 words you can do that 16 A learned B spoke C dreamed D heard 17 A way B life C education D spirit 18 A photo B painting C picture D drawing 19 A baking B frying C steaming D boiling 20 A hoped B arranged C liked D attempted 21 A described B imagined C created D discovered 22 A tense B cheerful C relaxed D deserted 23 A times B questions C classes D projects 24 A curious about B good at C slow at D nervous about 25 A kick B pass C carry D hit 26 A through B into C over D past 27 A after B if C because D until 28 A believed B considered C wondered D sensed 29 A warned B sighed C ordered D whispered 30 A excitement B encouragement C persuasion D suggestion 31 A interested B doubtful C puzzled D sure 32 A never B already C seldom D almost 33 A happened B applied C seemed D meant 34 A continue B stay C exist D live 35 A merciful B bitter C simple D easy 阅读理解阅读理解 A Do you suppose Darwin one of the greatest scientists of all time really did fools experiments Or did he do experiments that were so simple and basic that other people just thought they were 用心 爱心 专心7 foolish Sometimes people think they already know the answer to a question or the solution to a problem Sometimes they really do know an answer or a solution but without thinking they are important Charles Darwin didn t settle for 满足于 just thinking he knew something And he believed all things could be important however simple they seemed to be Suppose you drop sheets of paper that are of exactly the same size and shape If you drop them at the same time in the same place they will fall in the same way Now make one of the sheets of paper into a tight little ball and let it drop along with the other sheets What happens You have done an experiment that is so simple that you might think it couldn t be worth anything But this simple experiment is important It explains part of our present day understandings of physics ideas that were worked out long ago by Galileo and Newton And these understandings set aside some of ancient Greek physics Scientist sometimes stops to look at very simple things and to think very hard about them Even the simplest idea which we might think is foolish can shake the foundations of science 36 The passage tells us that Charles Darwin A was a great English scientist B always liked doing the experiments that others thought difficult C thought even the simplest thing was important D didn t get well with others 37 The phrase set aside most probably means A throw away B store up C put to use D realize 38 The author of the passage tries to A convince us that Charles Darwin Galileo and Newton are the greatest scientists in the world B draw the conclusion that basic sciences are simple things C prove that two sheets of paper with the same size and shape will fall at the same speed D draw our attention to everyday happenings around us 39 Which of the following is TRUE A Darwin really did fools experiments B According to some people Darwin did foolish experiments C It is believed by all the people that things could be important though they seemed to be simple D Galileo and Newton worked out ancient Greek physics B Medicine comes in different packages Some in a tablet can make your headache go away Others from a tube can prevent your cuts from becoming infected But can medicine come packaged in chicken eggs Scientists from Scotland say yes They ve engineered 改变基因 special chickens that with disease treating drugs inside These drugs are made of protein Animals make thousands of proteins which are the main aspects in skin hair milk and meat Since animals can make proteins easily they also can make protein drugs Researchers have already made cows sheep and goats produce protein drugs in their milk But chickens are cheaper to take care of need less room and grow faster than these other animals A team of researchers changed chickens DNA the code that tells cells how to make proteins so that 用心 爱心 专心8 the birds cells made two protein drugs One drug can treat skin cancer and the other treats a nerve disease The scientists changed the chickens DNA so that the birds made these drugs only in their egg whites This protects the chickens bodies from the drugs possible harmful effects and makes it easy for scientists to collect the drugs These special chickens can pass on their drug laying abilities to their chickens The scientists need to improve these chickens before they settle in drug companies labs The birds don t make enough drugs to treat people yet But one day it will come into our daily life 40 What does the passage mainly talks about Please answer within 10 words 41 Which sentence in the passage can be replaced by the following one The drug laying abilities can go down to the next generation of these special chickens 42 Please fill in the blank in the second paragraph with proper words or phrases to complete the sentence Please answer within 10 words 43 What do you think of the special chickens Please answer within 30 words 44 Translate the underlined sentence in the third paragraph into Chinese Section Grammar hiding B were hidden C was hiding D was hidden 19 Why was John arrested by the police It is said that drugs were discovered hidden in his house A a great amount of B a plenty of C a large quantity D quantities of 20 With more forests being destroyed huge quantities of good earth each year A is washing away B is being washed away C are washing away D are being washed away 综合应用综合应用 提高训练提高训练 根据汉语提示完成句子根据汉语提示完成句子 1 这支鸟很幸运没有被抓住 The bird was lucky and 2 你今天感觉好点了吗 Do you today 3 大雨滂沱 造成了那个国家洪水泛滥 It rained heavily in that country 4 她大怒 把一只茶杯扔在地上 摔得粉碎 She was so angry that she threw a cup on the floor 5 不借助面部表情就能清楚地表达自己的观点会很难 To yourself without using facial expressions can be very difficult 用适当的介词或副词填空 用适当的介词或副词填空 6 Hitler came power in Germany in the 1930s when he caused great sufferings to the world 7 Many people were injured as a result the accident 8 It s cheaper to buy goods quantities 9 Qingdao well known its beautiful seaside attracts many travelers every year 用心 爱心 专心15 10 In his late sixties he was diagnosed cancer of the liver 11 As a young boy he managed to earn a living selling newspapers on the street 12 As an agricultural producer she succeeded in bringing five children 选词填空选词填空 escape from instead of send up bring up at war by accident light clear explode advanced be used to attach 13 In winter coal keep warm in the countryside 14 A new type of rocket under the sea by a submarine 15 We ll have tea in the garden in the house 16 China was with Japan for eight years 17 She a stamp to the envelope and mailed it 18 A bomb in the building and caused a big fire 19 Rockets were probably invented about 2 000 years ago 20 The bird that I have fed for half a year the cage the other day 21 We the candle and the candle made the room bright 22 This is the village where the hero was born and 短文改错短文改错 It was a chance of a lifetime to win the first 23 prize on the Story Writing Show All I had to do 24 was to write a story or present it My teachers 25 have been telling me how great my writing was 26 So if they had said was true I would have a chance 27 of winning the prize What were better I had useful 28 help There was Uncle Chen gentleman living 29 near my house who was a very much famous writer 30 He agreed to reading my story and give me some 31 advices on how to write like a real writer 32 对话填空对话填空 When Sara came home from work she found her mother in an anxious state Sara What s wrong Mum You seem upset Mum It s your y 33 sister Jill She should have been here an hour ago Sara Don t w 34 Mum It s not all that late and she has probably not r 35 how late it is I think she ll be here soon Just then Sara s brother Peter came into the kitchen Peter What s up Mum s on the phone and she seems as though she s going to cry Sara It s Jill She should have r 36 home by now and Mum s getting anxious Peter You needn t feel so anxious Mum You know what teenage girls are like I m s 37 she s all right Mum I can t help but he concerned I ve just rung Lucy and she said Jill left her outside the cinema ages ago to get the bus home Peter Well the bus service isn t very frequent in the evenings Perhaps she m 38 one and is waiting for another Have you tried p 39 her on her mobile Mum Yes but there s no reply That made me even more worried I think s 40 must have happened to Jill Do you think we should call the P 41 用心 爱心 专心16 Sara Calm down Mum You ll make yourself ill Perhaps she switched her mo