湖北省随州市2014高考英语阅读理解、短文改错训练（11）

1 湖北省随州市湖北省随州市 20142014 高考英语阅读理解 短文改错训练 高考英语阅读理解 短文改错训练 1111 答案 答案 或解析 或解析 All too often a choice that seems sustainable 可持续的 turns out on closer examination to be problematic Probably the best example is the rush to produce ethanol 乙醇 for fuel from corn Corn is a renewable resource you can harvest it and grow more almost limitlessly So replacing gas with corn ethanol seems like a great idea One might get a bit more energy out of the ethanol than that used to make it which could still make ethanol more sustainable than gas generally but that s not the end of the problem Using corn to make ethanol means less corn is left to feed animals and people which drives up the cost of food That result leads to turning the fallow land including in some cases rain forest in places such as Brazil into farmland which in turn gives off lots of carbon dioxide CO2 into the air Finally over many years the energy benefit from burning ethanol would make up for the forest loss But by then climate change would have progressed so far that it might not help You cannot really declare any practice sustainable until you have done a complete life cycle analysis of its environmental 环境的 costs Even then technology and public policy keep developing and that development can lead to unforeseen and undesired results The admirable goal of living sustainably requires plenty of thought on an ongoing basis 语篇解读 文章通过用玉米转化成乙醇为例子来讨论可持续燃料的问题 来说明一 些做法还缺少实际发展利用的基础 1 What might directly cause the loss of the forest according to the text A The growing demand for energy to make ethanol B The increasing carbon dioxide in the air C The greater need for farmland D The big change in weather 解析 事实细节题 从第二段 including in some cases rain forest in places such as Brazil into farmland 可知这些雨林要被变成农田 故选择 C 答案 C 2 The underlined word it in the second paragraph refers 2 to A the energy benefit B the forest loss C climate change D burning ethanol 解析 猜测词义题 从第二段 the energy benefit from burning ethanol would make up for the forest loss 可知 上文中的 the energy benefit 就是下文 it 所指代的内容 故选择 A 答案 A 3 The author thinks that replacing gas with corn ethanol is A impractical B acceptable C admirable D useless 解析 推理判断题 impractical 不切实际的 acceptable 可以接受的 admirable 受尊敬的 useless 无用的 从文中最后一句 The admirable goal of living sustainable requires plenty of thought on an ongoing basis 可知 开发这种可持 续性燃料还是不太实际 故选择 A 答案 A 4 What does the author mainly discuss in the text A Technology B Sustainability C Ethanol energy D Environmental protection 解析 主旨大意题 technology 技术 sustainability 可持续性 ethanol energy 乙醇能源 environmental protection 环境保护 从文中论述可知作者将乙醇作为例子 以此来谈论可持续问题 故选择 B 结束结束 短文改错 共 10 小题 每小题 l 分 满分 l0 分 I saw an accident happened on my way to home this afternoon A girl was crossing the street on a zebra crossing while a young man drove a motorbike towards her The young man saw the girl but tried to stop but he drove too fast to stop He hit the girl and fell off her motorbike The girl was badly 3 hurt and couldn t move The young man didn t know how to do I ran to a phone box nearby and dialed 110 Soon the police reached They send her to the nearest hospital at once One of the policeman talked to the young man and wrote something down while was talking I think it is very dangerous to drive very fast 短文改错参考答案短文改错参考答案 共共 1010 小题 每小题小题 每小题 l l 分 满分分 满分 l0l0 分分 I saw an accident happened on my way to home this afternoon A girl was crossing the street on a zebra happen 去掉 to crossing while a young man drove a motorbike towards her The young man saw the girl but tried to stop when and but he drove too fast to stop He hit the girl and fell off her motorbike The girl was badly hurt and couldn t his move The young man didn t know how to do I ran to a phone box nearby and dialed 110 Soon the police what reached They send her to the nearest hospital at once One of the policeman talked to the young man and arrived sent policemen wrote something down while was talking I think it is very dangerous to drive very fast 加 he 或去掉 was 结束 Words 405 难度系数 建议用时 9 分钟 4 A common misconception 误解 about scholarships is that they are only available for the smartest students with the highest GPAs However this just isn t even close to true There are scholarships out there for every type of student seeking a college education Let s take a look at each type a bit more in depth Academic Scholarships Academic scholarships are also often referred to as merit 优点 scholarships though a merit scholarship can mean anything that has some level of contest to it These are fox the students with the 4 0 GPAs the years as a part of several extracurricular 课外的 activities and the well rounded applications They typically have the highest payouts and are considered very well known as they are often national awards Athletic Scholarships For students with strong academics 学业的 and physical skills athletic scholarships are the way to go There is practically a scholarship for every single sport from volleyball to football gymnastics to cheerleading So if you are good at anything physical you should definitely pursue an athletic scholarship Scholarships for Minorities There are also many scholarships for minorities available Some of these are general and for all minorities as a collective whole while others are intended for individual ethnic 种族的 groups It is also a good idea to apply for a minority scholarship if you are part of fully of a certain ethnicity You will get to represent your culture and possibly win money what more could you ask for Scholarships for Women As with the scholarships for minorities above there are also scholarships specifically for women Since colleges were dominated 主宰 by men for many years scholarships have been created for strong career minded women that need assistance paying for college expenses If you are female it is strongly recommended you pursue a scholarship for women Moreover scholarships for women are typically available in just about any field Be specific 解题导语 本文是一篇信息材料类说明文 文章为我们介绍的是美国大学中四种不同 类型的奖学金 5 13 In the author s opinion A most people are well informed about scholarships B most people think scholarships should go to the smartest students C most people have some misunderstanding about scholarships D most people deserve scholarships though not having applied for them 解析 选 C 事实细节题 根据首句可知 很多人对奖学金制度不甚了解 有不同程度的 误解 14 Tom does well in his lessons and is especially good at sports The best scholarship he can apply for A Academic Scholarships B Athletic Scholarships C Scholarships for Minorities D Scholarships for Women 解析 选 B 事实细节题 根据 Athletic Scholarships 中第一句可得出答案 15 Alice is an Indian American She prefers to study her own culture and something about ethnology 民族学 Then she d better apply for A Academic Scholarships B Athletic Scholarships C Scholarships for Minorities D Scholarships for Women 解析 选 C 事实细节题 Alice 属于美国的少数民族 故可申请 少数民族学生奖学金 16 How many scholarships are intended for all the students A One B Two C Three D Four 解析 选 B 深层理解题 文章中第一 第二项奖学金没有设定对象的先天条件 第三和 第四项均有先天条件 民族或性别限制 故只有前两类适合于全体学生 结束 Words 313 难度系数 建议用时 8 分钟 Some names have special meanings in popular American expressions One day an average Joe was walking down the street An average Joe is a common person either male or female He was lost He did not know where he was going So average 6 Joe asked John Q Public for directions to the nearest bank John Q Public is also a common person male or female Jeez Louise said John Q Public This is an expression of surprise Don t you know that all banks are closed today It is Saturday For Pete s sake said average Joe This is also an expression used to show a feeling like surprise or disappointment I do not believe you said he At that moment Joe Blow was walking down the street with a woman Joe Blow is also an expression for a common person Now this Joe Blow was not walking next to a plain Jane A plain Jane is a woman who is neither ugly nor pretty The woman with Joe Blow was a real Sheila a beautiful woman Average Joe asked the woman if all banks were closed on Saturday No way Jose she answered This is a way of saying no Many banks are open on Saturdays Average Joe did not know either of these two people from Adam That is he did not know them at all But he followed their directions to the nearest bank When he arrived he walked to the desk and said I am here to withdraw some money so I can pay my taxes to Uncle Sam This represents the United States government The banker produced some papers and told him to sign his John Hancock at the bottom A John Hancock is a person s signed name a signature Historically John Hancock was one of the signers of the United States Declaration of Independence Hancock had a beautiful signature and signed his name larger than all the others 解题导语 本文介绍了美国英语中一些与人名相关的约定俗语的含义及来源 5 The main idea of this text is that A some popular American names have special stories B some popular American expressions have some special names C some popular American names have special meanings D some popular American expressions are interesting 解析 选 C 确定主旨大意题 短文主要介绍美国英语中常用人名所构成俗语的特定含义 故 C 项正确 6 Which of the following refers to an ordinary looking woman A An average Joe B John Q Public C Joe Blow D A plain Jane 解析 选 D 细节把握题 由第二段倒数第二句可知 plain Jane 是一位既不丑也不漂亮的 7 妇女 7 The name Jeez Louise is A an expression of surprise B a feeling like disappointment C an expression for a common man D a woman who is neither ugly nor pretty 解析 选 A 词义猜测题 第一段倒数第三句是对 Jeez Louise 的解释 这是一种惊讶的 表达方式 8 What does the banker really want to ask Joe to sign on the papers A John Hancock B United States Declaration C His own name D Uncle Sam 解析 选 C 细节把握题 最后一段第四句对 A John Hancock 的 解释为 A John Hancock 是个人签名 指代人的签名 所以那个银行职员想让 Joe 在文件上签上自己的名字 结束 Everything happens for the best my mother said whenever I faced disappointment If you carry on one day something good will happen And you ll realize that it wouldn t have happened if not for that previous disappointment Mother was right as I discovered after graduating from college in 1932 I had decided to try for a job in radio then work my way up to a sports announcer I hitchhiked to Chicago and knocked on the door of every station and got turned down every time In one studio a kind lady told me that big stations couldn t risk hiring an inexperienced person Go out in the sticks and find a small station that ll give you a chance she said I thumbed home to Dixon Illinois While there were no radio announcing jobs in Dixon my father said Montgomery Ward had opened a store and wanted a local athlete to manage its sports department Since Dixon was where I had played high school football I applied The job sounded just right for me But I wasn t hired My disappointment must have shown Everything happens for the best Mom reminded me Dad offered me the car to hunt a job I tried WOC Radio in 8 Davenport Iowa The program director a wonderful Scotsman named Peter MacArthur told me they had already hired an announcer As I left his office my frustration 挫折 boiled over I asked aloud How can a fellow get to be a sports announcer if he can t get a job in a radio station I was waiting for the elevator when I heard MacArthur calling What was you said about sports Do you know anything about football Then he stood me before a microphone and asked me to broadcast an imaginary game The preceding 在前的 autumn my team had won a game in the last 20 seconds with a 65 yard run I did a 15 minute build up to that play and Peter told me I would be broadcasting Saturday s game On my way home as I have many times since I thought of my mother s words If you carry on one day something good will happen Something wouldn t have happened if not for that previous disappointment I often wonder what direction my life might have taken if I d gotten the job at Montgomery Ward 50 The writer shows his by saying if I d not gotten the job at Montgomery Ward A regret B happiness C gratefulness D disappointment 51 The underlined phrase out in the sticks probably means A in radio stations B in the country C in big cities D in Dixon Illinois 52 Why did the writer mention his mother s words over and again Because A it was his mother s words that encouraged him B his mother was a person who talked a lot C nothing good has happened to him up to now D he got turned down every time he tried 53 Which of the following statements is true according to the passage A There was a small radio station in Dixon Illinois B Peter MacArthur was a program director in Scotland Ks 5u 9 C WOC Radio in Davenport broadcast imaginary games D Montgomery Ward had a store with a sports department 54 When did the writer decide to take a radio announcing job A When he hitchhiked to Chicago B After he graduated from college C Before he graduated from college D As soon as he was turned down 参考答案 50 C 51 B 52 A 53 D 54 C 结束结束 Car crashes are the top killer of American teenagers Most of the crashes result from distracted driving not paying attention to the road Ryan Didone was a fifteen year old passenger in a car that hit a tree He was one of the nation s more than thirty thousand victims of traffic crashes in 2008 Nearly four thousand deaths about twelve percent involved drivers age fifteen to twenty Ryan s father Thomas Didone is a police captain in Maryland It was an inexperienced immature driver driving at night with a carload of kids He was distracted he was going too fast and it ended up causing one death and some seriously injured He shares the story of his son s death to help educate teens and their families about distracted driving Jim Jennings from the Allstate Insurance Company says the number one cause of distracted driving accidents is the mobile phone He says talking on the phone or reaching for it is like drinking four beers and driving If you re texting while driving you are twenty three times more likely to get into an accident than somebody who isn t Government and private groups are using public service announcements and events to bring more attention to the problem For example the insurance industry recently held a safety event for teen drivers At first nineteen 10 year old Kevin Schumann easily avoided large inflatable dolls thrown in front of the car to represent children He also avoided orange cones representing the edge of the road Then as part of the test he started texting He hit several cones and at l