2012届高考英语 考前冲刺精选短文改错分类讲解

用心 爱心 专心 1 20122012 届高考英语考前冲刺精选短文改错分类讲解届高考英语考前冲刺精选短文改错分类讲解 高考英语短文改错历来是考生的一个难点 因为它考察的是考生的综合语言运用能力 涵盖 英语语言的各个层面 但是综合分析历年试题我们不难发现短文改错是有规律可循的 考察 的常考考点是固定的 因此 考生只要具备较扎实的英语基础知识 在此基础上明确有那些 考点 分解练习各个考点 再综合到短文中有意识的在只要出现考点的地方停顿核查 不断 练习 定会有提高 考点解析 名词 一 考点规律分析 短文改错的名词考点金太阳新课标资源网主要涉及名词的单复数问题 即在该用复数的 地方误用其单数 或在该用单数的地方误用其复数 关键是记住常用的不可数名词和集体名 词以及复数形式表达不同意义的名词 见核按钮 二 真题单句归纳 1 We stopped to rest for a while and to drink some waters from a stream waters 改为 water 因 水 为物质名词 不可数 全国卷 2 We climb everywhere not only in America We have been to Europe many time time 改为 times many times 意为 许多次 全国卷 3 There are branch library in many villages library 改为 libraries 因其前的谓语 are 为复数 全国卷 4 I hope that you two could come and visit us some times soon times 改为 time some time 意为 某时 全国卷 5 Today I visited the Smiths my first time visit to an American family 去掉 time 因 first 已含有 次 的意思 全国卷 6 They were eager to know everything about China and asked me lots of question question 改为 questions 因其前有表示复数意义的修饰语 lots of 全 国卷 7 We study quite a few subject such as maths Chinese English and physics subject 改为 subjects 因 a few 后应接复数可数名词 全国卷 8 and often watch football match on TV together match 改为 matches 全国卷 9 Happy birthday Peter and many happy return of the day return 改 为 returns many happy returns of the day 为祝贺生日的惯用表达 北京春季卷 10 She said that she and my schoolmate all wished me success schoolmate 改为 schoolmates 因校友不只一个 另外根据其后的 all 也可推知 全国卷 11 I used to love science class all of them biology chemistry geography physics class 改为 classes 指其后提到的所有课程 北京春季卷 12 They did not want me to do any work at family family 改为 home 因 at home 为固定短语 全国卷 13 so that I ll get good marks in all my subject subject 改为 subjects 请注意前面的 all 全国卷 14 On the way up I was busy taking picture since the scenery was so beautiful picture 改为 pictures picture 作为可数名词 其前应有限定词 或为复 用心 爱心 专心 2 数形式 全国卷 15 No one worries much about the radio program young people listen to program 改为 programs 从句意上看 此处应用复数 北京春季卷 16 Their word were a great encouragement to me word 改为 words 注意 其后的复数动词 全国卷 17 You know that was a dinner we had waited for several month month 改为 months 因 several 后要用可数名词的复数形式 江苏卷 18 but after class we become stranger at once stranger 改为 strangers 由本行前面的 we 可知应该用名词复数 全国卷 19 You can find all kinds of information in just a few minute on the Internet minute 改为 minutes 因为 a few 后面的名词一定是复数 广西卷 20 Nowadays millions of people of all age take pleasure in a hobby age 改为 ages 因谈到不止一个人的年龄 age 用复数 of all ages 指各个年龄 阶段的人 浙江卷 21 She was doing her homeworks one Sunday morning when homeworks 改为 homework 因它是不可数名词 没有复数形式 福建卷 22 Without enough knowledges you can never teach well knowledges 改为 knowledge 因 knowledge 是不可数名词 没有复数形式 湖北卷 23 I stay here for one and a half hour and hour 改为 hours 24 The second man pointed his glass and asked if the angel could cure his poor eyesight 将 glass 改为 glasses 此处指的是眼镜 25 Some of his friends go to see him every day who take him lots of good book and some fruit 将 book 改为 books 26 I would like to stay there for a month visiting place of interest 把 place 改为 places 27 I had many wonderful experience but I also had a bad one 吧 experience 改为 experiences 次处指经历 三 模拟单句演练 1 Women live longer than men in most country 2 The film is very interesting I have seen it many time 3 It s said that all the ticket have been sold out 4 The children spend a lot of times watching TV 5 I met a lot of interesting peoples on holiday 6 The flower in the park were all pleasing 7 As the day went by she became less anxious 8 Computer are becoming more and more popular in the country 9 It s one of the most interesting book that I ve ever read 10 He made his first time visit to China when he was 18 11 Hearing the news the woman burst into tear 12 He hasn t lived here long but he has a great many friend here 13 I was afraid she would have left for family when I got there 14 He s getting married next month and decides to buy some furnitures 15 There s a paper s factory near our school 参考答案 用心 爱心 专心 3 1 country 改为 countries 因其前的 most 意为 大多数 2 time 改为 times many times 意为 许多次 3 ticket 改为 tickets 因它是可数名词 且受 all the 的修饰 4 times 改为 time 因 time 表示 时间 时不可数 5 peoples 改为 people 因 people 表示 人们 本身是复数 其后不能再加词 尾 s 注 复数的 peoples 表示不同的民族 6 flower 改为 flowers 因为其后的谓语为复数 7 day 改为 days 句意为 随着时间的推移 她变得不那么焦急了 此处的 day 应用复数 8 computer 改为 computers 根据句意和其后的谓语 are 可知 computer 要用 复数 9 book 改为 books 因 one of 后表示范围的名词要用复数 10 去掉 time his first visit 即为他第一次访问 其中已包含 次 的概念 11 tear 改为 tears 因 tear 为可数名词 不要误认为它是不可数名词 12 friend 改为 friends 因 a great many 后要接复数名词 13 family 改为 home leave for home 意为 动身回家 14 furnitures 改为 furniutre 因它是不可数名词 15 paper s 改为 paper 名词的所有格表示的是所属关系 即所有权 而这里指 的是造纸厂而不是 纸的厂 短文改错考点解析 从句 一 考点规律分析 短文改错对从句引金太阳新课标资源网导词的考查主要涉及根据句意正确选用引导词 引导词的误加与漏用 将不是从句的东西误认为是从句而误加引导词等 二 真题单句归纳 1 In the last five years that they ve climbed churches high buildings and television towers 去掉 that 因此处的 in the last five years 为时间状语 其后无需用 that 全国卷 2 Charles said As soon I see a really tall building I want to climb it I 前加 as 因为 as soon as 为引导时间状语从句的引导词 全国卷 3 Most people can quickly get help from a doctor or go to a hospital since they are ill since 改为 when if whenever 从句意上看此处用 since 讲 不通 改为 if when whenever 均可 全国卷 4 However there are still some countries there people have shorter lives there 改为 where where 在此引导定语从句 全国卷 5 in other places where you are limited to a certain number of which some may be novels 去掉 where in other places 在此为地点状语 全国卷 6 in other places you are limited to a certain number of that some may be novels that 改为 which 因介词后要用 which 来引导定语从句 全国卷 7 and whether you pay the cost of sending a postcard the librarian will write to you whether 改为 if 表示 如果 时 不能用 whether 全国卷 8 I also enjoyed the evenings when we spent together 去掉 when 或将 when 改为 that 因这里的定语从句中谓语动词 spent 缺宾语 故只能用关系代词 that 或将其省略 全国卷 用心 爱心 专心 4 9 I live in Beijing where is the capital of China where 改为 which 因此处要填关系代词作主语 全国卷 10 but it didn t matter that I would win or not that 改为 whether whether 与 or not 搭配 表示 是否 全国卷 11 I felt so nervous as I shook like a leaf as 改为 that so that 为固定句式 其中的 that 引导结果状语从句 全国卷 12 In one class I learned it rained it 前加 why why 在此表原因 北京春季卷 13 For example when he bought a chocolate cake he put it in a secret place where I couldn t find where 改为 that which 或去掉 where I couldn t find 为修饰 place 的定语从句 其前用关系代词 也可省略 北京春季卷 14 It was about noon we arrived at the foot of the mountain we 前加 when 时间状语从句缺少连词引导 全国卷 15 Besides I have few friends I don t know that they don t like to talk with me that 改为 why why 引导宾语从句 表示原因 年全国卷 16 I have a good friend who s name is Liu Mei who s 改为 whose 因 who s who is 不仅结构错误 而且意思也不通 whose 引导定语从句 表示 的 福建卷 17 It has been five years when we graduated but those memories are as sweet as ever before when 改为 since It is has been 时间段 since 谓语动 词是短暂性动词 是固定句型 意为 自 以来有多久了 年天津卷 三 模拟单句演练 1 He is the man his car was stolen 2 That s the hotel which we were staying last summer 3 That s the palace where we visited last summer 4 I suddenly woke up in mid night And it was a long time I got to sleep again 5 In the past few years when we ve planted thousands of trees along the river 6 At the airport where all the baggage must be examined 7 He wrote me a letter and asked I was getting on 8 She stayed in France for 10 years That s she spoke French so well 9 It s really a beautiful place where everyone hopes to visit 10 It cost nothing Anyone can get it unless he likes it 参考答案 1 his 改为 whose whose 在此引导定语从句 2 which 改为 where where 引导定语从句且在从句中用作状语 此题还可在 staying 后加 in 3 where 改为 which that 也可去掉 where 因 visit 为及物动词 此处应用 关系代词作其宾语 也可省略 4 第二个 I 前加 before 此句意为 过了好久我才又睡着 5 去掉 when 否则全句没有主语 6 去掉 where 否则全句没有主语 7 asked 后加 how 否则句意不通 用心 爱心 专心 5 8 That s 后加 why 否则句意不通 9 where 改为 which which 在此引导非限定性定语从句 且在从句中用作宾语 用作 visit 的宾语 10 unless 改为 if 否则句意不通 短文改错考点类析 并列连词 一 考点规律分析 短文改错对并列连词的考查主要涉及 and but or so 等几个表示并列 转折 选 择 因果等关系的词语 严格说来 这类错误主要属于行文逻辑的错误 二 真题单句归纳 1 We tried to fix it and there was nothing we could do and 改为 but 因此处语意转折 全国卷 2 I told Mother Father Sister all my friends here what a great time I had all 前加 and 表示并列关系 全国卷 3 It is a very important exam but I can t afford to fail it but 改为 and so 此处表因果关系 并非转折关系 北京春季卷 4 She was smiling but nodding at me but 改为 and 因此处并无转折之意 全国卷 5 It looks as if my parents treat me as a visitor and a guest and 改 为 or a visitor 和 a guest 应是选择关系 意思是 好像我的父母亲把我当作一个来访 者或一个客人 6 The food was expensive and the service was good and 改为 but 此处 意义发生转折 全国卷 7 I m the captain of our school team so with my fellow players we ve won several games so 改为 and 表并列关系 安徽春季卷 8 My grandma was the best cook in the world but could make the most delicious dishes but 改为 and 此处表示并列 而不是转折 江苏卷 9 So once you ve started collecting seriously you So 改为 But 因 为前后是转折关系 年浙江卷 10 Clever as she is but she works very hard 去掉 but 因前面已有引导 让步状语从句的连词 as though 虽然 千万不要受汉语句式 虽然 但是 的影 响 而重复用连词 福建卷 11 I teach them play with them but watch them growing up but 改为 and 因为 teach play 与 watch 是并列关系 而不是转折关系 湖北卷 三 模拟单句演练 1 Do you want a bath at once and shall I have mine first 2 Are you going to clean your car before and after supper 3 Hurry up and you ll be late for school 4 She never said she was rich and she was 5 Mr Smith worked very hard so without any success 6 Everyone asked me to go but I went 参考答案 1 and 改为 or or 在此表选择 2 and 改为 or or 在此表选择 3 and 改为 or or 在此表示 要不然 否则 用心 爱心 专心 6 4 and 改为 but but 在此表示转折 句中的 she was 为 she was rich 之省略 5 so 改为 but 此处语意转折 6 but 改为 so so 在此表示因果关系 短文改错考点解析 非谓语动词 一 考点规律分析 短文改错对非谓语动词的考查主要涉及不定式符号 to 的有无 介词后该使用动词的什 么形式 用动名词 并列结金太阳新课标资源网构中几个非谓语动词是否一致 动词用作 主语时用何种形式 可用动名词或不定式 但不能用动词原形 用 ing 还是 ed 分 词作状语 定语和表语 二 真题单句归纳 1 David and I wanted go off to find help but Bill insisted on staying near the car wanted 后加 to 因为 want 后要接不定式 全国卷 2 rather than go into the forest and getting lost getting 改 get 因为 get 与其前的 go 并列 全国卷 3 David pointed to a path which he thought would probably leading to a village leading 改为 lead 因为其前有助动词 would 全国卷 4 I went back to get David and helped him to stood up stood 改为 stand 因为 to stand up 在此为不定式结构 全国卷 5 Charles and Linda Mason do all of these things as well as climbed building climbed 改为 climb climbing 若将 as well as 视为连词 则将 climbed 改为 climb 因为它与其前的 do 并列 若将 as well as 视为介词 则 climbing 因为介词后动词用动名词 全国卷 6 Modern people know more about health have better food and to live in clearer surroundings 去掉 live 前的 to 因为 live 与其前的 know have 并列 全国卷 7 The World Health Organization and other organizations are working improve health all over the world improve 前加 to to improve 为表目的的不 定式短语 全国卷 8 you pay the cost of send a postcard the librarian will write to you send 改为 sending 因为介词后接动名词作宾语 全国卷 9 and let you to know when the book you want has returned 去掉 know 前的 to 因为其前有动词 let 全国卷 10 I want to thank you again for have me in your home for the summer holidays have 改为 having 因为介词后接动名词作宾语 全国卷 11 I had always wanted return to the village after moving away return 前加 to 因为 want 后要接不定式 全国卷 12 It was very kind of them to meet me at the railway station and drove me to their home drove 改为 drive 因为 drive 与其前的 to meet 并列 此处的 drive 为省略 to 的不定式 全国卷 13 I look forward to hear from you soon hear 改为 hearing 因为其前的 to 是介词 全国卷 14 Play football not only makes us grow up tall and strong but also gives us a sense of fair play and team spirit 第一个 play 改为 playing 因为动 用心 爱心 专心 7 词原形不能用作主语 全国卷 15 I was often a little tired after a day s work and watch TV demands very little effort watch 改为 watching 因为动词原形不能用作主语 全国卷 16 I d like very much come but I have an examination on Monday morning come 前加 to 因为 would like 后接不定式 北京春季卷 17 I ll spend the whole weekend reading and prepare for it prepare 改为 preparing 因为它与其前的 reading 并列 与其前所用的动词 spend 有关 北 京春季卷 18 But then there is always more mysteries look into look 前加 to 此 处为不定式作后置定语 北京春季卷 19 After learn the basics of the subject nothing else seemed very practical to me learn 改为 learning 因为介词后接动名词作宾语 北京春季卷 20 My parents love me dearly of course and will do all they can make sure that I get a good education make 前加 to 因为 to make 在此用作目的状 语 注意句型 do all one can to do sth 全国卷 21 He did not want share things with other people want 后加 to 因为 want 后要接不定式 北京春季卷 22 That is a game of tennis making him very busy making 改为 made 因为缺谓语 不能用非谓语形式 根据上下文用一般过去时 北京春季卷 23 As we climbed the mountain we fed monkeys visiting temples and told stories visiting 改为 visited 因为它与其前的 fed 和其后的 told 并列 全国卷 24 But his parents think go to college is more important than playing sports go 改为 going 因为动词原形不能用作主语 安徽春季卷 25 children may not develop the habit of read and the ability to enjoy themselves read 改为 reading 因为介词后要接动名词 年北京春季卷 26 to make children to want things that they don t really need 去掉 want 前的 to 因为 want 在此用作使役动词 make 的宾语补足语 年北京春季卷 27 Soon I began to enjoy talk to myself on paper as I was learning to express myself in simple English talk 改为 talking 因为动词 enjoy 后要接动名 词作宾语 全国卷 28 Shake her head she said It isn t a good time to do that dear Shake 改为 Shaking 现在分词表伴随 江苏卷 29 It s like going to a huge library without have to walk around to find your books have 改为 having 介词后用动名词作宾语 广西卷 30 I am thinking of making a trip to London and visit the British Museum and some parks visit 改为 visiting 因 visit 与 making 并列 作介词 of 的 宾语 四川卷 31 I have some records giving to me as birthday gifts giving 改为 given 把某物给某人 是 give sth to sb 句中 records 与 give 是被动关系 故用过去 分词 32 I dream of standing on the platform in the classroom and give lessons to lovely boys and girls give 改为 giving 因它与 standing 并列 作 dream of 的 宾语 用心 爱心 专心 8 三 模拟单句演练 1 In those days we were forced work twelve hours a day 2 It s very difficult for a foreigner learn Chinese 3 It was silly of you believe what he said 4 He was made wash the boss s car once a day 5 I ll let you to know as soon as I hear from her 6 I waved to her but failed attract her attention 7 I have already seen the film twice I don t want see it any more 8 What I want know is when all this happened 9 It was clear that he wanted be alone 10 Most children are interested in listen to stories 11 Walk quickly is difficult for an old man 13 Be careful in cross the street 14 The film is very interesting It is worth see twice 15 Find work is very difficult these days 16 Most of us students enjoy ask questions in English 17 Look some of my classmates are practising speak English over there 18 Teach a child to sing and dance is very interesting 19 Learn to speak English is more difficult than to write it 20 My friend Jim is very good at making things and repair things 21 He decided to go to the south find a good job and living there 22 It was very kind of you to buy us some much fruit and seeing us at the station 23 Excuse me would you to tell me the way to the zoo 参考答案 1 work 前加 to 此句为 force sb to do sth 的被动形式 2 learn 前加 to 此句用的是 it s difficult for sb to do sth 句型 3 believe 前加 to 此句用的是 it s silly of sb to do sth 句型 4 wash 前加 to make sb do sth 中的 do 不能带 to 但若 make 用于被动语态 则其后的 do 要带 to 5 去掉 to 因为 let 后用作宾语补足语的不定式不能带 to 6 attract 前加 to fail to do sth 意为 未能做某事 7 see 前加 to want 想要 后接动词要用不定式 8 know 前加 to want 想要 后接动词要用不定式 9 be 前加 to want 想要 后接动词要用不定式 10 listen 改为 listening 介词后接动名词作宾语 12 Walk 改为 Walking 用作主语要用动名词 不用动词原形 注意不能将 walk 视为名词 因为其后有副词修饰语 quickly 13 cross 改为 crossing 介词后接动名词作宾语 14 see 改为 seeing worth 后接动词要用动名词形式 15 Find 改为 Finding 用作主语要用动名词 不用动词原形 16 ask 改为 asking enjoy 后接动词作宾语要用动名词形式 17 speak 改为 speaking practise 后接动词作宾语要用动名词形式 18 Teach 改为 Teaching 用作主语要用动名词 不用动词原形 用心 爱心 专心 9 19 Learn 改为 Learning 用作主语要用动名词 不用动词原形 20 repair 改为 repairing 因它与 making 并列 一起用作介词 at 的宾语 21 living 改为 live 因它与其前的 go to find 并列 22 seeing 改为 see 因它与 to buy 并列 see 为省略 to 的不定式 23 去掉 tell 前的 to 因 would you 后应接动词原形 不接不定式 短文改错考点解析 缺词 一 考点规律分析 与多词错误的情形相似 缺词也主要涉及英语中一些 小 词 如冠词 介词 不定式 符号 人称代词 动词 be 等 具体说来 漏词错误可能涉及的问题有 不及物动词后接宾 语时漏加必要的介词 在该金太阳新课标资源网带不定式符号 to 的地方漏加 to 在单数可 数名词表示泛指意义时漏加必要的限定词 尤其是漏加不定冠词 漏掉表特指的定冠词 漏掉被动语态中的助动词 be 漏加系表结构中的连系动词 be 漏加一些常用结构或表达中 的介词 如漏掉 a lot of 中的 of 漏掉 because of 中的 of 漏掉 instead of 中的 of 等 漏掉某些从句的 引导词 通常会导致意义不通 漏掉形式宾语 it 二 真题单句归纳 1 When we walked to the car Bill smiled and shook head head 前加 his 汉语可 摇头 而按英语的习惯要说 shake one s head 全国卷 2 When I have free time I go a long walk go 后加 for go for a walk 是习语 全国卷 3 Charles said As soon I see a realy tall building I want to climb it 第一个 I 前加 as 因为 as soon as 为引导时间状语从句的引导词 全国卷 4 Good health is person s most valuable possession person s 前加 a 这里的 a 表泛指 全国卷 5 The World Health Organization and other organizations are working improve health all over the world improve 前加 to to improve 为表目的的不定 式短语 全国卷 6 There is public library in every town in Britain public library 前 加 a 因这里的 public library 是单数可数名词表泛指 故在其前用 a 全国卷 7 In some places you may borrow many books as you want many 之前加 as 因此处为 as as 结构 全国卷 8 and let you know when the book you want has returned returned 之 前加 been 因从句意上看 此处用被动语态 全国卷 9 I had always wanted return to the village after moving away return 前加 to 因为 want 后要接不定式 全国卷 10 I told Mother Father Sister all my friends here what a great time I had all 前加 and 表示并列关系 全国卷 11 They eager to know everything about China and asked me lots of questions eager 前加 were 因此处缺谓语动词 全国卷 12 I d like to your pen friend and get to know more about your country to 后加 be become 因 would like 后接不定式 根据句意此处应补 be become 全国卷 13 What your favourite sport what 后加 is 或将 What 改为 What s 此 句缺谓语 全国卷 14 We must keep in mind that we play for the team instead ourselves 用心 爱心 专心 10 instead 后加 of instead of 为复合介词 在此表示 而不是 全国卷 15 Each player must obey captain who is the leader of the team captain 前加冠词 the captain 为特指 全国卷 16 I was happy with any programme but the others spent a lot time arguing a lot 后加 of 因 a lot 不能直接修饰名词 全国卷 17 I ll take this chance to wish you wonderful time on your birthday wonderful 前加 a 该表达与 have a good time 类似 其中的 a 不可省 北京春季 卷 18 I d like very much come but I had an examination on Monday morning come 前加 to 因为 would like 后接不定式 北京春季卷 19 The day before the speech contest 比赛 English teacher talked to me English 前加 my teacher 为单数可数名词 前面要限定词 全国卷 20 In one class I learned it rained it 前加 why why 在此表原因 北京春季卷 21 But then there is always more mysteries look into look 前加 to 此 处为不定式作后置定语 北京春季卷 22 My parents love me dearly of course and will do all they can make sure