主语从句讲解及其练习

主语从句 一 主语从句的连词分三类 1 从属连词引导的主语从句 that whether if that 引导的主语从句 引导词 that 无含义 在句中不做成分 不可以省 That 引导主语从句通 常用 it 作形式主语 例如 That you will win the medal seems unlikely That she survived the accident is a miracle whether 引导的主语从句 whether 有含义 是否 在句中不做成分 不可以省 注意 引导主语从句 不能用 if 不能在开头 只能用 whether Whether we will hold a party in the open air tomorrow depends on the weather Whether she is coming or not doesn t matter too much 2 用连接代词引导的主语从句 在由连接代词 who whose whom which what whoever whomever whichever whatever 引导 的名词性从句中 其连接代词在句中起名词性作用 担当一定成分 例如 What you need is more practice Whatever we do is to serve the people 注 whatever whoever 的功用 whatever whoever 在主语从句中不含疑问意义 它引导主语从句 并在从句中作主语 宾 语 表语等 whatever anything that whoever anyone who 要注意和 whatever whoever 引导的让步状 语从句的区别 如 Whoever breaks the law should be punished 主语从句 Anyone who breaks the law should be punished Whoever breaks the law he should be punished 让步状语从句 No matter who breaks the law he should be punished 3 用连接副词 when where why how 引导的名词性从句 其连接副词有含义 在句中作状 语 例如 Where we should leave it is a problem When they will come hasn t been made pubic 三 it 作形式主语的主语从句 有时为了考虑句子平衡 通常在主语从句处使用形式主语 it 而将真正的主语从句移至句 末 这分四种情况 1 对于以连词 that 引导的主语从句 通常用形式主语 it 替代主语从句 It is 名词 从句 It is a fact that 事实是 It is good news that 是好消息 It is a question that 是个问题 It is common knowledge that 是常识 类似的名词还有 a pity a wonder a good thing no wonder surprise 等 It is a mystery to me how it all happened It is common knowledge that the whale is not a fish It is no surprise that Bob should have won the game It is 形容词 从句 It is necessary that 有必要 It is clear that 很清楚 It is likely that 很可 能 It is important that 重要的是 类似的形容词还有 strange natural obvious true good wonderful possible unlikely quite unusual certain evident worth while surprising interesting astonishing etc It is doubtful whether she will be able to come It is essential that he should be here by the weekend It seems obvious that we can not go on like this It is necessary that you should master the computer 需要注意的是这类主语从句中 谓语动词很多为 should 动词原形 即要用虚拟语 气 It is 过去分词 从句 It is said that 据说 It is reported that 据报道 It has been proved that 已证 明 It must be proved that 必须指出 类似的过去分词还有 known estimated expected believed thought hoped noted discussed required decided suggested demanded made clear found out etc 例如 It is used to be thought that a new star must be due to a collision between two stars It has not been made clear when the new road is to be opened to traffic It seems 不及物动词 happened appears doesn t t matter makes no difference occurred that 主语从句不可提前 It makes no difference whether he will attend the meeting or not It does not matter if I missed my train It happened that I saw him yesterday 2 对于以连接代词 副词 引导的主语从句 可以使用形式主语代主语从句 也可直接在 句首使用主语从句 Whether they would support us was a problem 他们是否会支持我们还是一个问题 It was a problem whether they would support us 他们是否会支持我们还是一个问题 3 对关系代词型 what 引导的主语从句 通常直接将主语从句放在句首 如 What we need is money 我们需要的是钱 What I want to know is this 我想知道的就是这一点 有时也可将助用形式主语 如 It is clear enough what he meant 他是什么意思很清楚 4 如果句子是疑问句 则必须用带形式主语 it 的结构 Is it true that he is the girl s father 他是那女孩的父亲 是真的吗 How is it that you are late again 你怎么又迟到了 四 连词四 连词 that 的省略问题的省略问题 引导主语从句的连词 that 有时可省 有时不能省 其原则是 若 that 引导的主语从句直接 位于句首 则 that 不能省略 若 that 引导的主语从句位于句末 而在句首使用了形式主语 it 则 that 可以省略 That you didn t go to the talk was a pity 很遗憾你没去听报告 that 不可省 It was a pity that you didn t go to the talk 很遗憾你没去听报告 that 可省 5 高考题 1 It never occurred to me you could succeed in persuading him to change his mind 陕西高 考 A which B what C that D if 2 It s obvious to the students they should get well prepared for their future 天津卷 A as B that C which D whether 3 some people regard as a drawback is seen as a plug by many others 2010 北京 A Whether B What C That D How 4 It is uncertain side effect the medicine will bring about although about two thousand patients have taken it 2010 浙江 A that B how C what D whether 主语从句练习题 1 makes mistakes must correct them A What B That C Whoever D Whatever 2 It worried her a bit her hair was turning grey A while B that C if D for 3 When and why he came here yet A is not known B are not known C has not known D have not known 4 is no reason for dismissing her A Because she was a few minutes late B Owing to a few minutes late C The fact that she was a few minutes late D Being a few minutes late 5 Tom liked to eat was different from A That that you had expected B What that you had expected C That what you had expected D What what you had expected 6 we go swimming every day us a lot of good A If do B That do C If does D That does 7 It Bob drives badly A thinks that B is thought what C thought that D is thought that 8 It s uncertain the experiment is worth doing A if B that C whether D how 9 the boy didn t take medicine made his mother angry A That B What C How D Which 10 we can t get seems better than we have A What what B What that C That that D That what 11 you don t like him is none of my business A What B Who C That D Whether 12 we ll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather A If B Whether C That D Where 13 is going to do the job will be decided by the Party committee A That B Why C How D Who 14 we ll finish translating the book depends on the time A When B Why C What D That 15 he won t go there is clear to all of us A How B What C Why D This 16 the house will be built will be discussed at tomorrow s meeting A If B Where C That D What 17 you come or not is up to you A What B If C Why D Whether 18 makes mista