八年级英语暑假专题——谓语动词的人称变化：主谓一致教科版

1 八年级英语暑假专题八年级英语暑假专题 谓语动词的人称变化 主谓一致教科版谓语动词的人称变化 主谓一致教科版 本讲教育信息本讲教育信息 一 教学内容 暑假专题 谓语动词的人称变化 主谓一致 英文中主语和谓语必须在人称 数量方面保持一致 这就是主谓一致 当句子的主语 涉及到不同的人称时 谓语动词的第一动词要与主语的人称和单复数保持一致 主谓一致 的关键是判断主语是单数还是复数 例 I raise my arm 我抬起我的手臂 He raises his arm 他抬起他的手臂 1 主谓一致主要体现在主语为第三人称单数时 谓语动词要变成相应的单数形式 动词 第三人称单数的变化规则与名词单数变复数相同 例 He buys a new bicycle 他买了一辆新的自行车 They buy a new bicycle 他们买了一辆新的自行车 2 谓语和主语的单复数一致 实际上只反映在第一个动词之上 例 He has seen her in the garden 他在花园中见到了他 I have seen her in the garden 我在花园中见到了他 规则总结 主谓一致的三个原则 语法一致 意义一致 就近一致 请见下表 用 法例 句 1 主语为单数名词或单数第三人称代词 时 谓语用单数 The park is very beautiful He works for a joint venture 2 主语为 one one of 由 some any no every 构成的合成代词或 more than one 时 谓语用单数 Nobody believes it More than one book in my library has been stolen 3 主语为 many a 时 谓语用单数 Many a clever boy has asked such silly questions 4 each either neither another 作主语时 谓语动词用单数 Neither of them has taken away the book 5 主语为复数名词时 谓语一般用复数 Many students like swimming 6 集合名词 people police 等作主语时 谓语动词用复数 People were cheered and waved when the Prime Minister arrived at the airport 7 主语为 a group number of 复数名词 时 谓语用复数 A group of students have made this proposal 8 and 连接的两个或两个以上名词或代 词做主语时 谓语动词用复数形式 Jack and Peter come to see you 语 法 一 致 一 视 名 词 中 心 词 的 数 而定 9 主语为 a part of 时 如果名词为复 数 谓语用复数 a part of 后接不可数 名词时 谓语用单数 A large part of passengers were hurt in the accident 2 10 集合名词 family class 等作主语时 如看作整体 谓语动词用单数 如强调 个体 则谓语动词用复数 My family has lived here for twenty years The class are having a meeting 11 主语为单数或复数名词 后接 together with along with accompanied by 或 as well as 等 词组的数决定于作主 语的名词中心词 The actress along with her manager and some friends is going to a party downtown this evening 12 表示度量 时间等概念的复数名词 作主语时 根据意义一致的原则 把这 些复数名词看作一个整体 谓语动词采 取单数形式 Ten dollars is not enough Three years passes in no time at all in a quiet village 意 义 一 致 二 只求内在含义的一致 13 加 s 的名词作主语 如果该词含义 为复数 谓语动词采取复数形式 含义 为单数 谓语动词采取单数形式 Politics is often a topic for discussion among us 指政治这 一课题 What are your politics 指政治观 点 14 当名词化的形容词作主语时 指一 类人时 谓语用复数形式 指物时多用 单数谓语 Those badly injured are taken away 指受伤的人 The progressive is sure to prevail over the conservative 指势力 15 动名词或 what 引导的从句作主语时 若指的是并列的两个概念 谓语用复数 形式 What is right and what is wrong are of no small sense in such a case Saying and doing are two things of no small measure 16 由 not only but also either or neither nor 引导的主 语中 谓语动词应采取就近一致原则 与距离最近的主语保持一致 Neither the president of the company nor the sales manager has a Mster Degree 17 在强调句的 It is 代词 that who 结构中 从句谓语与 it is that who 中强调部分的主语一致 It is the irony of fate that brings these two men together It is I who am not willing to accept your offer 就 近 一 致 三 谓语 形式 与最 靠近 它的 主语 名词 一 致 18 在 There be 主语 的句型中也 常采用就近原则 但也往往按主语的实 际数量使用相应的谓语形式 There is a dictionary and many books on the desk There are many books and a dictionary on the desk 3 19 在以 one of 复数名词 who 引导的定语从句中 从句谓语动词可根 据强调的实际人数或就近原则用复数或 单数 John is one of my close friends who are always ready to help when I am in trouble John is the only one of my close friends who is always ready to help when I am in trouble 20 some any none half 作主语时 谓语 动词的单 复数形式视情况而定 Half of the students are boys Half is enough 典型例题典型例题 1 No one except two students the meeting A has been late forB have been late forC was late for D were late for 2 All but him and me to the exhibition A am going B is goingC are going D was going 3 Interest as well as prospects important when one looks for a job A are B were C is D was 4 The president accompanied by his assistants A have arrived B are arrivingC had arrived D has arrived 5 A number of cars in front of the park A is parkedB was parked C are parked D has parked 参考答案 参考答案 1 5 CCCDC 模拟试题模拟试题 答题时间 25 分钟 1 Each of you responsible for the accident A am B be C isD are 2 Each man and woman the same rights A has B have C had D is having 3 Every means tried but without much result A has been B have beenC areD is 4 There in this room A are too much furniture B is too many furnitures C are too much furnituresD is too much furniture 5 The manager or his assistant planning to go A were B areC was D be 6 Not only I but also David and Iris fond of playing basketball A am B is C are D was 7 Neither Tom nor his parents at home A is B are C has D was 8 Either the dean or the principal the meeting A attendsB attendC are attending D have attended 9 was wrong 4 A Not the teacher but the students B Both the students and the teacher C Neither the teacher not the studentsD Not the students but the teacher 10 twenty dollars a big sum to her I suppose so A Will beB Is C Are D Were 11 Three hours enough for us to finish the task A areB has C is D were 12 Most of his savings in the Xin Hua Bank A has been keptB is being kept C have kept D have been kept 13 All that can be done A has done B has been done C have done D have been done 14 One or perhaps more pages A is missing B has been missed C are missing D was missing 15 More than one worker dismissed A have been B areC has beenD has 16 Many a student the importance of learning a foreign language A have realized B has realize C have been realized D has been realized 17 The gas works near the city A is B areC wereD be 18 The surroundings of his house clean now A isB are C wasD were 19 The committee over the problem among themselves for two hours A has argued B has been arguing C have argued D have been arguing 20 The public generous in their contributions to the earthquake victims A is B was C are D has been 21 Cattle on the hillside A grazes B is grazing C was grazingD were grazing 22 Her politics neither conservative nor liberal A is B are C was D has been 23 Measles a kind of infectious illness A is B areC wereD have been 24 The Philippines to the south east of China A liesB lie C lay D lays 25 Mary is one of the girls wh