基于单片机温度监测系统设计的外文翻译

第 1 页 外文文献资料外文文献资料 DistributedDistributed TemperatureTemperature SensorSensor 1 Sensor introduction 1 1 Temperature sensor background In the human living environment temperature playing an extremely important role No matter where you live engaged in any work ever present dealt with temperature under Since the 18th century industry since the industrial revolution to whether can master send exhibition has the absolute temperature touch In metallurgy steel petrochemical cement glass medicine industry and so on can say almost eighty percent of industrial departments have to consider the factors with temperature Temperature for industrial so important thus promoting the development of the temperature sensor 1 2 Temperature sensor development Major general through three sensor development phase analog integrated temperature sensor The sensor is taken with silicon semiconductor integrated workmanship therefore also called silicon sensor or monolithic integrated temperature sensor Such sensing instruments have single function only measuring temperature temperature measurement error is smaller price low fast response the transmission distance small volume micro consumption electronic etc suitable for long distance measurement temperature temperature control do not need to undertake nonlinear calibration peripheral circuit is simple It is currently the most common application at home and abroad an integrated sensor Typical products have AD590 AD592 TMP17 LM135 etc jAnalog integrated temperature controller Analog integrated temperature controller mainly include temperature control switch programmable temperature controller a typical product have LM56 AD22105 and MAX6509 Some increase strength type integrated temperature controller for example TC652 653 also contains the A D converter and cure good sequence this process with the intelligent temperature sensor some similarities But it is not its system work by micro processing device control this is the main difference between Intelligent temperature sensor intelligent temperature sensor also called digital temperature degrees sensor is in the mid 1990s launch It is microelectronics technology computer technology and the dynamic testing technology ATE crystallization Intelligent temperature sensor internal contain temperature sensor A D converter signal 第 2 页 processor memory or registers and interface circuit Some products still take multiplexer central control system device CPU random access memory RAM and read only memory ROM Intelligent temperature sensor is characteristic of temperature data and relevant can output the temperature control of the quantity adaptation various micro controller MCU 1 3 Single point and more temperature sensor The development trend of the temperature sensor In the 21st century the temperature sensor is headed in high precision multi function bus standardization high reliability and safety development of virtual sensor and network sensor research monolithic temperature measuring system and other high tech direction develop rapidly Sensors in the application temperature controlling system Current market exists mainly single point and more two temperature measurement For single point temperature foundment instrument mainly adopts the traditional analog integrated temperature sensor which heat resistance thermocouple sensors measuring accuracy high measurement range and got the general application This product is temperature measuring range 200 mostly between 800 resolution 12th and least distinguishable temperature in 0 001 0 01 between Cabin LED display module shows ranging from 4 to 16 Some instruments also has memory function can store several hundred to a few thousand sets of data This instrument can be very good meet a single user single point measurement needs More temperature measurement relative and single point measurement precision has certain gap although realized the multi channel temperature measurement and control but the price is expensive In view of the present market situation proposed this topic can satisfy requirements scalable and cost effective single chip multi channel temperature measuring system Through the first temperature sensor DS18B20 acquisition and then through the C51 SCM processing and displayed on the digital tube can be collected indoor or a greenhouse around in different locations of the temperature with four digital tube to display The first digital pipe display acquisition is which way which channel Three digital pipe display after the acquisition channel by temperature accurate to 0 1 degrees 2 The system realized and related technologies 2 1 The system is realized By the whole control system for core AT89C51 using four ways of temperature sensor DS18B20 in production site for distribution area of four different temperature measurement result with the chip checking collation store and display and through the button control temperature will process after the 第 3 页 LED digital display to come out and the software assurance system anti interference capacity four DS1820 connected to MCU respectively this scheme four IO mouth occupy MCU four IO though but the microcontroller IO mouth under the condition of mouth not shortage by this scheme greatly simplify programming difficulty shorten the design cycle also can guarantee the stability of the system A multipoint connection as shown 1 1 DS1820 DS1820 DS1820 DS1820 AT89C51 MCU P1 0 P1 1 P1 2 P1 3 P3 4 Display element Button control unit 1 1 multipoint connection 2 2 AT89C51 Chip introduction AT89C51 is a 4K bytes FLASH Memory Erasable Programmable and FPEROM FLASH for the campaigns with low voltage high performance CMOS eight microprocessors commonly known as the microcontroller AT89C2051 is a 2K bytes with flash memory can be erased programmable read only memory SCM can erase read only memory can be repeated erased 1000 times This device adopts ATMEL high density non volatile memory manufacturing technology manufacturing and industrial standard MCS 51 instruction set and output tube compatible Due to the multifunctional 8 bits CPU and will be flashing on single chip combination of memory ATMEL AT89C51 is a kind of high efficient micro controller AT89C2051 is a streamlined version AT89C 51microcontroller as many embedded control system Arrange appearance and pin as shown in figure 1 2 shown 第 4 页 1 2 AT89C51 pins figure Major features and MCS 51 compatible 4K bytes programmable FLASH memory life 1000 write wipe cycle data retention time 10 years the static job 0Hz 24MHz level 3 program memory lock 128 x 8 bits internal RAM 32 programmable I O lines two 16 timer 5 interrupt source programmable serial channels low power consumption of idle and power lost mode piece inside oscillator and clock circuit Tube feet explains VCC power supply voltage GND grounded P0 Mouth P0 mouth a eight leak level two way I O mouth open every foot can absorb 8TTL gate current When the pipe mouth P0 feet first write 1 defined as high resistance input P0 can be used for 第 5 页 external program data storage it can be defined as the eighth data address In FIASH programming P0 mouth as the source code input port when FIASH check the source code P0 output when P0 external must be pulled P1 mouth mouth is an internal P1 provide pull up resistors 8 bit two way I O mouth P1 mouth buffer can receive 4TTL gate current output P1 mouth tube feet was then write 1 for high pull up inside can be used as input P1 mouth be external pull down for low electricity at ordinary times will output current this is due to internal pull up sake In FLASH programming and calibration P1 mouth as eighth address to receive P2 mouth for an internal P2 mouth on the 8 bit pull up resistors two way I O port P2 mouth to receive the output buffer 4 TTL gate current when P2 mouth is written 1 its tube feet are internal pull up resistors and push as input And so as the input P2 mouth feet are external down tube will output current This is due to internal pull up sake P2 mouth when used external program memory or 16 address external data memory access P2 mouth high output address eight In a given address 1 it using internal and external 8 address advantage when for reading and writing data memory P2 when the special function registers mouth output of content P2 mouth in FLASH programming and the calibration eight address when receiving high signal and control signals P3 mouth P3 mouth pipe is 8 feet with internal pull up resistors two way I O port may receive four TTL gate current out put When P3 mouth writing 1 they are internal and high level and used as input As input due to external drop down for low level P3 mouth will output current ILL this is due to pull up s sake RST reset input When oscillator reset device to keep RST feet high level two machine cycle time ALE PROG when access external storage address latch allows the output level of the position for latch address byte During the FLASH programming this pin for input programming pulse In peacetime the ALE with a constant frequency cycle output is the pulse signal the frequencies of the 1 6 oscillator frequency So it can be used against external output pulse or used for timing purpose However it is whenever used for external data storage will skip a ALE pulse If you want to ban the ALE output can be in SFR8EH address for 0 At this time only by performing the ALE MOVX MOVC instruction is ALE to take effect In addition the pins were slightly up If microprocessor in external execution ALE buy a ban is invalid PSEN external program memory choice of communication number By external program memory in during the instruction fetch each machine cycle twice PSEN effective But on a visit to external data storage the two effective PSEN signals will not appear EA VPP when EA keep low levels in this period the external program memory 0000H FFFFH 第 6 页 whether have internal program memory Note encryption method 1 EA will RESET for internal focus When EA end keep high electricity at ordinary times internal program memory here During the FLASH programming this pin is also used VPP 12V programming power on XTAL1 the inverting oscillator amplifier input and input to the internal clock operating circuit XTAL2 from reverse oscillator output 2 3 DS18B20 Chip introduction DALLAS latest digital temperature sensor DS18B20 profile new 1 wire devices smaller wider and voltage applied to the DALLAS semiconductor company more economic DS1820 digital temperature sensor is the world the first piece of support 1 wire bus interface temperature sensor 1 wire bus unique and economic characteristics the user can easily form sensor network for measuring system the construction of a new concept introduction DS18B20 1 wire bus with DS1820 digital temperature sensor DS18B20 also support as 1 wire bus interface measuring temperature range for 55 C 125 C in 10 85 C range precision C for 0 5 Scene in 1 wire bus temperature directly the digital mode can greatly improve the system of anti jamming Suitable for the scene in the bad environment temperature measurement such as environment control equipment or process control temperature measurement of consumer electronics etc And the previous generation product is different the new product support 3V 5 5 V voltage range make the system design more flexibly and conveniently But a new generation of products cheaper smaller DS18B20 can program sets 9 12 resolution precision C for 0 5 Optional smaller encapsulation way more wide voltage range Resolution setting and users set alarm temperature EEPROM stored in power lost and still save DS18B20 performance is the best product of new generation Performance to price also is very good DS18B20 New performance 1 data available supply voltage range 3 0 5 5 V 2 temperature measuring range 55 125 in 10 85 to 0 5 when precision 3 programmable resolution for the 9 12 the corresponding can distinguish respectively the temperature of 0 5 and 0 125 by 0 25 0 0625 4 12 resolution in most 750ms temperature into digital within 5 negative pressure characteristics power at the polarity thermometers won t because when heating and burned but can t work normally DS18B20 Appearance and internal structure 第 7 页 DS18B20 internal structure consists mainly of four parts 64 bit photolithography ROM temperature sensors nonvolatile temperature alarm triggers TH TL configuration and registers DS18B20 tube feet arrangement is 1 3 internal structure is 1 4 1 3 DS18B20 tube feet arrangement 1 DQ for digital signal input output terminal 2 GND for power 3 VDD for external power supplies input in parasitic power connection mode grounding 1 4 internal structure 3 Debug simulation 3 1 Protues Proteus is Labeenter electronics company research UK EDA software Proteus is not only the analog 第 8 页 and digital circuit d a hybrid circuit design and simulation platform but also is currently the world s most advanced the most complete various types of micro controller system design and simulation platform It really realized complete on computer schematic design from circuit analysis and simulation and single chip microcomputer and grade debugging and simulation code system test and functional verification of the PCB formation to complete the design and development process of electronic Proteus product series also contains a revolutionary VSM technology based on micro control can the design with all peripheral electronic device simulation together First start Proteus and Proteus components from the library selection need drawing diagram and set component the corresponding element parameter values 3 2 Keilc Keil Vision 2 is about the 8051 series MCU Keil company of development tools can be used to compile C source code assemblers source program connection and relocation target files and libraries gen built documents debugging purposes procedure etc it is a kind of integration of document management compile environment It integrates document editing processing compile connection project management window tools cited and software copy true debugging and other functions is pretty powerful development tool In keil inside compile the procedures required commissioning 3 3 alignment 1 detection TCP IP 2 duplicate the Proteus installation directory vdm51 Who folder keilc C51 DLL to bin directory 3 modify the installation directory Keil tools TDRV4 BIN add the DLL VDM51 4 in the schematic drawing Proteus in Debug menu select Use Remote Debug hand 5 in open in a project Keil right click Target1 choose for Target Target 1 In the open dialog box select De bug TAB select and use VSM Proteus Emulator simulation figure 6 shows click Ok complete Debug Settings 6 graph 6 such Keil Proteus and is connected the simulation results can be in Proteus or Keil This circuit system USES 1 wire bus digital sensor DS18B20 to realize the collection of temperature using seven segment digital tube data shows Will program and simulation diagram realization circuit connected simulation 第 9 页 中文翻译稿中文翻译稿 翻译 苏州大学 应用技术学院 07 电子 学号 朱琳 分布式温度传感器分布式温度传感器 1 传感器简介 1 1 温度传感器的背景 在人类生活环境中 温度扮演着一个极其重要的角色 无论你住在哪里 从事什么工作 都会与温度打交 道 自 18 世纪工业时代以来 工业革命对能否控制 发送显示温度有着绝对的联系 在冶金 锻钢 石化 水泥 医学等产业中 可以这样说几乎 80 的工业部门不得不考虑温度的因素 温度对工业来说如此重要 因此也推动了温度传感器的发展 1 2 温度传感器的发展 传感器主要大体经过了三个发展阶段 模拟集成温度传感器 该传感器是采用硅半导体集成工艺制成 因此亦称硅传感器或单片集成温度传感器 此种传感器具有功能单一 仅测量温度 测温误差小 价格 低 响应速度快 传输距离远 体积小 功耗低 适合远距离测温 控温 不需要进行非线性校准 外 围电路 简单 它是目前在国内外应用最为普遍的一种集成传感器 典型产品有 AD590 AD592 TMP17 LM135 等 模拟集成温度控制器 模拟集成温度控制器主要包括温度控制开关 可编程 温度控制器 典型产品有 LM56 AD22105 和 MAX6509 某些增强型集成温度控制器 例如 TC652 653 中还包含了 A D 转换器以及固化好的程序 这些工艺与智能温度传感器有某些相似之处 但它自成系统 工作时并不受微处理器的控制 这是智能温度传感器和非智能之间的主要区别 智能温度传感器 亦称数字 温度传感器 是 20 世纪 90 年代中期问世的 它是微电子技术 计算机技术和自动测试技术 ATE 的结晶 智能温度传感器内部都包含温度传感器 A D 转换器 信号处理器 存储器 或寄存器 和接口电路 有的 产品还带多路选择器 中央控制器 CPU 随机存取存储器 RAM 和只读存储器 ROM 智能温度传感器的 特点 是能输出温度数据及相关的温度控制量 适配各种微控制器 MCU 1 3 单点与多点温度传感器 温度传感器的发展趋势 进 21 世纪后 温度传感器正朝着高精度 多功能 总线标准化 高可靠性及安 全性 开发虚拟传感器和网络传感器 研制单片测温系统等高科技的方向迅速发展 传感器在温度测控系 第 10 页 统中的应用 目前市场主要存在单点和多点两种温度测量仪表 对于单点温测仪表 主要采用传统的模拟 集成温度传感器 其中又以热电阻 热电偶等传感器的测量精度 高 测量范围大 而得到了普遍的应用 此种产品测温范围大都在 200 800 之间 分辨率 12 位 最小分辨温度在 0 001 0 01 之间 自带 LED 液晶显示模块 显示 4 位到 16 位不等 有的仪表还具有存储功能 可存储几百到几千组数据 该类 仪表可很好的满足单个用户单点测量的需要 多点温度测量仪表 相对与单点的测量精度有一定的差距 虽然实现了多路温度的测控 但价格昂贵 针对目前市场的现状 本课题提出了一种可满足要求 可扩展 的并且性价比高的单片机多路测温系统 通过温度传感器 DS18B20 采集 然后通过 C51 单片机处理并在 数码管上显示 可以采集室内或温室中四处不同位置的温度 用四个数码管来显示 第一个数码管显示所 采集的是哪一路 哪个通道 后三个数码管显示所采集通道的温度值 精确到 0 1 度 2 系统的实现及相关技术 2 1 系统的实现 整个控制系统采用 AT89C51 芯片 采用多线连接 就是四个 DS1820 分别连接到单片机的四个 IO 口 采集到的温度结果通过串口通信 然后芯片将采集到的数据处理 在外部显示器显示出来 并且能够实现 外部键盘的控制 温度在 LED 液晶显示屏显示出来后 通过软件编程确保系统有一定的抗干扰能力 这种 方案虽然占用单片机的四个 IO 口 但在单片机 IO 口不紧缺的情况下采用这种方案大大的简化了编程难度 缩短了设计周期 同时也能保证系统的稳定 多线连接方案的框图如 图 1 1 所示 DS1820 DS1820 DS1820 DS1820 AT89C51 单片机 P1 0 P1 1 P1 2 P1 3 P3 4 显示单元 按键控制单元 图 1 1 DS1820 多线连接方案 2 2 AT89C51 单片机简介 AT89C51 是一种带 4K 字节 FLASH 存储器 FPEROM Flash Programmable and Erasable Read Only Memory 的低电压 高性能 CMOS 8 位微处理器 俗称单片机 AT89C2051 是一种带 2K 字节闪存可编程 可擦除只读存储器的单片机 单片机的可擦除只读存储器可以反复擦除 1000 次 该器件采用 ATMEL 高密 度非易失存储器制造技术制造 与工业标准的 MCS 51 指令集和输出管脚相兼容 由于将多功能 8 位 CPU 第 11 页 和闪存存储器组合在单个芯片中 ATMEL 的 AT89C51 是一种高效微控制器 AT89C2051 是它的一种精简 版本 AT89C51 单片机为很多嵌入式控制系统提供了一种灵活性高且价廉的方案 外形及引脚排列如图 图 1 2 所示 图 1 2 AT89C51 引脚图 主要特性 与 MCS 51 兼容 4K 字节可编程 FLASH 存储器 寿命 1000 写 擦循环 数据保留时间 10 年 全静态工作 0Hz 24MHz 三级程序存储器锁定 128 8 位内部 RAM 32 可编程 I O 线 两个 16 位定时器 计数器 5 个中断源 可编程串行通道 低功耗的闲置和掉电模式 片内振荡器和时钟电路 管脚说明 第 12 页 VCC 供电电压 GND 接地 P0 口 P0 口为一个 8 位漏极开路双向 I O 口 每脚可吸收 8TTL 门电流 当 P0 口的管脚先要写入高 电平 被定义为高阻输入 P0 能够用于外部程序数据存储器 它可以被定义为低八位数据或地址总线 在 FIASH 编程时 P0 口作为原码输入口 当 FIASH 进行校验时 P0 输出原码 此时 P0 外部必须被拉高 P1 口 P1 口是一个内部提供上拉电阻的 8 位双向 I O 口 P1 口缓冲器能接收输出 4TTL 门电流 P1 口 管脚写入高电平后 被内部上拉为高 可用作输入 P1 口被外部下拉为低电平时 将输出电流 这是由于 内部上拉的缘故 在 FLASH 编程和校验时 P1 口作为高八位地址接收 P2 口 P2 口为一个内部上拉电阻的 8 位双向 I O 口 P2 口缓冲器可接收 输出 4 个 TTL 门电流 当 P2 口被写入高电平时 其管脚被内部上拉电阻拉高 且作为输入 并因此作为输入时 P2 口的管脚被外部 拉低 将输出电流 这是由于内部上拉的缘故 P2 口当用于外部程序存储器或 16 位地址外部数据存储器 进行存取时 P2 口输出地址的高八位 在给出地址 1 时 它利用内部上拉优势 当对外部八位地址数据存 储器进行读写时 P2 口输出其特殊功能寄存器的内容 P2 口在 FLASH 编程和校验时接收高八位地址信号 和控制信号 P3 口 P3 口管脚是 8 个带内部上拉电阻的双向 I O 口 可接收输出 4 个 TTL 门电流 当 P3 口写入高 电平后 它们被