最新版八年级英语下册单元知识点归纳

1 2014年新版八年级英语下册知识点年新版八年级英语下册知识点 Unit 1 what s the matter 一 重点短语归纳一 重点短语归纳 1 foot feet 脚 tooth teeth 牙齿 2 have a cold 感冒 3 have a stomachache 胃疼 4 have a sore back 背疼 5 have a sore throat 喉咙疼 6 have a fever 发烧 7 lie down and have a rest 躺下休息 have a rest 休息 8 hot tea with honey 加蜜的热茶 9 see a dentist 看牙医 see a doctor 看医生 10 drink lots of water 多喝水 11 lots of a lot of a lot a lot of lots of 可以修饰可数名词复数和不可数名词 一般用在肯定句中 可以修饰可数名词复数和不可数名词 一般用在肯定句中 There are lots of a lot of books in our library There is a lot of water on the ground a lot 是一个副词词组 跟动词连用 表示十分 很等意思 是一个副词词组 跟动词连用 表示十分 很等意思 Thanks a lot 12 have a toothache 牙疼 13 That s a good idea 好主意 14 go to bed 去睡觉 go to bed early 早上床睡觉 15 feel well 感到好 feel ill 感到不舒服 I don t feel well I m not feeling well 我感觉不舒服 16 start doing to do sth 开始做某事 TO DO 是一件事情完成了 开始做另外一件事情是一件事情完成了 开始做另外一件事情 DOING 是原来的那件事情做到一半 现在又开始做了 是同一件事情 是原来的那件事情做到一半 现在又开始做了 是同一件事情 17 two days ago 两天前 18 get some rest 多休息 休息一会儿 19 I think so 我认为是这样 20 be thirsty 口渴 21 be hungry 饥饿 22 be stressed out 紧张 23 listen to music 听音乐 24 healthy lifestyle 健康的生活方式 25 traditional Chinese doctors 传统中医 26 need to do sth 需要做某事需要做某事 I have a toothache I need to see a dentist 我牙痛 我需要去看牙医 We need to keep our classroom clean 我们需要保持教室的干净 27 a balance of yin and yang 阴阳平衡 28 for example 例如 2 29 too much yin 太多的阴 阴气太盛 too much 不可数名词不可数名词 太多的太多的 much too 形形 副副 实在太实在太 极其 非常极其 非常 too many 可数名词复数可数名词复数 太多的太多的 30 be good for sth doing sth 对什么有益 对什么有好处 be bad for sth doing sth 对什么有害 be good to 对 好 be good at do well in 在 方面好 擅长 be good bad for be good at 的相关用法的相关用法 1 be good for 对 有益 Doing morning exercises is good for your health 做早操对你们的建康有益 2 be good at 擅长于 Li Ping is good at basketball 李平擅长于篮球 Li Ping is good at playing basketball 李平擅长于打篮球 be good at do well in 如 I m good at math I do well in math 我擅长于数学 3 be good to 对 好 Parents are always good to their children 父母亲总是对他们的孩子好 31 get good grades 取得好成绩 32 angry 用法用法 be angry with sb 生某人的气 I was angry with him for keeping me waiting 我对他很生气 因为他让我等了好 久 be angry at about sth 就某事生气 33 Chinese medicine 中药 34 be popular in some place 在某地很流行 Chinese medicine is now popular in many western countries 现在中药在许多 西方国家受欢迎 35 in western countries 在西方国家 36 It s easy to do sth 做某事是容易的 It s important to do sth 做某事很重要 37 balanced diet 平衡饮食 38 get tired 感到疲倦 be get tired 39 go out at night 在晚上出去 When you are tired you shouldn t go out at night 疲倦时 晚上你不该外出 40 stay healthy 保持健康 keep healthy keep in good health 41 at the moment 此时 此刻 now I m not feeling very well at the moment 42 enjoy sth like sth 名词 喜欢某物 enjoy doing sth 喜欢做某事 like dong sth enjoy oneself myself yourself herself himself themselves ourselves itself 反身代词 玩得高兴 过得愉快 have a good time have a wonderful time have fun 43 conversation practice 会话练习 3 44 host family 寄宿家庭 45 have a lot of headaches 经常疼痛 I m tired and I have a lot of headaches 我很疲劳 而且经常头痛 46 a few 可数名词复数 少许 a little 不可数名词 形 副 一点 47 He shouldn t eat anything He should eat nothing 他不应当吃任何东西 48 give sb some advice 给某人建议 give advice 提出建议 advice 是不可数名词是不可数名词 a piece of advice 一则建议 take one s advice 采纳或听从某人的建议 He gave me some good advice 他向我提了一些很好的意见 49 sleep 8 hours a night 每晚睡眠八小时 50 take medicine 吃药 服药 I have to take medicine three times a day for my cold 因为感冒 我不得不一 天吃三次药 二二 固定结构固定结构 It s 形形 for sb to do sth 做某事对某人来说是做某事对某人来说是 的 的 It s important to do sth 做某事很重要 It s important for me to eat a balanced diet 平衡饮食对我来说是很重要的 It s easy to do sth 做某事是容易的 It s easy for us to find out the answer 找出答案对我们来说是容易的 三 重点句子三 重点句子 1 What s the matter What s the mater with you 你怎么啦 What s the trouble with you What s wrong with you I have a cold have a sore back have a stomachache 2 That s too bad You should shouldn t 那太糟糕了 你应该 不该 You should lie down and rest drink hot tea with honey see a dentist see a doctor He shouldn t eat anything He should eat nothing 他不应当吃任何东西 3 I m not felling well 这里 well 表示身体状况 不能用 good 代替 I don t feel well I m not feeling well 我感觉不舒服 4 When did it start About two days ago 什么时候开始的 大约两天前 5 I hope you fell better soon 我希望你很快好起来 这里 better 是 well 的比较级 6 Traditional Chinese doctors believe we need a balance of yin and yang to be healthy 传统中医认为我们需要阴阳调和以保持身体健康 这里 to be healthy 是动词不定式短语 作目的状语 7 You should eat hot yang foods like beef 你应该吃一些像牛肉之类的阳性食物 8 Eating Dangshen and Huangqi herbs is also good for this 4 吃党参和黄芪等草本植物也对这有好处 9 People who are too stressed out and angry may have too much yang 太紧张易怒的人或许吃了太多的阳性食物 too much 后跟不可数名词 而 too many 后跟可数名词复数 10 It s easy to have a healthy lifestyle and it s important to eat a balanced diet 有一个健康的生活方式很容易 饮食平衡是很重要的 It s easy to do sth 做某事容易 It s important to do sth 做某事重要 11 You should rest for a few nights 你应该休息几个晚上 12 I study late every night sometimes until 2 am but I don t think I m impro ving 我每天晚上学到很晚 有时到凌晨2点钟 但我认为我没有提高 13believe in 信任某人 强调品质 believe sb 相信某人的话 I believe him but I can t believe in him 他的话是真的 但是我不信任他这个人 14 I have a toothache I need to see a dentist need 意思为 需要 作实义动词时 后跟动词不定式 否定式为 don t do esn t didn t need to do sth 作情态动词时 只能用于否定句或疑问句中 否定式为 needn t do sth 除有过去式外 没有其它的形态变化 四 知识结构四 知识结构 情态动词情态动词 should 的用法的用法 1 should 是情态动词 它的基本用法是必须和其他动词一起构成谓语 情态动词没 有人称和数的变化 意为 应该 should 应当 应该 用于所有人称 表示劝告或建议 eg You should wait a little more 你应该再多等一会儿 I have a very bad cold 我感冒很厉害 You should lie down and have a rest 你应该躺下 多喝水 maybe 与与 may be 2 1 maybe 是副词 译为 也许 可能 相当于 perhaps 如 Maybe he can answer the question 也许他能回答那个问题 He maybe is from the USA too 他可能也来自美国 2 may be 中的 may 为情态动词 译为 可能是 如 He may be from the USA too 他可能也来自美国 She may be our English teacher 她可能是我们的英语老师 too many too much 与与 much too 3 1 too many 意为 太多 用于修饰可数名词的复数 如 There are too many students in our class 我们班上有太多的学生 2 too much 意为 太多 用于修饰不可数名词 如 We have too much work to do 我们有太多的工作要做 5 3 much too 表示 太 用来修饰形容词或副词 如 The box is much too heavy so I can t carry it 箱子太重了 所以我搬不动它 few a few little a little 的区别和联系 的区别和联系 4 1 few a few 用来修饰可数名词 few 表示否定意义 没有 几乎没有 a fe w 表示有肯定意思 有几个 例如 He has few friends here he feels lonely 他这里没朋友 他感觉寂寞 There are a few eggs in the basket 篮子里有几个鸡蛋 2 little a little 用来修饰不可数名词 little 表示否定意思 没有 几乎没有 a little 表示肯定意思 有一点儿 例如 There is little ink in my bottle can you give me a little ink 我的瓶子里没有墨水了 你能给我点儿墨水吗 not until 直到直到 否定句否定句 才才 动词为短暂性或瞬间性动词 5 She didn t leave until we came He went shopping after he got up He didn t go shopping until before he got up until till 直到直到 肯定句 动词为延续性动词 肯定句 动词为延续性动词 We stayed here till until 12 o clock Unit 2 I ll help clean the city parks 一 知识点 一 知识点 短语动词小结 常见短语动词结构有下面几种 1 动词 副词 如 give up 放弃 turn off 关掉 stay up 熬夜 这种结构有时相当于及物动词 如果其宾语是代词 就必须放在动 词和副词之间 如果是名词 则既可插在动词和副词之间 也可放 在短语动词后 2 动词 介词 如 listen of 听 look at 看 belong to 属于 这种结构相当于及物动词 后面跟宾语 3 动词 副词 介词 如 come up with 提出 想出 6 run out of 用完 耗尽 4 动词 名词 介词 如 take part in 参加 catch hold of 抓住 1 cheer sb up 使 某人 高兴 振作 如 cheer me up 使我高兴 clean up 打扫 clean up n 打扫 2 homeless adj 无家可归的 a homeless boy 一个无家可归的男孩 home n 家 4 sick adj 生病的 作表语 定语 ill adj 生病的 作表语 不能作定语 5 volunteer to do v 志愿效劳 主动贡献 volunteer n 志愿者 6 come up with 提出 想出 think up 想出 catch up with 赶上 追上 7 put off doing 推迟做某事 put on 穿上 指过程 put up 张贴 8 write down 写下 记下 9 call up 打电话 make a telephone call 打电话 10 set up 成立 建立 The new hospital was set up in 2000 这座医院是在 2000 年成立的 11 each 每个 各自的 强调第一个人或事物的个别情况 常与 of 连用 every 每个 每一个的 一切的 则有 全体 的意思不能与 of 连用 12 put to use 把 投入使用 利用 They put the new machine to use 他们把新机器投入使用 13 help sb to do 帮助某人做某事 help him to study help sb with sth 帮助某人做某事 help him with English help do 帮助做某事 help study 14 plan to do 计划做某事 plan 从句 I plan to go to Beijing I plan that I will go to Beijing 我计划去北京 15 spend doing 花费 做 I spent a day visiting Beijing 我花了一天的时间去参观北京 spend on sth 花费 在 I spent 3 years on English 16 not only but also 不但 而且 用来连接两个并列的成分 1 引导以 not only but also 开头的句子往往引起部分倒装 因此 Not only do I feel good but also 是倒装句 也是说得要 把前面的句子中的助动词或者是情态动词放在主语的前面 如 Not only can I do it but also I can do best 我不仅能做到而且做得最好 Not only but also 接两主语时 谓语动词随后面的主语人称和数的变 化 也就是就近原则 如 Not only Lily but also you like cat 不仅莉莉而且你也喜欢猫 7 Not only you but also Lily likes cat 不仅你而且莉莉喜欢猫 常见的就近原则的结构有 Neither nor 即不 也不 两者都不 Neither you nor I like him 我和你都 不喜欢他 Either or 不是 就是 两者中的一个 Either Lily or you are a student Not only but also There be 17 join 参加 指参加团体 组织 如 join the Party 入党 take part in 参加 指参加活动 如 take part in sports meeting 参加运动会 18 run out 与 run out of run out become used up 其主语往往为物 如时间 食物 金钱 油等 本 身就含有被动意义 His money soon ran out 他的钱很快就花光了 My patience has completely run out 我没有一点耐心了 Our time is running out 我们剩下的时间不多了 run out of 主语为人 表示主动含义 He is always running out of money before pay day 他总是在发工资的日子还没 有到就把钱花完了 两者在一定条件下可以互换 如 The petrol is running out 汽油快用完了 We are running out of petrol 我们快把汽油用完了 Our time is running out 我们剩下的时间不多了 We are running out of time 19 take after 在外貌 性格等方面 与 父母等 相像 be similar to 与 相像 take after 相像 look after 照顾 take care of 照顾 20 work out v adj 结局 结果为 The strategies that he came up with worked out fine 他提出的这个策略效果很好 算出 制订出 消耗完 精力等 He never seems to be worked out 他好像永远不会疲乏似的 He worked out a plan 他制订了一个计划 I have worked out our total expenses 我已经算出了我们总的费用 21 hang out 闲荡 闲逛 8 I like to hang out at mall with my friends 我喜欢和我的朋友一起去购物中心闲 荡 22 be able to do 能 会 be unable to do 不能 不会 23 thank you for doing 谢谢做某事 如 thank you for helping me 谢谢做帮助我 24 for sure 确实如此 毫无疑问 You don t have money That s for sure 你没有钱 这是毫无疑问的 25 fill with 使 充满 用 填充 She filled the bowl with water 她用水填满碗 26 like prep 像 27 help sb out 帮助 做事 解决难题 摆脱困境 I can t work out this math problem Please help me out 我不能算出这道数学问题 请你帮我解决 28 train n 火车 train v 训练 train sb to do 训练某人做某事 She trains her dog to fetch things 她训练她的狗去取东西 29 at once right away 立刻 马上 如 Do it at once 马上去做 I ll go there at once right away 我马上去那里 30 one day 有一天 指将来 过去 some day 有一天 指将来 如 One day I went to Beijing 有一天我去了北京 Some day I ll go to Beijing 有一天我将去北京 31 specially adv 特意地 专门地 特别地 special adj 特别的 32 donation n 捐赠物 donate v 捐赠 赠送 33 part of speech 词性 词类 34 disabled adj 肢体有残疾的 disable v 不能 35 hand out 分发 hand out bananas give out 分发 give out sth to sb 分 给某人 give up doing 放弃 give up smoking 放弃吸烟 give away 赠送 捐赠 give away sth to give away money to kids give sb sth 给某人某东西 give me money 给我钱 give sth to sb 给某人某东西 give money to me 给我线 36 volunteer 可数名词 志愿者 adj 自愿的 vi volunteer to do sth They are the Chinese People s Volunteers 他们是中国人民志愿军 I volunteer to help you 我自愿帮助你 37 no longer not any longer 指时间上不再延续 no more not any more 指动作上不再延续 二 短语二 短语 1 clean up 清扫 2 give out 分发 发放 3 cheer up make happier 使 高兴 使 振作 9 4 after school study program 课外学习班 e up with think up 提出 想出 6 put off 推迟 7 write down 写下 记下 8 put up 张贴 9 hand out 分发 发放 10 call up 打电话 11 ser up establish 建立 12 be home to sb 是某人的家园 13 volunteer one s time to do sth 自愿花时间干 14 put to use 把 投入使用 15 elementary school 小学 16 plan to do sth 计划干 打算干 17 coach a football team for kids 训练少年足球队 18 start a Chinese History club 开办一个中国史俱乐部 19 run out of 用完 耗尽 20 take after 在性格或长相方面与父母相象 21 fix up 修理 22 give away 捐赠 23 be similar to 与 相似 24 ask for 索要 25 a call in center for parents 家长热线 26 hang out 闲荡 27 put up signs asking for singing jobs 张贴寻求唱歌工作的广告 28 run out of money for singing lessons 学唱歌的钱用完了 29 disabled people 残疾人 30 for sure 确实如此 毫无疑问 31 fill with 用 填充 be full of 装满了 32 help out 帮助 做事 解决难题 摆脱困境 33 a specially trained dog 一只经过特殊训练的狗 34 train sb to do sth 训练某人干 35 fetch my book 把我的书拿来 36 part of speech 词性 三 句子三 句子 1 We can t put off making a plan Clean up Day is only two weeks from now 我们不能推迟制订计划 清洁日离现在只有两周了 2 She puts this love to good use by working in the after school care centre at her local elementary school 她在当地的一所小学的课后辅导中心工作 使这个爱 好得到较好的利用 3 Not only do I feel good about helping other people but I get to spend time doing what I love to do 帮助别人不但自己感到快乐 而且我开始花时间做自己喜 欢做的事了 4 The three students plan to set up a student volunteer project at heir school 这三 个学生计划在他们校开展一个学生志愿者项目 10 5 He also put up some sign asking for old bikes 他还贴了一些需求旧自行车的告 6 The strategies that he came up with worked out fine 几米想出的这个办法很效 7 He did a radio interview 他接受了电台的采访 8 We need to come up with a plan 我们需要指定一个计划 9 You could help clean up the city parks 你可以帮助打扫城市公园 10 He now has sixteen bikes to fix up and give away to children who don t have bikes 他现在有 16 辆要修理的自行车 并准备把这些修好的自行 车赠送给那些没有自行车的孩子 Unit 3 Could you please clean your room 一 重要词组及短语 1 could you please do sth 你能 吗 请你干 好吗 2 do the chores 做杂务 3 do the dishes 洗餐具 4 sweep the floor 清扫地板 5 take out the trash 倒垃圾 6 make one s bed 铺床 7 fold one s clothes 叠衣服 8 clean the living room 清扫客厅 9 stay out late 晚归 10 come over 过来 11 have a test 考试 12 get a ride 搭车 13 use one s computer 使用某人的电脑 14 hate sth hate to do sth hate doing sth 讨厌某事 做某事 like to do doing sth 15 do the laundry do some washing wash clothes 洗衣服 16 make breakfast make dinner do some cooking 做饭 17 wash the car 刷车 18 work on 从事 忙于 work at 学习 致力于 在 上下工夫 19 borrow some money 借一些钱 borrow sth from sb 向某人借某物 借入 lend sb sth lend sth to sb 借给某人某物 借出 You can borrow some money from your brother 你可以向你哥哥借些钱 11 Can you lend me your bike 你能借给我你的自行车吗 20 invite sb to do sth 邀请某人做某事 They invited me to join their club 他们邀请我参加俱乐部 invite sb to a place invite you to my party 21 go to the store 去商店 22 agree sb to do sth 同意某人做某事 agree with sb 同意某人的意见 disagree sb to do sth 不同意某人做某事 disagree with sb 不同意某人的意见 23 take care of look after 照顾 照看 照料 take good care of look after well 把 照管得好 26 take sb for a walk 带某人去散步 27 play with sb 和某人玩 28 forget to do sth 忘记去做某事 未做 forget doing sth 忘记做过某事 做过 1 do make 短语归类 do the dishes 洗餐具 do my homework 做我的家庭作业 do chores 做家务 处理琐事 do the laundry 洗衣 do the shopping 购物 do some reading 读书 make your bed 铺床 make breakfast 做早餐 make dinner 做晚饭 make tea 泡茶 沏茶 make a cup of coffee 冲一杯咖啡 2 关于 to 的短语总结 have to do sth 不得不 必须做某事 need to do sth 需要做某事 hate to do sth 讨厌做某事 like to do sth 喜欢做某事 want to do sth 想做某事 love to do sth 热爱做某事 forget to do sth 忘记做某事 start to do sth 开始做某事 begin to do sth 开始做某事 ask sb to do sth 请某人做某事 二 重点句型 1 Could you please clean your room Yes sure Sorry I can t I have to do my homework first 2 Could I please use the car Sure Certainly Of course No you can t I have to go out 在表示请求帮助或请求允许的疑问句中 常用 could 代替 can 以表示礼貌 12 委婉或不确定的语气 而 can 则不具备这些语气 这种情况下不能把 could 看作 can 的过去式 以上两句中用 could 是为了表示礼貌的请求 表示请求 帮助或请求允许时 除了 can could 之外 还可以用 may 句子的表达方式也 各有不同 可以用不同的方式来表示同一个概念 例 Could Can May I use your car for a day 作允答可以各种各样 如同意可以说 Yes 或 Sure 或 Certainly 还可说 Yes do please 或 Of course you may can 或 That s OK all right 如果不同意 可以说 I m sorry you can t 或 I m really sorry but I have to use it today 要避免说 No you can t 这样显得很不礼貌 否定回答通常用委婉语气 Unit4 Why don t you talk to your parents 一 重要词汇和句型 1 get 1 买 get sth for sb get sb sth 为某人买某物 Can you get some fruit for me when you go shopping Can you get me some fruit when you go shopping 2 得到 到达 Where did you get the book When did you get the letter He got home late last night 3 使 让 get 宾语 宾补 使某人 某物 怎么样 Please get you coat clean Get your mouth closed get sb to do sth 使某人 某物做某事 I got him to call Jim yesterday 4 逐渐 变得 The weather gets warmer and days get longer Why did the teacher get angry 2 how about what about 后跟名词 代词 动词 ing 形式 1 向对方提出建议或请求 How about going out for a walk How about something to eat 2 向对方征求意见或看法 How about the TV play How about buying the house now 3 询问天气或身体情况 How about the weather in Hainan Island How about your parents Are they living with you 4 谈话中承接上下文 I m forty years old How about you I m from Beijing How about you 3 receive 收到 The girl was happy to receive many gifts on her birthday receive a letter from get a letter from heard from 收到某人的信 I received a letter from my parents last Sunday I got a letter from my parents last Sunday I heard from my parents last Sunday 13 accept 接受 He couldn t accept our suggestions but our gifts She was very glad to receive the invitation He didn t receive a good education at university I received an invitation to the party but I refused to accept it 4 a 6 year old child 一个六岁的孩子 6 year old 是由 数词 名词 形容词 构成的复合形容词 作前置定语 修饰后面的名词 child 数词 名词 形容词 构成的复合形容词 中间的名词要用单数形式 a five year old girl 一个五岁的女孩 a six foot deep hole 一个六英尺深的洞 a two meter long ruler 一把两米长的尺子 a 100 meter race 一场百米赛跑 a ten story high building 一栋十层高的楼房 a two inch thick dictionary 一本两英寸厚的词典 5 too to 太 而不能 too 后跟形容词或副词原形 to 后跟动词原形 构成不定式 句子的主语与 动词不定的主语不一时 可以在动词不定式前加逻辑主语 for sb He is too young to join the army 军队 The maths problem is too difficult for me to work out 表示否定意义的 never not 和 too to 连用时表达肯定一样 One is never too old to learn too to 可以与 enough to 和 so that 转换 与 enough to 转换 时 enough 前的形容词 副词必须是 too 后面形容词 副词的反义词 并使用其否定句式 She is too young to do the work she isn t old enough to do the work 与 so that 转换时 that 后面的从句要用否定形式 Tom is too tired to walk any farther Tom is so tired that he can t walk any farther 6 cost 1 动词 花费 价值 多少钱 How much did it cost I didn t buy it because it cost too much The meal cost us about 100 yuan 2 名词 成本 费用 价钱 at all costs 不惜任何代价 at the cost of 以 为代价 Living costs are higher in cities than that in the country We must stop it at all costs After the earthquake the soldiers tried to reach the area at the cost of their lives 7 pay spend cost take 的区别 pay 花费 多少钱 主语是人 Sb pay some money for sth I paid 5000 yuan for the computer last week Spend 花费 多少钱或时间 主语是人 Sb spend some money on sth Sb spend some time in doing sth I spent 5000 yuan on the computer last week 14 She spent 2 hours in doing her homework cost 花费 多少钱 主语是物 Sth cost sb some money This jacket cost him 200 dollars take 花费 时间 It takes sb some time to do sth 花费某人多少时间做某事 How long does it take sb to do sth 花费某人多少时间做某事 It took Liu Hong 2 hours to do her homework It takes me 10 minutes to walk to school from home It will take them 6 months to build the building How long does it take him to plant the trees 8 sleep sleeping sleepy asleep fall asleep be asleep sleep 动词 睡觉 强调动作 I am very tired I want to sleep He slept for 12 hours yesterday sleeping Sleep 的现在分词 表示 正在睡觉 Don t make so much noise The baby is sleeping They woke up the sleeping girl and asked her where her parents were sleepy 想睡觉的 困倦的 I am a little sleepy I d like to go to bed asleep 睡着了的 The teacher found Tom asleep in class and kept him behind after school Would you min