浙江省杭州市萧山中学2019_2020学年高二英语上学期开学考试题（含解析）.docx

浙江省杭州市萧山中学2019-2020学年高二英语上学期开学考试题（含解析）第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分25分）第一节（共10个小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AIn 2012, Kim Stemple, a special-education teacher, found herself in a Boston hospital being treated for one of several diseases she had been diagnosed(诊断) with, including lupus and lymphoma. The normally confident Stemple was naturally getting very depressed. And then a friend gave her a medal.Before she got too sick to exercise, Stemple had been a marathon runner. The medal came from a racing partner who had just finished a half marathon in Las Vegas and hoped the souvenir would act as a kind of feeling pick-me-up. It worked like a charmand then some.After Stemple hung the medal near her hospital bed, other patients said they wanted medals too. That got Stemple thinking. “A medal is a simple way to give a positive message,” she told . And so was born her charity, We Finish Together, which collects medals from strangersrunners, dancers, swimmers, singers, and even spelling bee winners-and donates them to all sorts of people in need.Those who received the medals have included hospital patients, residents of homeless shelters, and veterans. Part of the process involves the donor writing a personalized note on the ribbon. “This gives them a connection to someone,” says Stemple. “If they receive a medal, they know someone cares.”Can a simple medal really make a difference? Yes, says Joan Musarra, who suffers from pulmonary fibrosis. “I opened my package containing my new medal and the notes of positive, warm thoughts, I was overwhelmed,” she wrote to Stemple. “At that moment, I was sitting on my couch breathing through life-support machine because my lungs have been worsening so badly. It means so much to me to feel that I am not alone.”1. Why did Kim Stemple start We Finish Together?A. To express a positive message to those in need.B. To share medals collected from different people.C. To show her sympathy to people in hospital.D. To strengthen the relationship between the winners.2. The underlined sentence in Paragraph 2 probably means that _.A. it was very effectiveB. it was very charmingC. it added to her beautyD. it attracted others immediately3. What does Kim Stemples story convey to the readers?A. Donating brings sunshine to both.B. Sportsmanship can inspire people with hope.C. People should help each other when in trouble.D. The simple act of kindness really makes a persons day.【答案】1. A 2. A 3. D【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了一位特殊教育教师Kim Stemple在住院期间，收到一位朋友的奖章，这让他非常振奋，并受到启发，创立了自己的慈善组织We Finish Together，这个组织通过给需要帮助的人发放奖章来鼓励他们。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“A medal is a simple way to give a positive message,” she told . And so was born her charity, We Finish Together可知，Kim Stemple认为奖牌是传递积极信息的简单方式，所以创立了We Finish Together。故选A项。【2题详解】词句猜测题。根据前文提到The medal came from a racing partner who had just finished a half marathon in Las Vegas and hoped the souvenir would act as a kind of feeling pick-me-up.可知，他希望这件纪念品能起到一种让“我”振作起来的作用，再根据第三段的描述可知，可以推测后文是“它起到了很好的效果”。故选A项。【3题详解】推理判断题。纵观全文特别是最后一段的Can a simple medal really make a difference？可知，全文围绕“奖章”进行叙述，主人公小小的善举温暖了许多人，故可以推出本文主要向读者传达简单的善举真的能使人欢度一天。故选D项。BChocolate could soon be a thing of the past, after scientists warned that the cacao plant, from which chocolate is made, could be extinct within 32 years.Over half of the worlds chocolate comes from just two countries in West AfricaCote dIvoire and Ghanawhere the temperature, rain, and humidity provide the perfect conditions for cacao to grow. But the threat of rising temperatures over the next three decades caused by climate change, is expected to result in a loss of water from the ground, which scientists say could upset this balance.According to the related data, a temperature rise of just 2.1 could spell an end for the chocolate industry worldwide by 2050. Farmers in the region are already considering moving cacao production areas thousands of feet uphill into mountainous areamuch of which is currently preserved for wildlife. But a move of this scale could destroy ecosystems that are already under threat from illegal farming and deforestation.Part of the problem, according to Doug Hawkins, is that cacao farming methods have not changed for hundreds of years. “Unlike other tree crops that have benefited from the development of modern, high yielding strains and crop management techniques to realize their genetic potential, more than 90% of the global cocoa crop is produced by small farms with unimproved planting material,” he said. “It means that we could be facing a chocolate decrease of 100,000 tons a year in the next few years.”Now scientists at the University of California at Berkeley have teamed up with American candy company Mars to keep chocolate on the menu. Using the controversial(有争议的) gene-editing technology known as CRISPR they are trying to develop a type of the cacao plant capable of surviving in dryer, warmer climates. If the teams work on the cacao plant is successful, it could remove the need for farmers in West Africa to relocate to higher ground, and perhaps even allow cacao to be grown elsewhere in the world.4. What do we know about chocolate from the text?A. Chocolate will disappear from the menu 30 years later.B. Chocolate is mainly produced by African countries.C. Chocolate will not be produced by 2050 because of climate change.D. A new type of chocolate will be produced with the help of CRISPR.5. What is the reason for the extinction of the cacao plant?A. The damaged ecosystem.B. Water shortage caused by climate change.C. The threat from illegal farming.D. The changeable farming method.6. What is the writers attitude to the application of CRISPR to planting cacao trees？A. Objective.B. Unconcerned.C. Supportive.D. Negative.【答案】4. B 5. B 6. C【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了可可树因为气候变化而面临灭绝的危险，现在科学家们正在努力研究新的可可树品种来适应变化的气候。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段中Over half of the worlds chocolate comes from just two countries in West AfricaCote dIvoire and Ghanawhere the temperature, rain, and humidity provide the perfect conditions for cacao to grow.可知，世界上一半以上的巧克力来自西非的科特迪瓦和加纳这两个国家，因此巧克力主要由非洲国家生产。故选B项。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第二段But the threat of rising temperatures over the next three decades caused by climate change, is expected to result in a loss of water from the ground, which scientists say could upset this balance.可知，未来30年，气候变化造成的气温上升将导致地面失水，可能破坏平衡。再根据第三段中According to the related data, a temperature rise of just 2.1 could spell an end for the chocolate industry worldwide by 2050.可知，可可树灭绝的原因是气候变化引起的缺水。故选B项。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一句If the teams work on the cacao plant is successful, it could remove the need for farmers in West Africa to relocate to higher ground, and perhaps even allow cacao to be grown elsewhere in the world.可知，如果研究小组在可可树工厂的工作取得成功，就可以消除西非农民搬迁到高地的需要，甚至可能允许可可树在世界其他地方种植。所以，作者的态度非常乐观，且对该项目抱有很大希望。故选C项。CA night at the movies is always a good idea. But when you leave the theater and realize you just dropped $45 on a ticket and some snacks, youll wish you had been patient enough to wait until the movie came out on Netflix. The average movie ticket price in the United States in 2000 was $5.39; now, a ticket is over $9.The main reason that movie tickets have gotten so expensive is because of inflation(通货膨胀). It was actually more expensive to go to the movies in the 70s than it is now. A ticket in 1978 cost $2.34. If you plug that into an inflation calculator, the same ticket would cost you $9.46 today. According to the National Association of Theater Owners, the average cost for a ticket today is $9.11.Another reason you need to dip into your life savings to see a movie on the big screen is that theaters are competing with streaming services that produce their own films, such as Netflix, Hulu, and Amazon. And lets be honest, sitting at home on your couch or in your bed is more comfortable than sitting in a cold theater.Because of streaming technology, movie theaters have to do something to bring in customers. Attractionsincluding alcohol, reclining seats(躺椅), surround sound, and 3-D movies are all examples of that. And those upgrades come at a price, leading to more expensive tickets.“Theres all that extra cost, and its really important for theater owners and companies to make that experience as enjoyable as possible,” Patrick Corcoran, vice president of the National Association of Theatre Owners told Marketplace. “Because youre offering a superb experienceaudience expectations are for the latest and greatest technology. Audiences are willing to pay more for a particular experience.”7. According to the passage, what makes movie tickets so expensive?A. The viewers are wealthier than before.B. The movie theatres offer popcorns, alcohol for free.C. Inflation has made the ticket price appear higher than before.D. The popular movies with famous stars deserve the high price.8. We can learn from the passage that _.A. Netflix is always a better choice for movie viewers than theatresB. comfortable seats ensure movie theatres a distinct advantage over streaming servicesC. the viewers actually pay for the updates of the movie theatres via more expensive ticketsD. the theater owners and companies update the theaters to win good fame9. Which of the following would Patrick Corcoran most probably agree with?A. Its unwise for viewers to pay so much to watch a movie in the theater.B. The high price of a movie ticket is supposed to be in line with a wonderful experience.C. Its a waste of money to provide the latest technology in the theatre.D. The viewers would prefer to sit at home on the couches or in the beds.10. What is the best title for the text?A. Behind the Increasing Price of Movie TicketsB. Technological Improvement on Movie TheatresC. The Competition between Movie Theatre and Streaming ServicesD. How to Save the Viewers Wallets【答案】7. C 8. C 9. B 10. A【解析】本文是一篇议论文。文章分析讲述了电影院高票价背后的原因。【7题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“The main reason that movie tickets have gotten so expensive is because of inflation(通货膨胀).”可知，电影票变得如此昂贵的主要原因是通货膨胀。故选C项。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段中的And those upgrades come at a price, leading to more expensive tickets.可知，而这些升级是有代价的，使电影票更贵。由此可知，观众实际上是通过购买更贵的电影票来支付电影院的更新升级费用。故选C项。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段Patrick Corcoran说的话可知，对于影院所有者和公司来说，使观众的体验尽可能愉快是很重要的。因为提供了极好的体验，而体验里也包含了观众对最新和最伟大的技术的期待。观众愿意为特别的体验花更多的钱。由此可知，Patrick Corcoran认为高票价应搭配一场美妙的体验。故选B项。【10题详解】主旨大意题。本文通篇讲述电影院服务与票价的关系，并分析了高票价背后的原因。A项“Behind the Increasing Price of Movie Tickets”（在电影票价上涨的背后）切合。故选A项。第二节 （共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项多余选项。A Few Universal Truths to Transform Your LifeLife is growth. If you are not reaching the kind of success, the following Universal Truths are just the ones that help to change your life for the better, regardless of where you are, where youve been, or what challenges you are facing. _11_The best way to achieve your desires is to set a goal. Sometimes we find ourselves “spinning our wheel”, struggling through a day-to-day routine that isnt getting us anywhere because we dont know where we want to go. _12_ Whatever the case is, figuring out what your goals are and whether your current actions are helping to achieve them is important._13_ Setting goals is important but isnt enough to drive you to the finishing line; its important, too, to be able to imagine yourself as the achiever of your goals. How will you feel? Why is it worthwhile to follow these goals and not some other ones? If goals are the final result of a journey, your vision(愿景) is the fuel to get you there._14_ Whether you regard yourself as a towering tree or a blade of grass, or whether you think you are a high mountain or a small stone, you represent a state of nature that has its own reason of existence. If you truly admire yourself, youll be courageous.There is no better time to begin than now. _15_ But the truth is that your time is now. No matter what dream or desire you have，you are likely not to have more time in your life to make it happen.A. Having a vision is undoubtedly necessary.B. Self-appreciation gets you to be positive to move you towards success.C. Try to understand and let it be the guide to your life as follows.D. Be sure that you are more powerful than you know.E. Read and allow them to change your life in beautiful ways.F. Sometimes we simply do what is expected of us without considering what we want to achieve.G. You can make a bunch of excuses that youll start when more experienced or richer.【答案】11. E 12. F 13. A 14. B 15. G【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章给出了一些能让你的生活变得更好的普遍真理。【11题详解】本段是第一段。前文阐述如果你没有达到某种成功，下面这些普遍的真理将会帮助你的生活变得更好，不管你在哪里，去过哪里，也不管你面临着什么样的挑战，再根据下文给出的几种真理可知，空格处起到承上启下的作用。E项“阅读这些普遍真理并让它们以美好的方式改变你的生活。”开启下文。故选E项。【12题详解】根据前文Sometimes we find ourselves “spinning our wheel”, struggling through a day-to-day routine that isnt getting us anywhere because we dont know where we want to go. （有时候，我们发现自己在“原地打转”，在日复一日的例行公事中苦苦挣扎却毫无进展，因为我们不知道自己想去哪里。）可知，前文与F项“有时候，我们只是做了别人对我们的期望，而没有考虑我们想要实现什么”既是并列关系又句式相同。故选F项。【13题详解】空格处为段落标题。根据后文Setting goals is important but isnt enough to drive you to the finishing line以及Why is it worth while to follow these goals and not some other ones?都表明了设定目标的重要性，故此段主要讲述设定目标的重要性。A项“有远见无疑是必要的。”符合本段内容。故选A项。【14题详解】空格处为段落标题。根据后文Whether you regard yourself as a towering tree or a blade of grass，or whether you think you are a high mountain or a small stone（无论你把自己看作是一棵参天大树还是一片青草，无论你认为自己是一座高山还是一块小石头）可知，此段主要分析对自己的看法。B项“自我欣赏能让你积极地走向成功”“Self-appreciation”便是定位词，与此段契合。故选B项。【15题详解】根据前文There is no better time to begin than now.（没有比现在更好的开始时间了。）可知，G项讲到“你可以找一堆借口，当你更有经验或更富有的时候，你就会开始。”承接上文，并与后文But the truth is that your time is now.（但事实是你的时间到了。）构成转折关系，故选G项。第三部分语言运用(共两小节,满分45分)第一节完型填空(共20题,每小题1.5分满分30分)阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,然后从短文各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项,并在答题纸上将该选项标号涂黑。Since I introduced animals into my child psychotherapy(心理治疗) practice, my life as a doctor has been full of wonders. One Friday aftermoon Diane, a dark-haired five-year-old, who had _16_ said a word to anyone outside her home environment, came to me for _17_ help.When Diane and her parents were _18_ in the waiting room, my dog, Puppy, and I walked out to _19_ them. I noticed immediately Diane sat with her head down, her eyes directed toward the floor in front of her, making no move to _20_.Puppy, walking ahead of me, made a beeline for Diane. Because Dianes head was _21_, Puppy was just three feet from her when the girl finally _22_ sight of him. Startled by the _23_ sight, the girls eyes became huge and then her mouth curved slowly into a smile. Puppy stopped _24_ in front of Diane and laid his head in her lap.I greeted Diane, but she didnt _25_. Instead, she began to silently pet Puppys head, running her _26_ softly over Puppys ears and nose. Obviously she was still _27_, but she was smiling and seemed to be enjoying her _28_ with Puppy.Then I gave Puppy a hand _29_ to go back into the inner office. As Puppy walked away, I watched Dianes face fall and her eyes take on a _30_ look. I said, “Oh, Im sorry. I didnt _31_ you wanted Puppy to stay. All you have to do for him to come back is say, Puppy，come.”After struggling inside Diane called in a soft _32_, “Puppy, come; please come.”As Dianes parents watched in tears, I gave Puppy another signal and he ran over to the girl who _33_ her chair and hugged Puppy tightly around the neck. Seeing this, I was _34_, for Diane had taken the first step in her journey toward being able to interact(互动) with the world outside her home and Puppy had_35_his magic again.16. A. hardlyB. regularlyC. alwaysD. sometimes17. A. immediateB. professionalC. greatD. financial18. A. treatedB. locatedC. restedD. seated19. A. supportB. greetC. trickD. admit20. A. pick upB. turn upC. look upD. hold up21. A. bowedB. protectedC. raisedD. buried22. A. caughtB. gainedC. lostD. ignored23. A. unforgettableB. unexpectedC. informalD. powerful24. A. secretlyB. successfullyC. confidentlyD. directly25. A. permitB. appreciateC. respondD. agree26. A. armsB. feetC. eyesD. hands27. A. energeticB. regretfulC. nervousD. doubtful28. A. interactionB. competitionC. conversationD. celebration29. A. rewardB. signalC. callD. comment30. A. curiousB. satisfiedC. confusedD. disappointed31. A. realizeB. understandC. wonderD. believe32. A. soundB. voiceC. accentD. dialect33. A. turned overB. took apartC. slid offD. focused on34. A. pleasedB. honoredC. amusedD. shocked35. A. deliveredB. workedC. finishedD. released【答案】16. A 17. B 18. D 19. B 20. C 21. A 22. A 23. B 24. D 25. C 26. D 27. C 28. A 29. B 30. D 31. A 32. B 33. C 34. A 35. B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者把动物引入儿童心理治疗实践后，治愈一个小女孩的故事。【16题详解】考查副词辨析。句意：她几乎没有对家里以外的任何人说一句话，她来找我寻求专业帮助。A. hardly很少；B. regularly经常；C. always总是；D. sometimes有时。由全文最后作者引导她说出话时父母的反应，推知她几乎没有和外界交流过。故选A项。【17题详解】考查形容词辨析。句意：她来找我寻求专业帮助。A. immediate直接的；B. professional专业的；C. great伟大的；D. financial金融的。根据首句Since I introduced animals into my child psychotherapy(心理治疗) practice可知，作者是一名专业人员。故选B项。18题详解】考查动词辨析。句意：当黛安娜和她的父母坐在候诊室里时，我和我的狗Puppy走出来迎接他们。A. treated治疗；B. located定位；C. rested休息；D. seated就座。根据常识可知，人们一般是坐在候诊室候诊。故选D项。【19题详解】考查动词辨析。句意：我和我的狗Puppy走出来迎接他们。A. support支持；B. greet打招呼；C. trick耍花招；D. admit承认。根据常识可知，人们第一次见面一般是打招呼。故选B项。【20题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：她一动不动地不想抬起头来。A. pick up接；B. turn up调大；C. look up仰望，抬头；D. hold up保持。前文提到小女孩低头坐着，她不想抬起头。故选C项。【21题详解】考查动词辨析。句意：因为黛安娜低着头。A. bowed鞠躬；B. protected保护；C. raised抬高；D. buried埋葬。根据上文中的Diane sat with her head down可知，此处指因为Diane低着头。故选A项。【22题详解】考查动词辨析。句意：这时女孩终于看