2012年中考英语一轮复习9B Unit1讲解牛津版

用心 爱心 专心1 UnitUnit 1 1 LifeLife onon Mars Mars 9B9B 一一 精挑细选短语精挑细选短语 1 care for 照顾 take care of look after 喜欢 like e g We ll be cared for by robots 2 at the moment at present right now 现在 此刻 目前 first of all 首先 p8 3 be difficult to imagine imagine vt 想像 imaginative 富有想像力的 imagination n 想像力 知识链接知识链接 常用 imagine that wh 从句 imagine doing sth imagine sb doing sth e g The house was just as she had imagined it Close your eyes and imagine that you are in a forest Can you imagine what it must be like to lose your job after 20 years She imagined walking into the office and handed in her recommendation letter I can just imagine him saying that 我确实能想到他那么说 4 by the year 2100 到 2100 年为止 by 到 为止 by the end of 到 末为止 5 become more and more crowded and polluted 变得越来越拥挤 污染越来越严重 知识链接知识链接 越来越 有两种表达方式 more and more 多音节形容词 副词的比较级 比较级 and 比较级 worse and worse colder and colder more and more useful 用法拓展用法拓展 more and more 名词复数或不可数名词 越来越多 more and more pollution 6 too slow to carry large numbers of people to Mars 太慢了无法运送大批的人去火 星 知识链接知识链接 too to 太 而不能 即 too 形容词或副词原级 to do sth a large great number of 名词复数 large numbers of 名词复数 大量的 相 似于 a lot of lots of 注意 a lot of lots of 名词复数或不可数名词 用法拓展用法拓展 the largest number of 最多的 e g Chinese is spoken by the largest number of people in the world 世界上说汉语的人最多 a number of 名词复数 许多 the number of 名词复数 的数量 a great deal of 不可数 名词 大量的 7 develop plants that can grow on Mars 培育可在火星上生长的植物 develop grow and improve 知识链接知识链接 develop vt 开发 发展 development n 发展 developed 发达的 developing 发展中的 more developed 较发达的 less developed 欠发达的 e g The child is developing normally 这孩子发育正常 China and India are 发展中的 countries while Japan and Korea are develop countries The USA is a more develop country 8 float away into space 飘移到太空里 float v 飘移 漂浮 知识链接知识链接 float down the river 顺水漂浮 Wood floats on water Clouds float in the sky 9 wear special boots to make themselves heavier 注意反身代词和形容词的使用 用心 爱心 专心2 10 a computer connected to an interplanetary network 与星际网络相连的电脑 p9 11 take exams 学生 参加考试 give exams 老师给学生的 考试 online schools 网上 学校 网校 12 be in the form of pills 以片剂的形式 be in the form of 以 形式 知识链接知识链接 The article was written in the form of a diary 这篇文章是以日记的形 式写成的 13 make people feel ill 让人感到难受 feel ill sick 感到难受 fall ill 病倒 14 a force that keeps us from floating in the air 一种防止我们飘浮在空中的力量 p10 知识链接知识链接 阻止 防止某人做某事 有以下三种表达 keep sb from doing sth stop sb from doing sth prevent sb from doing sth 15 take high quality images 拍摄高质量的图像 memory space 内存空间 fix to 把 固定在 上 fix the space sleeping bag to the wall to prevent floating walk on the surface of the planet 在行星表面上行走 can be stored for many months 能储藏数月 16 the most important 最重要的 the least important 最不重要的 p12 知识链接知识链接 the most 多音节形容词或副词原级 the least 多音节形容词或副词原级 more 多音节形容词或副词原级 less 多音节形容词或副词原级 17 in the solar system 在太阳系里 There re eight planets in the solar system p14 18 make this dream come true 使该梦想成为现实 come true 希望 梦想等 实现 成 为现实 知识链接知识链接 After years of hard work at last he won Nobel Physics Prize His dream came true 19 move away from Earth 离开地球 far away from Earth 远离地球 be far away from 远离某地 advantages disadvantages of living on Mars 生活在火星上的优 点 缺点 20 begin start with 以 开始 end with 以 结束 p17 知识链接知识链接 The party began with the wonderful dance and ended with the beautiful music 用法拓展用法拓展 A journey always starts with the first step 千里之行 始于足下 Knowledge starts with practice 知识来自于实践 21 do harm to sb do sb harm 伤害某人 be harmful to sb 对 有害 知识链接知识链接 This year s snowstorm did serious harm to China Smoking is harmful to your health 22 have robots do all the homework for us have sb do sth 让某人做某事 p17 23 appear red 看上去红色 appear 形容词 seem 形容词 显得 看来 似乎 用法拓展用法拓展 appear not to do sth seem not to do sth 好像 似乎 e g They appeared not to know what was happening She appeared to be in her late thirties It appears that 好像 似乎 e g It appears that there has been a mistake 用心 爱心 专心3 24 air pollution caused by traffic 交通引起的空气污染 keep them away with laser light 用激光灯把它们赶走 keep away 把 赶走 keep away from 让 远 离 p19 25 a guide to living on Mars 火星生活指南 the public transport system 公共交通 系统 p20 26 take off 飞机等 起飞 脱下 衣服等 p21 知识链接知识链接 The plane took off three hours late because of the bad weather It s too hot You d better take off your overcoat 二 二 百里挑一词汇百里挑一词汇 1 space 太空 不与冠词连用 in space 在太空中 into space 进入太空 float away into space 飘到太空里 China Space 中国航天 空间 地方 room e g It s so crowded that there is not enough space in the bus 空格 universe 宇宙 须与定冠词 the 连用 常用作 the universe 2 spacecraft n 宇宙飞船 复数 spacecraft 单复数同形 space shuttle 航天飞机 space shuttles 3 taste n 味道 vi 尝起来 tasty 可口的 美味的 e g The food tastes delicious It is tasty 4 normal adj 正常的 正规的 标准的 normally 正常地 e g the normal temperature of the human body 人体的正常体温 normal school 正规学校 act normally 表现正常 5 air tank 氧气瓶 digital camera 数码相机 dried food 压缩食品 space helmet 太 空头盔 notebook computer 笔记本电脑 power pack 能源包 space sleeping bag 太 空睡袋 三三 五星必背句型五星必背句型 1 Can I ask you a question 我可以问你一个问题吗 Can I 向别人提出请求 p6 2 How do you like What do you think of 你认为 怎么样 用来发表对某事的 看法 知识链接知识链接 How do you like the book about life on Mars 同义句转换 每空一词 do you the book about life on Mars 3 I thought you liked Mars 我原以为你喜欢火星 I thought 我原以为 I think 我认为 用法拓展用法拓展 类似的用法的动词有 believe suppose imagine 后面的从句如果有否定 意义 通常把否定词由从句前移至主句 常用 I don t didn t think 4 Daniel is thinking about what life will be like in the future p6 知识链接知识链接 think about 考略 思考 think of 想到 想起 think over 仔细考略 该句的结构为 主句 宾语从句 即 主语 动词 连接词 陈述句语序 既是主句 的宾语 又是宾语从句的连接词 必须是连接词 what who which Can you imagine what our city used to be years ago I m sorry I didn t catch what you said just now Can you say it again in the future 未来 in future from now on 从今 以后 5 Hopefully we can start again and build a better world on Mars p8 我们有望能够在火星上重新开始 建设一个更好的世界 hopeful hopeless hopefully 用心 爱心 专心4 知识链接知识链接 hopefully 表示 可以指望 置于句首 类似的副词有 luckily unluckily sadly 等 Hopefully they can finish the project before this weekend 他们有望在本周末前 完成此项目 6 However by the year 2100 the journey might take only a very short time in space shuttles that travel at half the speed of light might could 可能 或许 把握不大时用语 知识链接知识链接 at half the speed of light 以二分之一光速 at a speed of 以 的速 度 e g Sound travels at a speed of 340 metres per second 声音的传播速度是 340 米 秒 7 However nobody is sure if these plants can produce enough water 知识链接知识链接 sure 当然可以 单独使用作为对某一建议或询问的答语 表示非常确切的 肯定回答 e g Will you help me with my English Sure Sb be sure to do sth 表示说话人对某事的一种判断 e g He is sure to come 祈使句中 Be sure to do sth 表示说话人的一种要求 e g Be sure to call me when you get there be sure of about 确信 有把握 e g Don t be nervous I m sure of your success I m sure that 从句 即 I m sure that sb will do sth Sb is sure to do sth 表示对某事的一种判断 e g I m sure that you will bet what you want You are sure to get what you want be not sure if wh 从句 表示主语对某事的把握程度 We re still not sure whether they will come or not 8 Humans need food water and air to survive 人活着就需要食物 水和空气 知识链接知识链接 human adj 人的 e g human body brain 人体 人脑 human activity behaviour experience 人的活动 行为 经历 human geography 人文地理 Firemen formed a human chain to carry the children to safety 消防队员组成人链把 孩子们救到了安全的地方 n human s human being s 人 e g Dogs can hear much better than humans 9 Gravity may be a problem for the early settlers on Mars The gravity on Mars is only about three eighths of that on Earth settle v 定居 settlers 移民 对早期的火星移民来说 重力可能是个问题 火星上的重力大约只有地球上重力的 3 8 知识链接知识链接 three eighths 八分之三 英语中分数的表达法为 分子用基数词 分母用序数词 当分子大于 1 时 分母用序数词的复数 四分之几的表达为 one fourth one quarter1 4 two fourths two quarters2 4 three fourths three quarters 二分之一的表达为 one half 分数作主语时 谓语动词不是根据分数词的数来确定 而是以 of 后面的名词的数而定 e g Nearly three fourths of the world is covered with water that 代指前面的名词单数或不可数名词 e g Life on Mars may not be better than that on Earth those 代指前面的名词复数 e g In China the changes in 21st century are much greater than those in 20th century settler 移民 定居者 开 拓者 settle down 定居 10 These boots will probably become very fashionable and there will be 用心 爱心 专心5 various designs for settlers to choose from 这些靴子可能会很流行 而且会有各种 款式供移民挑选 知识链接知识链接 fashion n 时尚 fashionable adj 时髦的 流行的 become fashionable to choose from 是动词不定式短语作定语 修饰前面的 designs various 各种各样 的 11 Compared with life on Earth life on Mars will be better in many ways p9 知识链接知识链接 Compared with life on Earth 是过去分词短语作状语 compare 比较 常用 短语 compare A with B 比较 A 和 B e g We carefully compared the result of the first experiment with that of the second one 我们仔细地将第一次实验的结果与第二 次的做了比较 11 Many people believe that robots will do most of our work and that we will have more time for our hobbies 许多人相信机器人将做我们的大部分工作 我们就有更 多的时间做自己喜欢的事 12 The space shuttles travel fast but the journey to Mars may be very uncomfortable 知识链接知识链接 journey 意为从一地到另一地的旅行 e g go on a 6 000 mile journey 作行程 6000 英里的旅行 How long is your journey to work 你上班的路有多远 用法拓展用法拓展 trip 意为往返某地 尤指短途旅行 e g go on a trip to Disneyland 去迪士尼乐园游玩 travel 意为旅行 游历 e g space travel 太空旅行 She likes travel 她喜欢旅行 tour 意为观光旅游 e g a sightseeing tour 观光旅行 13 The population on Earth is still increasing quickly Move to Mars p10 知识链接知识链接 increase quickly 增长迅速 population n 人口 通常无复数形式 人口 的 多 用 big large 少 用 small 常用短语 句型为 the population of 的人口 What s the population of 某地的人口是多少 The population of A is bigger larger smaller than that of B A 地的人口比 B 地多 少 e g What was the population of China ten years ago The population of China is larger than that of any other country 中国的人口 比其他任何一个国家多 14 I am wondering if whether there will be many people willing to move to Mars p15 15 It take Mars about two Earth years to complete a circle around the sun One year on Mars is 687 Earth days 火星绕太阳运行一圈相当于地球两年的时间 火星上 的一年相当于地球上 687 天 16 Things from Earth are hard to find It s hard to find things from Earth p19 知识链接知识链接 Sth be 形容词 to do It be 形容词 to do sth 两句都用主动语态 e g English is easy to learn It is easy to learn English 17 A very popular form of entertainment is online games 网上游戏是一种非常流行 的娱乐形式 18 They make us feel like we are really inside the games 它们使我们感觉真的置 身于游戏中 用心 爱心 专心6 知识链接知识链接 feel like feel as if feel as though 主语是事物 给 感觉 感受到 e g It felt like It felt as though It felt as he had run a marathon 他 感到好像跑了一个马拉松似的 feel like sth want sth would like sth 想要某物 feel like doing sth want to do sth would like to sth 想做某事 e g We ll go for a walk if you feel like it We all feel like celebrating 四四 中考无敌语法中考无敌语法 can can could could may may mightmight 表示请求许可 宾语从句表示请求许可 宾语从句 can can could could may may mightmight 表示请求许可 意为表示请求许可 意为 可以可以 疑问句疑问句常用肯定回答常用肯定回答常用否定回答常用否定回答 Can I 非正式用法 Yes you can Yes please No you can t I m afraid not You d better not Could I 正式用法 Yes you can Yes please No you can t I m afraid not You d better not May I 正式用法且有礼貌 Yes you may can Yes please No you may not No you can t mustn t I m afraid not You d better not Might I 非常正规 很少使 用 Yes you may Yes please No you may not No you can t mustn t I m afraid not You d better not 宾语从句宾语从句 宾语从句在复合句中作主句的宾语 整个复合结构以主句开始 主句有主语和及物动词 需要宾语来完成句子的意思 宾语从句本身有主语 谓语动词和其他成份 含宾语从句的 复合句的基本结构为 主句 宾语从句 即 主语 及物动词 连接词 陈述句语序 宾语从句的连接词 宾语从句的连接词 that that if whether if whether wh wh 疑问词疑问词 thatthat 引导的宾语从句引导的宾语从句 在以 that 引导的宾语从句中 that 只起连接作用 在从句中不作任何成份 无实意 在口语或非正式文体中常省略 以下动词之后可接 that 引导的宾语从句 say think believe hope learn know hear mean remember be sure be certain never doubt confirm agree prove I hope that it ll be a fine day tomorrow We all know that Earth is more and more crowded if whetherif whether 引导的宾语从句引导的宾语从句 if w