考研模拟题(三)

考研模拟题 三 考研模拟题 三 Section I Use of English Directions Read the following text Choose the best word s for each numbered blank and mark A B C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1 10 points Many professions are associated with a particular stereotype The 1 image of a writer for instance is 2 a slightly easy looking person locked in an attic writing 3 furiously for days 4 Naturally he has his favorite pen and note paper or a beat up typewriter 5 which he could not produce a readable word Nowadays we know that such images 6 little resemblance to reality But are they 7 false In the case of at least one writer it would seem not Dame Muriel Spark who 8 80 in February in many ways resembles this stereotypical sitter She is certainly not crazy and she doesn t work in an attic But she is rather 9 about the tools of her 10 She 11 writing with a certain type of pen in a certain type of notebook which she buys from a certain 12 in Edinburgh called James Thin In fact so 13 is she that if someone uses one of her pens 14 she immediately throws it away And she claims she would have enormous difficulty writing in any notebook 15 those sold by James Thin This could soon be a problem as the shop no longer 16 them and Dame Muriel s 17 of 72 page spiral bound is nearly finished As well as her18about writing materials Muriel Spark 19 one other characteristic with the stereotypical writer her work is the most important thing in her life It has stopped her from marrying 20 her old friends and made her new ones and driven her from London to New York to Rome Today she lives in the Italian province of Tuscany with a friend 1 A historic B antique C senior D classic 2 A in B of C with D for 3 A away B off C on D down 4 A on finish B on final C on end D on stop 5 A except B without C beyond D on 6 A bear B stand C hold D keep 7 A extremely B thoroughly C likely D com pletely 8 A observed B entered C saw D turned 9 A particular B specific C peculiar D special 10 A business B trade C vocation D career 11 A persists in B insists on C keeps on D indulges in 12 A grocer B chemist C stationer D baker 13 A mysterious B conventional C superstitious D traditional 14 A by fortune B by accident C on purpose D by coincidence 15 A much as B rather than C such as D other than 16 A piles B stores C stocks D conceals 17 A supply B provision C supplement D addition 18 A devotion B preoccupation C worship D obsession 19 A shares B agrees C sides D possesses 20 A spent B cost C exhausted D tired Section II Reading Comprehension Part A Directions Read the following four texts Answer the questions below each text by choosing A B C or D Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1 40 points Text 1 For thousands of Canadians bad service is neither make believe nor amusing It is an aggra vating and worsening real life phenomenon that encompasses behavior ranging from indifference and rudeness to naked hostility and even physical violence Across the country better business bureaus report a lengthening litany of complaints about contractors car dealers and repair shops moving companies airlines and department stores There is almost an adversarial feeling between businesses and consumers Experts say there are several explanations for ill feeling in the marketplace One is that cus tomer service was an early and inevitable casualty when retailers responded to brutal competition by replacing employees with technology such as 1 800 numbers and voice mail Another factor is that business generally has begun placing more emphasis on getting customers than on keeping them Still another is that strident frustrated and impatient shoppers vex shop owners and make them even less hospitable especially a busier times of the year like Christmas On both sides simple courtesy has gone by the board And for a multitude of consumers service went with it The Better Business Bureau at Vancouver gets 250 complaints a week twice as many as five years ago The bureau then had one complaints counselor and now has four People complain about being insulted having their intelligence and integrity questioned and being threatened One will hear about people being hauled almost bodily out the door by somebody saying things like I don t have to serve you or this is private property get out and don t come back What can customers do If the bureau s arbitration process fails to settle a dispute a customer s only re course is to sue in call claims court But because of the costs and time it takes relatively few ever do There is a lot of support for the notion that service has in part fallen victim to generational change Many young people regard retailing as just a bead end job that you re just going to do temporarily on your way to a real job Young clerks often lack both knowledge and civility Employers have to train young people in simple manners because that is not being done at home Salespeople today especially the younger ones have grown up in a television computer society where they ve interacted largely with machines One of the biggest complaints from businesses about graduates is the lack of inter personal skills What customers really want is access They want to get through when they call they don t want busy signals they don t want interactive systems telling them to posh one for this and two for that they don t want voice mail And if customers do not get what they want they defect Some people go back to local small businesses the Asian greengrocer a Greek baker and a Greek fishmonger They don t wear nametags but one gets to know them all by name 21 At a business place of bad service the worst one can get is A indifference and rudeness B naked hostility and physical violence C having intelligence and integrity questioned D being insulted and threatened 22 One of the reasons for such ill feeling in the marketplace is that A shoppers are usually strident frustrated and impatient B shoppers often take businesses to court to settle them C businesses use new technology instead of employees D businesses are keen on keeping customers not getting them 23 What has changed at Vancouver Better Service Bureau in the past five years A More effective B Less bureaucracy C More business D Better staff 24 Young clerks often lack interpersonal skills chiefly because they A are skilled in dealing with machines not people B are not trained in simple manners at home C fall victims to generational change D take retailing to be a temporary job 25 The author s attitude towards businesses and bad service is them A attacking B understanding C regretting D warning Text 2 The United States is the United Nations biggest deadbeat Conservatives in Congress led by Senator Jessie Helms stopped Washington from paying its dues until the UN reduced its as sessment and made other changes Now thanks to the hard work Richard Holbrook America s UN representative and for peacekeeping Mr Helms who has praised the deal should release the dues he has been holding hostage 582 million of the 1 3 billion the UN says it is owed The new formula would reduce the US contribution to the general UN budget to 22 percent from the current level of 25 percent a symbolic difference of only 34 million a year Washing ton which has been paying just over 30 percent of the peacekeeping budget would now pay 27 percent a difference of 80 million to 120 million a year and that percentage will drop fur ther While poor countries would not pay more the dues of other wealthy nations would rise un der the new system The agreement would probably not have been reached without the intervention of the media magnate Ted Turner who is already contributing 1 billion to UN programs over 10 years Mr Turner gave 34 million to cover the one year gap during which other nations prepare to raise their contributions His offer should embarrass Congress which forced diplomats to waste their influence at the UN in months of negotiations to save a sum that is modest by federal budget stan dards US debts reduced the UN s ability to reimburse nations that contributed peacekeepers to UN missions worldwide Pakistan Bangladesh Jordan and other poor countries essentially made up for the absence of US financial support Since Washington benefits from peacekeepers which damp down conflicts without US troops It should not be discouraging nations from sending them Washington s natural allies at the UN were concerned that the US wanted influence without meeting its treaty obligations Some of them withheld support for US proposals Mr Helms should also end his hold on an additional 244 million in back dues whose release he has conditioned on a reduction in US dues for specialized UN agencies such as UNICEF and the UN refugee organization These agencies need full support Switch by Mr Helms would help the in coming Bush administration which would reap the benefits of the restoration of America s full in fluence at the United Nations 26 Senator Jessie Helms stopped the US government from paying its dues to the UN because he wants A other countries to pay as much as the US B Washington to make assessments and changes C the UN s general budget to be trimmed D the US to share a smaller part of the burden 27 The new formula has adjusted the assessment and will save the US government at least a year A 114 million B 154 million C 200 million D 234 million 28 After the budget reassessment the gap left by the US will be covered by A Ted Turner B peacekeeping countries C all member nations D other wealthy nations 29 The author believes that Richard Holbrook s negotiations at the UN were A A money saving success B An eye catching embarrassment C A waste of US influence D A defense of US interest 30 From the passage we can infer that A The US contribution to the UN has become a huge burden to Washington B The new formula has not solved all problems concerning the US dues C The dispute over the US dues has been deliberately made political D Ted turner s intervention saved the US a diplomatic disaster Text 3 With its cluster of high rises known as the Frankfurter Manhattan its big banks and its bustling airport this is a town with pretensions Petra Roth the mayor sees it as a global city providing hub functions for the Continent a place that should be as cosmopolitan as New York Frankfurt is not just the city of foreign companies but it is also home to 8000 Muslims most of them Turks of modest means Foreigners including a large contingent from the former Yugoslavia make up 30 percent of the population one of the highest ratios for any city in Europe troubled by immigration But there is no blood on the streets Quietly flows the Main River be neath that mock New World skyline As Germany goes these days so goes Europe And if Frankfurt the headquarters for Europe s new Central Bank and so the capital of Europe s nascent shared currency the euro is comfortable being a part Muslim city with 27 mosques perhaps the so called New Europe of one money and blurred borders can be a more tolerant place Xenophobia is very unusual in Frankfurt SAID Francesco Renaldo an Italian banker Perhaps it s the 300 foreign banks or the vast airport or the long American presence Not until 1994 did 30 000 American troops pack up and go home the Cold War ended and so people here say the city shaped in the soldiers open can do spirit But even here at the heart of American influenced Europe far from the strained psyche of a former East German city like Esau where rightists this year killed an African immigrant the ghost of xenophobia is not entirely absent For Frankfurt like Germany like Europe is strug gling to define a shifting identity As the departed US soldiers suggest this city is no longer part of a Cold War country living what Safer Seneca a German intellectual of Turkish descent has called a quasi a national exis tence under the umbrella of the West Far from it this is now the financial center of a strong Germany seeking to define and express a new national pride But Frankfurt is also the capital of a unique experiment in abolishing the nation state through the voluntary abandonment of sovereignty involved in giving up national control of monetary poli cy and adopting a common currency So the Continent s largest state on reborn only in 1990 yet also one that is being abolished veers this way and that in its mood one minute nostalgic for a proud Fatherland the next in the vanguard of what Foreign Minister Joshua Fischer himself a child of Frankfurt calls a post national era 31 Frankfurt is referred to as aglobal citylike New York because of A the foreign banks and businesses B the number of foreigners in the city C the 80 000 Muslims and mosques D the refugees from former Yugoslavia 32 Quietly flows the Main River beneath that mock New World skyline probably means that A The new central bank had a large inflow of funds B The city life goes on quietly without racial conflicts C The population moves quietly in the street of the city D The foreigners come to the city like a flow of river 33 The word xenophobia probably means A fear of war B psychological nervousness C hatred of foreigners D open can do spirit 34 With the end of the Cold War Germany is expected to A remain under the umbrella of the U S B assume a new national pride C become the financial center of Europe D have surges of rightist killings 35 The unique experiment of European Union requires Germany to A enter a post national era B return to the old proud Fatherland C abandon sovereignty and government D seek a shifting identity Text 4 For many years and discussion of reparations to compensate the descendants of African slaves for 246 years of bondage and another century of legalized discrimination was dismissed Opponents contend that the fledgling reparations movement overlooks many important facts First the assert reparations usually are paid to direct victims as was the case when the US gov ernment apologized and paid compensation to Japanese Americans interned during the World War II Similarly Holocaust 大屠杀 survivors have received payments from the Germans In addition not all blacks were slaves and an estimated 3 000 were slave owners Also many immigrants not only came to the United States after slavery ended but they also faced discrimination Should they pay reparations too Or should they receive them And regardless of how much slave labor contributed to the United States wealth opponents contend blacks benefit from that wealth today As a group Afro Americans are the best educat ed wealthiest blacks on the planet But that attitude is slowly changing At least 10 cities including Chicago Detroit and Washington have passed resolutions in the past two years urging federal hearings into the impact of slavery Mainstream civil rights groups such as National Association for the Advancement of Colored People the National Urban League and the Southern Christian Leadership Conference regularly raise the issue The surging interest in reparable heightened sensitivity to the horrors of slavery in which as many as 6 million Africans perished in the journey to the Americas alone There also is growing attention being paid to the huge economic bounty that slavery created for private companies and the country as a whole Earliest this year Aetna Inc apologized for selling insurance policies that compensated slave owners for financial losses when their slaves died Last summer the Hartford Courant in Connecticut printed a front page apology for the profits it made from running ads for the sale of slaves and the capture of runaways Next month a new California law will require insurance companies to disclose any slave insurance policies they may have issued The state also is requiring University of California officials to assemble a team of scholars to research the history of slavery and report how current California businesses benefited Proponents of reparations argue that even for nearly a century after emancipation in 1865 blacks legally were still excluded from the opportunities that became the cornerstones for the white middle class 36 The reasons put forward by opponents of reparations include all the following EXCEPT that A compensations usually go to direct victims B blacks who came after slavery ended should not receive compensations C blacks now are enjoying the wealth they created under slavery D some blacks were slave owners instead of slaves 37 Immigrants in paragraph 3 refers to A Afro Americans B non white immigrants C Japanese Americans D holocaust survivors 38 That the reparations movement is winning support in America is shown in the fact that A federal hearings were held to investigate the impact of slavery B even mainstream civil rights groups were persuaded C growing attention is being paid to the wealth of the blacks D there was more public awareness of the horrors of the whites 39 The two private companies that made public apology had A given slave owners financial losses B sold slaves and captured runaways C operated insurance and advertisement businesses D depended on slavery for their existence 40 Which of the following is true according the passage A US government killed Japanese Americans during World War II B A new Californian law disclosed slave insurance policies C National Urban League is one of the civil right groups D Blacks faced no discrimination after liberation in 1865 PART B Directions In the following article some sentences have been removed For Questions 41 45 choose the most suitable one from the list A G to fit into each of the numbered blank There are two extra choices which do not fit in any of the gaps Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1 Gene therapy could be given in advance to protect high risk patients from the consequences of suffering a stroke or heart attack suggests a new study A team of researchers at Brigham and Women s Hospital in Boston US and Queen s University in Ontario Canada have shown that animals equipped with an extra gene can survive simulated heart attacks virtually undamaged 41 Strokes and heart a