高中英语第五单元语法：名词性从句人教版知识精讲

用心 爱心 专心 高二英语第五单元语法 名词性从句人教版知识精讲高二英语第五单元语法 名词性从句人教版知识精讲 本讲教育信息本讲教育信息 一 教学内容 第五单元语法 名词性从句 1 名词性从句 2 同位语从句 3 同位语从句与定语从句的辨析 4 what whatever whoever where 引导的名词性从句 5 it 作为形式主语的句型 二 知识总结与归纳 一 名词性从句的结构 名词性从句起名词作用在句中做主语 表语 宾语和同位语构 成 主语从句 表语从句 宾语从句和同位语从句 引导名词性从句的连词有三类 that whether wh 疑问词 例句 1 The result of this French influence was that the English language ended up with many French words such as table animal and age 2 They realize that it is of great value to record and teach them to the younger generation 3 I want to tell the reader that these hills and fields are most beautiful with many small and clear rivers and rich fields bearing fruit and grain 4 Some people feel that Wales is an ancient fairy land 5 What interested him was that the whole world had been mapped 70 years before Columbus 6 What is certain that the book has made many people think about the achievements of Zheng He and other Chinese captains and their role in discovering the world 7 That most of these are now threatened and may disappear is a serious matter to the people in Britain 8 This gave him the idea that the Chinese perhaps first discovered America 二 同位语从句在名词 idea fact news thought suggestion advice problem proof 等词后 面带上 that 陈述句 这部分从句解释了前面的那些名词所指的内容 与那些名词起着同等 作用的句子成分 叫同位语从句 1 The fact that Great Britain is made up of three countries is still unknown to many 2 The idea that England stands for Fish which who when where why 引导 先行词在从句中充当主语 宾语 状语 1 The news that the plane would take off on time made everyone happy 2 The news that is spreading around the airport is that a heavy storm is coming 四 what whatever whoever where 引导的名词性从句 what 陈述句 的话 事 的样 子 whatever 陈述句 的任何东西 whoever 陈述句 做 事的任何人 以上名词 性从句做主语 表语或宾语 where 陈述句 的所在 做表语 1 What life will be like in the future is difficult to predict 2 The schools of the future will probably be quite different from what they are today 3 If we learn to accept change and appreciate what is new and different we will be well prepared for whatever the future may have in store 4 Whoever comes will be welcome 5 That is just where they are mistaken 五 与 命令 建议 要求 有必要 重要 有关的名词性从句中的谓语动词结构 1 主 动结构 should do 2 被动结构 should be done should 可以省略 1 I suggest that he should come another day 2 The suggestion that the students should learn something practical is worth considering 3 I though it necessary that I should stay in the room till he came back 六 it 作为形式主语的句型 It is 形容词 名词 名词短语 that 从句 It is said reported predicted that 从句 It is suggested believed thought hoped found that 从句 1 It s a pity that you are leaving 2 It s decided that the meeting has been put off till next Monday 3 It was once predicted that British and American English would become separate languages finally 典型例题典型例题 1 The doctor did a lot to reduce the patient s fear he would die of the disease A that B which C of which D of that 答案 答案 A 分析 分析 he would die of the disease 作 fear 的同位语 2 The idea we should have more industry in this area is a good one A that B which C what D how 答案 答案 A 分析 分析 该题考查的是 idea 后面的同位语从句的引导词的选择 3 The suggestion we have a group of these records printed as soon as possible was accepted by the committee A which B in which C that D whether 答案 答案 C 分析 分析 该题考查的是 suggestion 的同位语从句的引导词的选择 用心 爱心 专心 4 He told me the news the Queen would visit China the next month A that B which C it D whether 答案 答案 A 分析 分析 the Queen would visit China the next month 是一个完整的句子 是 the news 的解 释 故用 that 引导同位语从句 5 The fact troubles me much I have been unable to pass the driving test up to now A which B because C why D that 答案 答案 D 分析 分析 that 引导同位语从句 解释 the fact 6 The mother didn t know to blame for the broken glass as it happened while she was out NMF T 2002 A who B when C how D what 答案 答案 A 分析 分析 know 后为宾语从句的省略形式 由题意可知 指人 7 I think it s going to be a big problem Yes it could be I wonder we can do about it NMET 2002 A if B how C what D that 答案 答案 C 分析 分析 we can do 后无宾语 故用 what 引导宾语从句 8 When you answer questions in a job interview please remember the golden rule Always give the monkey exactly he wants 上海 2002 春 A what B which C when D that 答案 答案 A 分析 分析 give 后接双宾语 what 引导宾语从句且作 wants 的宾语 9 Jack said to meet the American friends A he is pleased B what he was pleased C that he was pleased D which he pleased 答案 答案 C 分析 分析 宾语从句中应用过去时 同 said 时态保持一致 He was pleased 意义和结构完整 10 she couldn t understand was fewer and fewer students showed interest in her lessons A What why B That what C What because D Why that 答案 答案 A 分析 分析 主语从句中缺少宾语 用 what 表语从句的句意问原因 用 why 模拟试题模拟试题 答题时间 60 分钟 一 单项选择 1 He often writes to us expressing his thought one day he ll come to join us A which B that C what D whether 2 He made a suggestion the English test be put off until next Wednesday A which B what C that D whether 用心 爱心 专心 3 The news the football team won the game made us happy A that B which C in which D what 4 The mere fact most people believe nuclear war would be madness does not mean that it will not occur A what B which C that D why 5 Do you really believe there is human race in outer space So far there is no proof people from other planets do exist A which B how C what D that 6 I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week Is that you has a few days off A why B when C what D where 7 has helped to save the drowning girl is worth praising A Who B The one C Anyone D Whoever 8 caused the accident is still a complete mystery A What B That C How D Where 二 完型填空 As Christmas is coming there are presents to be bought cards to be sent and rooms to be cleaned Parents are 1 with difficult jobs of hiding presents from curious young children If the gifts are large this is sometimes a real 2 On Christmas Eve young children find the excitement almost unbearable They are torn between the wish to go to bed early so that Father Christmas will bring their presents quickly and the wish 3 up late so that they will not 4 the fun The wish for the gifts usually proves stronger But though children go to bed early they often lie 5 for a long time hoping to get a short 6 at Father Christmas Last Christmas my wife and I 7 hid a few large presents in the storeroom I 8 the moment when my son Jimmy would 9 me where that new bike had come from but 10 he did not see it On Christmas Eve 11 took the children hours to go to sleep It must have been nearly 12 when my wife and I went quietly into their room and began 13 stockings Then I pushed in the 14 I bought for Jimmy and left it beside the Christmas tree We knew we would not get much sleep that night for the children were 15 to get up early At about five o clock the next morning we were 16 by loud sounds coming from the children s room they were shouting excitedly 17 I had time to go out of bed young Jimmy came riding in the room on his new bike and his sister Mary followed close behind pushing her new baby carriage 18 the baby arrived He moved 19 the hands and knees into the room dragging a large balloon behind him Suddenly it burst That woke us up 20 The day had really begun with a bang 1 A facedB metC filledD pleased 2 A questionB matterC problemD business 3 A getB stayC standD wake 4 A loseB breakC missD leave 5 A awakeB wakeC asleepD sleep 6 A lookB stareC glareD watch 7 A hopefullyB busilyC gladlyD successfully 8 A likedB fearedC surprisedD hated 用心 爱心 专心 9 A answerB tellC askD search 10 A sadlyB unluckilyC possiblyD fortunately 11 A itB theyC ID we 12 A morningB midnightC eveningD daybreak 13 A fillingB sewingC mendingD preparing 14 A presentB stockingC bikeD tree 15 A going B sureC gladD excited 16 A troubledB frightenedC wokenD shocked 17 A BeforeB AfterC UntilD Since 18 A EvenB AndC SoonD Then 19 A withB onC overD by 20 A allB nearlyC happilyD completely 三 阅读理解 Coketown was a town of red brick or of brick that would have been red if the smoke and ashes had allowed it but in fact it was a town of unnatural red and black like the painted face of savage 野人 It was a town of machinery and tall chimney out of which smoke trailed themselves for ever and ever It had a black canal in it and a river that ran purple with ill smelling color and large piles of building full of windows where there was a rattling and a trembling all day long and where the steam engine worked up and down like the head of an elephant in a state of madness The town contained several large streets all very like one another and many small streets still more like one another inhabited 居住 by people equally like one another A sunny midsummer day There was such a thing sometimes even in Coketown Seen from a distance in such a weather Coketown lay covered in a smoke of its own You only knew the town was there because you knew there could have been no such a place upon the view without a town The streets were hot and dusty on the summer day and the sun was so bright that it even shone through the smoke over Coketown and could not be looked at steadily Workers appeared from low underground doorways into factory yards and sat on steps wiping their face sand looking at coals The whole town seemed to be frying in oil There was a smell of hot oil everywhere The atmosphere of those places was like the breath of hell 地狱 and their inhabitants wasting with heat walked lazily in the desert But no temperature made the mad elephants more mad or more sane 理智的 Their tiresome heads went up and down at the sane rate in hot weather and in cold wet weather and dry The measured movement of their shadows of wood while for the summer noise of insects it could offer all the year round from the dawn of Monday to the night of Saturday 1 Which of the following words is NOT properly used to describe Coketown A unpleasantB dirtyC noisyD deserted 2 From the passage we know that Coketown was mainly a n town A industrialB agriculturalC historicalD cultural 3 Only were not affected by weather A the workmenB the habitantsC the steam engineD the woods 4 Which is the author s opinion of Coketown A Coketown should be replaced by woods B The town had too much oil in it 用心 爱心 专心 C The town was seriously polluted D The town s atmosphere was unchanged 用心 爱心 专心 试题答案试题答案 一 单项选择 1 B that 引导同位语从句作 thought 的同位语 2 C that 引导同位语从句作 suggestion 的同位语 3 A that 引导同位语从句作 news 的同位语 4 C that 引导同位语从句 解释 the fact 5 D that 引导同位语从句 解释 no proof 6 A why 引导的表语从句 表原因 7 D whoever 引导主语从句 意为 无论谁 表示强调某人 who 引导主语从句 意为 谁 不强调人 The one 和 Anyone 不能引导主语从句 8 A 主语从句中缺少主语 用 what 二 完型填空 1 A be faced with 面临藏礼物的难题 2 C problem 指难以处理的事 3 B 4 C 根据句子意思 他们面临着二难选择 要么早睡以尽快得到圣诞老人的礼物 要 么熬夜以致于不错过