红外遥控步进电机系统设计与实现

无无 锡锡 职职 业业 技技 术术 学学 院院 毕毕 业业 设设 计计 说说 明明 书书 英英 文文 翻翻 译译 2 原文原文 InfraredInfrared remoteremote controlcontrol steppingstepping motormotor systemsystem designdesign andand implementationimplementation 0 0 introductionintroduction Stepping motor will signal into electrical impulses for angular displacement or line open loop control elements of displacement In the overload situation motor speed the stop position should take the pulse technology in the frequency of the signal and pulse count and do not suffer the change of load effects which add to the motor a pulse signal motor is turned a corner step distance So it made in speed position control field with stepping motor control became very simple and user application more convenient and master With the rapid development of information technology and wireless communications technology is to every field penetration especially infrared communication whether from the miniaturization light quantify or from the safety of consideration its feasibility is higher This paper makes a study of the stepping motor in the manual automatic control mode by increasing the infrared remote control model in order to realize the stepping motor of multi function control 1 1 thethe stepstep motormotor controlcontrol systemssystems In order to realize the stepping motor of the manual automatic and remote control and multi function operating mode design of a stepping motor control system the system of a figure System SCT89C52 choose single chip microcomputer as the controller to 4 4 lose into the keyboard and button as manual input circuit choose DS1302 as the clock circuit it LCD1602 as the output show circuit the choice HS0038 for infrared receiving circuit the PCF8591 as A D conversion devices sensors chose photosensitive components Choose ULN2003 stepping drive to model for 28 BYJ48 type stepping motor driver Manual input circuit is mainly used to realize the parameter setting so that in manual mode control motor is reverse The clock control circuit provides information on the clock on the other hand realize the step motor time start up and stop Sensor and A D conversion according to external detection signal circuit and realize the automatic state under different requirements step motor running Infrared sending and receiving circuit to send and receive information control infrared remote control to send the information and to the single chip microcomputer controller decoding thus a controlled command Display circuit of the system in the process of 无无 锡锡 职职 业业 技技 术术 学学 院院 毕毕 业业 设设 计计 说说 明明 书书 英英 文文 翻翻 译译 3 operation status information and working mode display Single chip microcomputer controller is the core of the system components and the completion of the input signal collection operations Judge and process and sent out the control command or output corresponding display information Motor driving circuit control command from the receiving controller to drive stepping motor to realize days or reverse Graph one system of the diagram 2 2 thethe hardwarehardware circuitcircuit designdesign 2 1 infrared receiver and send a circuit HS0038 integrated infrared receiver when the output static high level output when receiving to infrared signal according to the data output signal waveform negative pulse data signals Infrared receiving circuit output by P3 2 mouth of single chip using the mouth of the second function INT0 once a infrared signal arrival the P3 2 is pulled low microcontroller to interrupt receiving infrared signal processing Its the wiring diagram shown in figure 2 which meet P3 2 port IRIN Infrared send circuit can choose AngDa player remote controls also can use the TV remote control Because the system is simple the paper AngDa player of the remote control 2 2 and stepper motor stepping drive 1 the stepping motor 28 BYJ48 type stepping motor is four phase eight racket the voltage of DC5 V DC12 V Four phase step motor can be on different electricity mode common switching modes have single single winding electricity 4 beats A B C D A double duplex winding electricity 4 beats AB BC CD DA AB and eight clap A AB B BC C CD D DA A 3 kinds VOC IRIN R sensor A D converterManual inputInfrared receiving Microcomputer controllerShow circuitClock circuit Stepping drive Stepping motor 1 2 3 无无 锡锡 职职 业业 技技 术术 学学 院院 毕毕 业业 设设 计计 说说 明明 书书 英英 文文 翻翻 译译 4 C4 HS0038 Rg Figure 2 infrared hookup 2 stepping drive the ULN2003 drive is a single chip microcomputer high voltage high current of transistor arrays of lyndon integrated circuit by 7 to NPN of lyndon tube with high voltage of output characteristic ULN2003 is large current drivers array more for single chip microcomputer intelligent instruments PLC digital output control circuit of the card etc can be directly drive relays for load 5 VTTL level input output up to 500 mA 50 V 3 motor driver circuit 28 BYJ48 type stepping motor is four phase five line slow step motor the deceleration than for all four step Angle for 5 625 64 If one round it is required to use 360 5 625 64 4096 a pulse signal The ULN2003 driven drive port for P1 0 A B P1 1 P1 2 C P1 3 D Are turning the order BC group AB group CD group DA group Reverse the order AB group AD group CD group CB group Stepping motor connecting diagram as shown in figure 3 C1 VOC R10 MOT1 1 IN1 16 MOT2 2 15 MOT3 3 14 MOT4 4 13 5 12 6 11 VCC 7 10 8 9 VOC Stepping motor connecting diagram 3 3 infraredinfrared receiverreceiver andand decodingdecoding System software program including the main mainly infrared interrupt procedure A D conversion subroutines display A subroutine clock control procedure and stepping motor program Below mainly introduces the design of the infrared decoding program 360 毕业设计网 IN1 IN2 IN3 IN4 IN5 IN6 IN7 GND 1 2 3 4 5 无无 锡锡 职职 业业 技技 术术 学学 院院 毕毕 业业 设设 计计 说说 明明 书书 英英 文文 翻翻 译译 5 The remote control of the remote control code is produced for the 32 bit binary code former 16 for user identification number can distinguish different electric equipment prevent the various types of remote control code mutual interference The chip identification number fixed high eight address for 0 BFH low eight address for 40 H After 16 for eight operation codes and its FanMa The remote control keys pressed by the same kind of periodic when the 32 bit binary code data formats including guide code users code data code data FanMa code of 32 in total The known 8 bits of data code and 8 bits of data FanMa width and constant for 27 ms so have to 32 the width of the code for 18 ms 27 ms 36 ms 27 ms The key is how to identify the decoding 0 and 1 the code format to accept the code shall prevail accept a code and launch code reverse From the definition of a we can find 0 and 1 all of ms 0 56 from low level beginning just the high level of the width is different so must according to the width of the high level difference 0 and 1 If ms began to delay from 0 56 0 56 ms if read for the low level which shows that this is a 0 and it is 1 For reliable on the safe side delay must be more than 0 5 ms long points but no more than 1 12 ms generally take 1 12 ms 0 56 ms 2 0 84 ms most reliable Figure 4 gives the infrared receive interrupt receiving flow chart N Y 4 4 lastlast wordword Infrared interrupt Receiving and decoding Format right Recognition and the actual key comparison and implement corresponding action Interrupt to return to 无无 锡锡 职职 业业 技技 术术 学学 院院 毕毕 业业 设设 计计 说说 明明 书书 英英 文文 翻翻 译译 6 The actual operation shows that the stepping motor as executive components to SCT89C52 single chip microcomputer as the controller to manually enter button as manual input signal to infrared remote control device in the remote operation and with the clock control and state display stepping motor control system can easily achieve the step motor manual and automatic operation operation more reliable multi function remote control 译文 红外遥控步进电机系统设计与实现 0 引言引言 步进电机将电脉冲信号转变为角位移或线位移的开环控制元件 在非超载 情况下 电机的转速 停止的位置取技术决于的脉冲信号的频率和脉冲数 而 不受负载变化的影响 即给电机加一个脉冲信号 电机则转过一个步距角 所 以使得在速度 位置等控制领域用步进电机控制变得非常简单 更加方便用户 应用和掌握 随着信息技术的飞速发展 无线通信技术正在向各领域渗透 特别是红外 线通信 无论从小型化 轻量化还是从安全性等方面考虑 其可行性都比较高 本文主要研究步进电机在手动 自动控制模式下 通过增加红外遥控模式以实 现步进电机的多功能控制 1 步进电机的控制系统组成步进电机的控制系统组成 为了实现步进电机的手动 自动及遥控等多功能操作模式 设计了一个步 进电机控制系统 其系统组成见图一 系统选择 SCT89C52 单片机作为控制器 以 4 4 输 入键盘和按钮作为手动输入电路 选用 DS1302 作为时钟电路 以 LCD1602 作为输出显示电路 选择 HS0038 为红外接收电路 采用 PCF8591 作 为 A D 转换装置 传感器选择了光敏元件 选用 ULN2003 步进驱动器 对型 号为 28BYJ48 型步进电机进行驱动 手动输入电路主要用来实现参数的设置 以便在手动模式下控制电机的正 反转 时钟控制电路一方面提供时钟信息 另一方面实现步进电机的定时启动 与停止 传感器及 A D 转换电路根据外部的检测信号 实现自动状态时不同要 求下步进电机的运行 红外发送与接收电路发送红外控制信息及接收遥控器发 送来的信息 并送到单片机控制器进行解码 从而发出控制命令 显示电路对 系统运行过程中的状态信息及工作模式进行显示 单片机控制器是系统的核心 部件 完成对输入信号的采集 运算 判断及处理 并发出控制命令或输出相 应的显示信息 电机驱动电路接收控制器发出的控制命令 驱动步进电机实现 正传或反转 传感器 A D 转换器手动输入红外接收 无无 锡锡 职职 业业 技技 术术 学学 院院 毕毕 业业 设设 计计 说说 明明 书书 英英 文文 翻翻 译译 7 图一 系统组成框图 2 硬件电路设计硬件电路设计 2 1 红外线接收与发送电路 HS0038 集成红外接收器静态时输出端输出高电平 当接收到红外信号后 按照信号的数据波形输出负脉冲数据信号 红外接收电路的输出接单片机的 P3 2 口 利用该口的第二功能 INT0 一旦有红外线信号到来 则 P3 2 被拉低 单片机转入中断接收 处理红外信号 其接线图如图 2 所示 其中 IRIN 接 P3 2 端口 红外发送电路可选用昂达播放器的遥控器 也可以采用电视遥控器 由于 系统简单 本文采用昂达播放器的遥控器 2 2 步进电机及步进驱动器 1 步进电机 28BYJ48 型步进电机是四相八拍 电压为 DC5 V DC12 V 四相步进电机可以在不同的通电方式下运行 常见的通电方式有单 单相绕组 通电 四拍 A B C D A 双 双相绕组通电 四拍 AB BC CD DA AB 和八拍 A AB B BC C CD D DA A 三种 VOC IRIN R C4 HS0038 Rg 图 2 红外线接线图 2 步进驱动器 采用 ULN2003 驱动器 是一个单片机高电压 高电流 的达林顿晶体管阵列集成电路 由 7 对 NPN 达林顿管组成具有高电压输出特性 ULN2003 是大电流驱动阵列 多用于单片机 智能仪表 PLC 数字量输出卡 等控制电路中 可直接驱动继电器等负载 输入 5VTTL 电平 输出可达 500mA 50 V 3 电机驱动电路 28BYJ48 型步进电机是四相五线减速步进电机 其减 速比为 1 64 步进角为 5 625 64 如果转一圈 则需 360 5 625 64 4096 个脉冲信号 采用 ULN2003 进行驱动 驱动端口为 P1 0 A P1 1 B P1 2 C P1 3 D 正转次序为 AB 组 BC 组 CD 组 DA 组 反转 次序为 AB 组 AD