(最新)高中英语必修4-Module-5-A-Trip-Along-the-Three-Gorges.知识点整理三.doc

必修4 Module 5 A trip Along the Three Gorges知识点整理三27.take off（飞机）起飞，其反义词为land“着陆”。Please fasten f:sn your safety belt before we take off.脱下，解（拿）掉，其反义短语为put on“穿上”。Take off your dirty clothes and put on clean ones.（事业）成功，走红，突然大受欢迎The new magazine has really taken off.这份新杂志真是大受欢迎。(匆匆)离开，请假When he saw the police coming,he took off in the opposite direction.The guest in the red cap took off without saying goodbye.Ive decided to take a few days off from work next week.取消，停止（使用）There is no night-flight to Hong Kong at this time.The service was taken off at the end of this summer.这个时候没有到香港的晚班飞机，这一服务今年夏末就取消了。take along随着携带You have no choice.You have to take along your cat.你别无选择，你必须随身带着你的猫。take on呈现；承担（工作，责任等），雇佣Dont take on any more responsibilities rspnsblti.不要再承担更多的责任了。The boss took on twenty people for his new company.take in 吸收；理解；收容，接纳；欺骗 Fish take in oxygen through their gills(gilll).鱼通过鳃摄取氧气。 It took me a long time to take in what you were saying. The farmer took in the lost travellers for the night.那个农民收留了迷路的游客过夜。She was not easily taken in.take up占据；从事I wont take up any more of your time.我不会再占用你更多的时间。To keep healthy,Professor Johnson take up cycling as a regular form of exercise after he retired.为了保持健康，退休后，约翰逊教授开始把骑自行车作为一种固定的锻炼形式。take down拿下；记下Please take down the picture from the walls.请把那些画从墙上取下来。take over接管，接手（尤指从他人手中接手掌管或接收。）；接收Im afraid its not possible for you to take over the job.恐怕你不可能接管这项工作。take back取回，带回，收回（说过的话）I take back all I said about his dishonesty. A steamer sti:m calls once a week to take back mail.汽船每周一次来把邮件取走。takefor把误当作At first I took him for a doctor. take apart拆开，拆卸Take the watch apart and see if you can see whats wrong with it. 把手表拆开来看看你能不能检查出什么毛病。take after 长相或举止像 （某个长辈）（不用进行时） Mary really takes after her mother； she has the same eyes，nose and hair. 玛丽真像她妈妈，眼睛、鼻子和头发都一个样。 take away 拿走；拆去；解除，使消失；减去 There is only one thing that people cant take away from you,and that is your wisdom.只有一样东西是别人拿不走的，那就是你的智慧。 They took away the old house and built a new one.他们把老房子拆掉了，建了一栋新的。 This drug should help to take the pain away.这药可以止痛。take sth seriously严肃、认真地对待某事 take a chance冒险，投机takefor granted认为是理所当然的takein ones arms（拥）抱(1)Briggs will_as general manager when Mitchell retires.A.get away B.take over C.set off D.run out(2)Some insects _the color of their surroundings to protect themselves.A.take in B.take off C.take on D.take out(3)Yao Ming,an NBA superstar,became the boss of Shanghai basketball team,and is ready to_in the world of basketball.A.take off B.get off C.turn off D.come off(4)They are against the proposal,for it_too much farmland.A.puts up B.takes up C.gives up D.makes up(5)To keep healthy,most retired old people_jogging(jog dg慢跑) as a regular form of exercise.A.take up B.make up C.carry out D.hold out(6) Dont be_by products_to make you look slim quickly.A.taken away;promised B.taken over;promised C.taken out;promising D.taken in;promising(7)Rod loves_clocks.However,he never manages to put them together again.A.taking apart B.giving away C.making up D.turning off(8)After studying in a medical college for five years,Jane_her job as a doctor in the countryside.A.set out B.took over C.took up D.set up(9)When are you leaving?My plane_at 10:15.A.takes off B.took off C.is about to take off D.will take off(10)Dont_more work than you can do or you will break down.A.take on B.take off C.take over D.take in(11)When I was_the school football team because I was unfit,I knew it was time to quit_.A.taken off ;smoking B.taken up;having smoked C.taken down;to smoke D.taken apart,smoking(12)He will_his post岗位 as the head of the civil svl人民的，市民的 courts at the end of next nonth.A.take off B.take on C.take up D.take out(13)The piano is so big that it_too much room.A.takes in B.takes on C.takes off D.takes up(14)Green plants are producers since they_sunlight,water and carbon dioxidedaksad 二氧化碳to make sugar.A.take up B.take in C.take over D.take on(15)He began to take political science_only when he left school.A.strictly B.truly C.carefully D.seriously(16)Tom tried to find a table for ten,but they were all_(give away,take up).(17)Yao Ming is very famous now.However,his basketball career_only after many years of hard work.A.took on B.took off C.took up D.took out(18)The meeting has been_ _(取消)。(19)Throughout the week,the boy_most of the work in the managers office.A.took down B.took off C.took in D.took over(20)A right is not something that somebody gives you.It is something that nobody can_.A.take away B.take up C.take over D.take in(21)He didnt_what I said because his mind was on something else.A.hold on B.hang on C.take in D.get over(22)介、副词填空a)Dont let yourself be taken_by his tricks.b)Who will take_the company when you retired?c)Please speak slowly so that I can take_your name and address.d)The city has taken_a new look.(23)The government has taken measures to_the high prices of daily goods to keep the market stable（stable稳定的，staple主要的）.A.take down B.bring down C.hand down D.tear down(1)B 米切尔退休后，布里格斯将接替其任总经理。 (2)C (3)A姚明，一位NBA超级明星，成为上海篮球队的老板，已准备好在篮球界腾飞发展。(4)B (5)A (6) D不要相信那些承诺会让你快速苗条的产品。(7)A (8)C 在医学院学习了5年后，简开始从事乡村医生的工作。 (9)A (10)A (11)A take off起飞，离开 quit doing sth停止做某事 (12)B下个月底，他将成为人民法院的院长。take on担任 (13)D (14)B (15)D (16)taken up (17)B(事业)腾飞 (18)taken off (19)D整整一周，这个男孩承担了经理办公室的大部分工作。take over接收，接管 (20)A权力不是某个人赋予你的东西，而是谁也无法剥夺的东西。(21)C他没明白我说的话，因为他的思维在其他事上。(22) a)in b)over c)down d)on (23)B take down写下，拆掉。 bring down降低，减少 句意：政府已经采取措施降低日用品的高价格以保持市场稳定。28.辨析：except,but,besides,except for与apart from except表示“除之外，除去”之意,其后名词、代词、短语或that,when等引导的句子。except for常表示肯定整体，除去局部的不足. We go there every day except Sunday. I like her except when she is angry.区别except后排除的内容与主语往往是同一类的，而except for后所排除的内容与主语往往不是同一类的。All the buildings are excellent except this one.All the buildings are excellent except for their location. Your composition is very good except for a few spelling mistakes.你的作文很好，除了有少数拼写错误。 but多与否定词no one,none,nobody,nothing以及who,all,everyone等连用，常与except换用；No one knew Mr Smiths address except/but his daughter. besides表示“除之外还有”；常与other(s),else,more,also连用，相当于in addition to. apart from与besides意思、用法相同。 Does John know any other foreign languages besides French? Apart from their house in London,they also have a vila in Spain.除他们在伦敦的一栋房子外，他们在西班牙还有一套别墅。 (1)The suit fitted him well_the color was a little brighter. A.except for B.except that C.exept when D.besides (2)I know nothing about the young lady_she is from Shangdong. A.except B.except for C.except that D.besides (3)Does John know any other foreign languages_French? A.except B.but C.besides D.beside (4)I dont mind picking up your things from the store._,the walk will do me good. A.Sooner or later B.Still C.In time D.Besides (5)No one else can perform the operation,so we can do nothing but_for him. A.wait B.waiting C.to wait D.waited (6)The hurricane damaged many houses and business buildings;_,it caused 20 deaths. A.or else B.therefore C.after all D.besides (7)How do you go to school?On foot except_it rains. (8)Some people choose a job for other reasons b_money these days. (9)用except/besides/except for填空 a)She saw nothing_snow. b)Your writing is good_a few grammar mistakes. c)She doesnt do anything_sit and watch TV. d)We need three more persons to finish the job_us two. (1)B (2)C (3)C (4)D我不介意从商店把你的东西拿回来,另外（表原因）,走路对我有好处 (5)A (6)D (7)that (8)besides (9)a)except b)except for c)except d)besides29.情态动词 shall的用法在问句中表示征求对方意见或请求（用于第一、三人称）Shall we begin our lesson?我们开始上课吗？When shall he be able to leave the hospital?他什么时候能离开医院？表示说话人的允诺、命令、警告、法令或威胁（用于第二、三人称）You shall fail if you dont work hard.如果你不努力工作，你就会失败。（警告）He shall be punished.他会受到惩罚的。（威胁）You shall do as your father syas.你要照你父亲说的去做。（命令）Tell her that she shall the book tomorrow.告诉她明天可以得到那本书。（允诺）表示决定或决心（用于第一人称）I shall come if I want to.我想来的话，我就来。 (1)Im going to Europe on vacation together with John if I_find money. A.can B.might C.would D.need (2)The traffic is heavy these days.I_arrive a bit late,so could you save me a place? A.can B.must C.need D.might (3)Although this_sound like a simple task,great care is needed. A.must B.may C.shall D.should (4)Will you read me a story,Mummy?OK.You_have one if you go to bed as soon as possible.A.might B.must C.could D.shall(5)No one_be compared with Yao Ming in playing basketball.Oh,you are really his big fan.A.can B.need C.must D.might(6)Must I turn down the radio now?No,you_.A.mustnt B.neednt C.cant D.wont(7)May I take this book out of the reading room?No,you_.You read it in here.A.mightnt B.wont C.neednt D.mustnt(8)Just be patient.You_expect the world to change so soon.A.cant B.neednt C.may not D.will not(9)_I take the book out?Im afraid not.A.Will B.May C.Must D.Need(10)Doctors say that exercise is important for health,but it_be regular exercise.A.can B.will C.must D.may(11)One of our rules is that every student_wear school uniform while at school.A.might B.could C.shall D.will(12)You_park here!Its an emergency exit.A.wouldnt B.neednt C.couldnt D.mustnt(13)You_worry about it,as everything has been settled now.A.shouldnt B.neednt C.cant D.mustnt(14)Mum,would you please buy me an MP5 player?If you can help do some housework the whole vacation,you_have one as a reward.A.must B.need C.would D.shall(15)When I was a child,I_often play with my little dog near the river,which I missed so much years later.A.should B.would C.could D.might(16)I feel bored with nothing interesting to do.You_watch TV.There will be a very good Hollywood film on this evening.A.need B.could C.would D.shall(17)I rang you yesterday afternoon.A man answered,but I didnt recognized the voice.Oh,it_my uncle.He was in my room then.A.must have been B.should have been C.must be D.should be(18)Just as we are sitting down to have dinner,the telephone_ring.A.must B.could C.might D.need(19)You amaze me! You_cheat in such important examinations.A.should B.would C.need D.may(20)He was a good swimmer,so he_swim to the river bank when the boat sank.A.could B.might C.was able to D.must(21)I promise her daughter she_get a nice present on her birthday.Will it be a surprise to her?A.should B.must C.would D.shall(22)Hows your new babysitter?We_ask for a better one.All our kids love her so much.A.should B.might C.mustnt D.couldnt(23)You_buy a gift,but you can if you want to.A.must B.mustnt C.have to D.dont have to (1)A能弄到钱 (2)D 你能给我留个位子吗？(3)B尽管这个任务听起来可能简单，但还是需要特别小心谨慎的。(4)D shall表示“允诺”(5)A能够 (6)B (7)D表示强烈的禁止 (8)A (9)B (10)C (11)C (12)D紧急出口 (13)B shall表示“允诺” (14)D(15)B would表示过去的习惯，意为“常常”(16)B (17)A (18)A must偏偏 (19)A should竟然 (20)C can表示主观上认为有能力做某事；而be able to表示客观上有能力做成某事。(21)D情态动词shall的用法是考生必须要掌握的内容，要想正确解题，就要正确理解语境，同时题干中如果出现shall，就要观察题干是否符合应该使用shall的语境。(22)D (23)D30.情态动词表示推测can,could,may,might,must皆可表示推测，其用法如下：(1)表示对现在的推测。a.对现在状态的推测：情态动词+动词原形肯定句：He must be at home.他一定在家。 He may be at home.他可能在家。 He would be at home.他大概在家。 He should/ought to be at home.他应该在家。 He must/may know you.他一定（可能）认识你。否定句：否定句用can,could,may,mightHe cant be at home.他不可能在家。 He may not be at home.他可能不在家。疑问句：疑问句用can,couldCan he be at home?他会在家吗？（表怀疑）注意：表示推测时，can通常只用于疑问句和否定句中，而could则可用于肯定句、疑问句和否定句中。may和might通常用于肯定句和否定句中。（不用于疑问句中）b.对现在动作的推测：情态动词+be+动词-ing.Your mother must(may) be waiting for you at home.你妈妈一定（可能）在家等你。She cant be watching TV now.她现在不可能在看电视。Can they be playing football?难道他们在踢足球吗？(2)表示对过去的推测：must/may/might/could +have+过去分词It must(may) have rained last night.昨晚一定（可能）下了雨。The door was closed.He can/could not have been at home.门是锁着的，他不可能在家。Can he have got the book?难道他得到那本书了吗？情态动词+动词的现在完成进行时表示对过去正在发生的事情的推测。Your mother must have been looking for you.你妈妈肯定一直在找你。(3)表示对将来的推测：情态动词+动词原形She must arrive before five.Can she arrive before five? Im afraid she cant.31“情态动词+have+done”的用法 can/could have done can have done表推测一般用在否定句和疑问句中，而could have done则可用于肯定句、疑问句和否定句中。用于否定句时表否定推断，推测肯定没做；couldnt have done相当于 cant have done，意为“过去不可能做了某事。”用于疑问句时意为“难道真的做了吗”，表示怀疑。例如： I think that he couldnt/cant have gone abroad. I saw him just now.我认为他不可能出国了。我刚才还看见他了。Can/Could he have passed the exam?他可能通过了考试吗？Where can they have gone? They could have gone to the cinema.他们能去哪里呢？他们可能去电影院了。“The dictionary has disappeared. Who could have taken it?” 词典不见了，（过去）谁可能把它拿走了？could (不能用 can) have done 表示“过去本能够做某事却未做。”注意：其否定形式 couldnt have done相当于cant have done 没有虚拟语气的用法，He could have passed the exam,but he was too careless.他本来能够通过考试的，但是他太粗心了。may / might have done may / might have done 表示“过去或许做了某事”。may/might have done表推测时主要用于肯定句和否定句中，不能用于疑问句中。may 比 might 表示的可能性在说话人看来稍大些。may/might not have done表示“过去或许没有做某事。”例如： I cant find my keys. I may / might have left them at the school yesterday. 我找不到我的钥匙了。我或许昨天把他们落在学校了。John may/might not have passed the exam; he looks very sad.约翰或许没有通过考试。他看起来很忧伤。might (不能用 may) have done 表示“过去本可以做某事却未做。” 注意：其否定形式 might not have done 没有虚拟语气的用法，might not have done 只能表推测，相当于 may not have done，意为：“过去或许没有做某事。”He might have given you more help,even though he was busy.他或许会多给你一些帮助，即使他很忙。She might have achieved greater progress,if you had given her more chances.如果你多给她机会，她可能已经取得了更大的进步。must have done表示对过去某事的肯定猜测，译为：过去肯定做了某事。不存在 mustnt have done 的形式。其否定形式须用 can来表示. 例如： Since the road is wet, it must have rained last night. 既然路是湿的，那昨天晚上肯定下雨了。He cant have missed the way. I drew him a map. 他不可能迷路。我（当时）给他画了张图。学法点拔：含有must have done sth结构的反意疑问句中，若有表示过去的时间状语，反意疑问部分用“didnt+主语？”；若没有表示过去的时间状语，反意疑问部分则用“havent/hasnt+主语？”It must have rained last night,didnt it?He must have finished his homework,hasnt he?They must have been to the Great Wall,havent they?should have done 表示“过去本应该做某事却未做。”其否定结构 shouldnt have done 表示 “过去本不该做某事却做了。”Tom,you are too lazy.The work should have been finished yesterday. ought to have done 表示“过去本应该做某事却未做。”其否定结构 oughtnt :tnt to have done 表示 “过去本不该做某事却做了。”You ought to have helped me.你本来应该帮助我的。ought to 在语气上比should 要强。He ought not to have thrown the old clothes away.（事实上已扔了。）need have done 表示“过去本来需要做某事而没有做。”其否定结构 neednt have done 表示 “过去本来不需要做某事而做了。”You neednt have waited for me.你本不必等我的。You neednt have hurried. 你当时实在不必那么匆忙。He need have hurried to the station.In that case,he wouldnt have missed the train. 他本来需要快点去车站，那样的话，他就不会误了火车。 用于疑问句时，用于询问某一过去动作的必要性。不表示虚拟。Need you have paid so much? 你当时真须要付那么多钱吗? Need they have sold the farm? 他们那时非得把农场卖掉不可吗? would have done为虚拟语气，表示对过去事情的假设，意思是“本来会做”。 I would have told you all about the boys story,but you didnt ask me.我本来会告诉你这个小男孩全部的故事的，但是你没有问我。 Without your help,I wouldnt have achieved so much.没有你的帮助，我不会取得如此大的成绩。 (1)We_the difficulty together,but why didnt you tell me?A. should face B.might face C.could have faced D.must have faced(2)Happy birthday! Thank you! Its the best present I_for.A.should have wished B.must have wished C.may have wished D.could have wished(3)She looks very happy.She_have passed the exam.I guess so.Its not difficult after all.A.should B.could C.must D.might(4) My cats really fat. You_have given her so much food.A.wouldnt B.couldnt C.shouldnt D.mustnt(5)Theres no light onthey_be at home.A.cant B.mustnt C.neednt D.shouldnt(6)Sorry Im late. I _ have turned off the alarm clock and gone back to sleep again. A. might B. should C. can D. will (7)I was really anxious about you. You_ home without a word. A. mustnt leave B. shouldnt have left C.couldnt have left D. neednt leave(8) Ill tell Mary about her new job tomorrow. You_ her last week. A.ought to tell B.would have told C.must tell D.should have told(9) Tom graduated from college at a very young age. Oh, he _ have been a very smart boy then. A. could B. should C. might D. must(10)He _ have completed his work; otherwise, he wouldnt be enjoying himself by the seaside. A. should B.must C.wouldnt D.cant(11) Do you know where David is? I couldnt find him anywhere. Well. He _have gone farhis coats still here. A.shouldnt B.mustnt C.cant D.wouldnt(12) The woman biologist baldst生物学家stayed in Africa studying wild animals for 13 years before she returned. Oh, dear! She _ a lot of difficulties! A.may go through B.might go throughC.ought to have gone through D.must have gone through(13)I have lost one of my gloves. I _ it somewhere. A. must drop B. must have dropped C. must be dropping D. must have been dropped (14)Mr. White _ at 8:30 for the meeting, but he didnt show up. A.should have arrived B.should arriveC.should have had arrived D.should be arriving(15)He paid for a seat, when he _ have entered free. A. could B.would C.must D.need(16)Tom is never late for work. Why is he absent today?Something _ to him. A.must happen B.should have happen