2003-2015全国职称英语等级考试卫生类A级历年真题及答案

2015 年全国职称英语等级考试卫生类 A 级 试题 第 1 部分 词汇选项 第 1 15 题 每题 1 分 共 15 分 下面每个句子中均有 1 个词或短语划有底横线 请为每处划线部分确定 1 个意义最为接近的选项 1 Different hypothesis have been put forward to explain why UFOs exist A sentence B comments C conclusions D Theories 2 She is a lovely gracious woman A courteous B curious C quiet D shy 3 She hugged me like an old friend and invited me to dinner the next day A embraced B held C kissed D patted 4 It was unfortunate that she had erased the message A heard of B looked of C spoken of D rubbed out 5 He never grumbled about working overtime A talked B wrote C spoke D complained 6 To start with we need to decide who will preside over the meeting A chair B attend C celebrate D prepare 7 I must apologize for my outrageous behavior A courageous B greedy C angry D glorious 8 I think she made a blunder by announcing it ahead of time A decision B mistake C promise D plan 9 He came back home weary and fatigued A scared B worried C exhausted D frightened 10 I have to apologize for my abrupt departure yesterday A late B unfriendly C suddenly D unfold 11 He was obsessed with American horror movies A kept thinking about B took advantage of C paid no attention to D cared nothing about 12 You accusation is wholly without foundation A almost B probably C cpmpletely D evidently 13 My room is really very cosy A cool B comfortable C cold D clean 14 Some astronomer contend that the universe may be younger than previously believed A predict B argue C think D suggest 15 The woman living next door is extremely slender A tall B weak C slim D pale 第 2 部分 阅读判断 第 16 22 题 每题 l 分 共 7 分 下面的短文后列出了 7 个句子 请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断 如果该句提供的是正确信 息 请选择 A 如果该句提供的是错误信息 请选择 B 如果该句的信息文中没有提及 请选择 C One third of parents lack facts about child development One third of parents of babies have a surprisingly low knowledge of child development including basic concepts about what their children should know or how they should act a new study finds 1 For instance the study found that many parents don t know that 1 year olds can t tell the difference between right and wrong and often don t cooperate or share when playing with other children The results are surprising because the parents who took part in the survey had young children said lead author Dr Heather Paradis a pediatric fellow at the University of Rochester Medical Center in New York They were watching or had just watched their kids go through this development and they were probably the most knowledgeable of anybody Paradis and her colleagues examined the results of a survey of parents 98 6 percent of whom were mothers of more than 10 000 9 month old babies As part of the survey the parents were asked 11 questions designed to test their knowledge of a baby s development The researchers also examined what the parents said about their interactions with their children and watched videotapes of how the parents taught new things to their kids One third of those surveyed incorrectly answered four or more of the questions Even when the researchers adjusted the statistics to account for such factors as education levels and income those parents were still less likely to enjoy healthy interactions with their children A lack of proper understanding of a child s development can cause assorted problems Paradis said For example she said a mother might expect an 18 month old child to sit still for a doctor s appointment even though children that age are normally curious and like to wander around A mom could misinterpret a child s normal curiosity as intentionally being defiant and could respond with harsh discipline withdrawal of affection and repetition of that pattern over time Paradis said That could hinder the child s potential for full growth and development The findings were to be presented Sunday at the Pediatric Academic Societies meeting in Honolulu One solution Paradis said is for pediatricians to take a more active role in educating new parents By improving knowledge of child development among all parents not just those who are at highest risk there s an opportunity to enhance parent child interaction she said It can ultimately lead to better parenting 16 A majority of parents of babies know little about child development A Right B wrong C Not mentioned 17 Babies of one year old have no sense of right or wrong A Right B wrong C Not mentioned 18 The parents surveyed were asked 11 questions on child development A Right B wrong C Not mentioned 19 Most American families are nuclear rather than extended ones A Right B wrong C Not mentioned 20 Most mothers with young children prefer to stay at home A Right B wrong C Not mentioned 21 Children of one and a half years old like to sit still A Right B wrong C Not mentioned 22 Parent child interaction can in no way be improved A Right B wrong C Not mentioned 第 3 部分 概括大意与完成句子 第 23 30 题 每题 1 分 共 8 分 下面的短文后有 2 项测试任务 1 第 23 26 题要求从所给的 6 个选项中为第 2 5 段每段选择 1 个 最佳标题 2 第 27 30 题要求从所给的 6 个选项中为每个句子确定 1 个最佳选项 Ebola Outbreak 2 1 You are likely aware that several countries in West Africa are batting an Ebola Outbreak Ebola is a dangerous and often lethal viral infection Scientists believe that humans contracted the virus by eating the meat of rare animals It is now believed that bats are the primary carriers of the virus 2 To date there are only three major countries in West Africa experiencing a major outbreak Sierra Leone Liberia and Guinea However other countries such as Nigeria have reported confirmed cases of Ebola within their borders 3 Unless you recently visited one of the three affected West countries your risk of contracting the virus is virtually zero Unlike other recent airborne virus outbreaks like SARS the Ebola virus can only be spread through direct contact with an infected person Specifically Ebola is spread through contact with body fluids Though the virus is transmittable only an infected person exhibiting symptoms is communicable 4 The signs and symptoms of Ebola are non specific and patients typically exhibit them after a week of contracting the virus Symptoms may appear as early as two days or as late as three weeks after initial infection Symptoms include disgust weakness and stomach pain More uncommon symptoms include chest pain bleeding and sore throat 5 Ebola is devastating because of its ability to attack and replicate in every organ of the body This causes an overstimulation of the body s inflammatory response causing the flu like symptoms The virus also causes bleeding and impairs the body s normal clotting mechanism 凝血机制 making bleeding even more severe Loss of blood volume and decreased organ perfusion 器官灌注 ultimately lead to organ failure and death 6 The current outbreak is the deadliest viral outbreak in over 35 years While diseases such as the malaria 疟疾 are far more communicable Ebola is one of the world s most fatal viral infections Ebola s fatality rate exceeds that of SARS 23 paragraph 2 24 paragraph 3 25 paragraph 4 26 paragraph 5 27 The initial Ebola outbreak was found in 28 The difference between SARS and Ebola viruses lies in 29 The symptoms of the patients after being infected may first appear 30 The Ebola virus transmits by contact with A infected body fluids B against the outbreak severity C the mode of transmission D the initial days of being infected E three countries in West Africa F within a wide range of days 第 4 部分 阅读理解 第 31 45 题 每题 3 分 共 45 分 下面有 3 篇短文 每篇短文后有 5 道题 请根 据短文内容 为每题确定 1 个最佳选项 第一篇 Ear Breakthrough A Am I at risk of contracting the virus B Is the current outbreak the deadlines C How do I know if I have contracted the virus D What areas are currently affected E What exactly does Ebola do to the body F What caused the Ebola outbreak 3 New research published in the journal Current Biology has added significantly to understanding of how the ear works giving hope to millions of deaf and hard of hearing people The latest research conducted by Dr Jorg T Albet a Deafness Research UK research fellow at the UCL Ear Institute together with scientists at the University of Cologne shows that fruit flies have ears which mechanically amplify sound signals in a remarkably similar way to the sensory 感觉的 cells found in the inner ear of vertebrates 脊椎动物 including humans The finding means that the wealth of genetic techniques already available to study the fruit fly can now be used to target how the ear works Dr Albert says The biophysical parallels between the ways both fruit flies and humans convert sound into nerve signals are truly amazing We may be allowed to hope that these mechanistic 机械 学的 similarities extend further down to the genes and molecules that bring about hearing But even if it finally should turn out that hearing in fruit flies relies on different molecules than does hearing in humans the little fruit fly can help us find answers to some key questions of hearing research and what is sometimes even more important will surely help us ask the right questions The work is welcomed by Deafness Research UK the country s only medical research charity for deaf people Vivienne Michael chief executive of Deafness Research UK says This is an important advance that paves the way toward a clear understanding of the genetics of deafness The charity will continue to support culling edge 尖端的 research through its Fellowship programme at the UCI Ear institute and at other top research centres in the UK to achieve our goal of securing audical improvements in the prevention diagnosis and treatment of all forms of hearing impairment There are nine million deaf and hard of hearing people in the UK and in most cases deafness results from loss of sensory cells in the inner ear known as hair cells The cells can be images and lost through ageing noise genetic defects and certain drugs and because the cells don t regenerate the result is progressive and irreversible hearing loss Damage to these cells can also lead to tinnitus 耳鸣 which affects around five million people in the UK 31 A person who is hard of hearing is A not able to hear properly B totally deaf form birth C unwilling to listen to others D ignorant of how the ear works 32 Quite a number of genetic techniques have been used A to target how the ear works B to study the fruit fly C to stimulate sensory cells D to amplify sound signals 33 Fruit files and humans share similarities in how they A ask and answer questions B pass on their genes C reproduce D convert sound into nerve signals 34 Vivienne Michael from Deafness Research UK highly appreciates A the genetics of deafness B the charity s Fellowship programme C improvements in treating hearing impairment 4 D the latest research conducted by Dr Albert 35 Hearing loss caused by damage to the sensory cells A can affect five million people in the UK B can be progressively repaired C cannot be cured D cannot lead to tinnitus 第二篇 Young Adults Who Exercise Get Higher IQ Scores Young adults who are fit have a higher IQ and are more likely to go on to university reveals a major new study carried out at the Sahlgrenska Academy and Sahlgrenska University Hospital The results were recently published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences PNAS The study involved 1 2 million Swedish men doing military service who were born between 1950 and 1976 The research group analyzed the results of both physical and IQ tests the youngsters took right after they started serving the army The study shows a clear link between good physical fitness and better results for the IQ test The strongest links are for logical thinking and verbal comprehension But it is only fitness that plays a role in the results for the IQ test and not strength Being fit means that you also have good heart and lung capacity and that your brain gets plenty of oxygen says Michael Nilsson professor at the Sahlgrenska Academy and chief physician at the Sahlgrenska University Hospital This may be one of the reasons why we can see a clear link with fitness but not with muscular strength We are also seeing that there are growth factors that are important By analyzing data for twins the researchers have been able to determine that it is primarily environmental factors and not genes that explain the link between fitness and higher IQ We have also shown that those youngsters who improve their physical fitness between the ages of 15 and 18 increase their cognitive performance says Maria Aberg researcher at the Sahlgrenska Academy and physician at Aby health centre This being the case physical education is a subject that has an important place in schools and is an absolute must if we want to do well in maths and other theoretical subjects The researchers have also compared the results from fitness tests during national service with the socio economic status of the men later in life Those who were fit at 18 were more likely to go into higher education and many secured more qualified jobs 36 The researchers in this study come from A Aby health centre B the Swedish army C the National Academy of Sciences D a Swedish university and its affiliated hospital 37 Which of the following is an implication of physical fitness A Brain size B Good lung capacity C Clear logical thinking D Muscular strength 38 By enhancing physical fitness one could improves the following EXCEPT A cognitive performance B heart capacity 5 C verbal comprehension D emotional behavior 39 The study finding include the following EXCEPT that A growth factors are significant for a person s IQ B young adults who are fit get higher scores in IQ tests C youngsters who are fit will more likely get college education D young people who are muscular and strong have a higher IQ 40 The word secured in the last paragraph is closes in meaning to A insured B assured C obtained D studied 第三篇 Social Anxiety Disorder Social anxiety disorder prevents some 15 million Americans from leading normal social and romantic lives a new survey finds The disorder leaves many isolated ashamed and often misdiagnosed Thirty six percent of those with social anxiety disorder have symptoms for 10 years or more before seeking help the Anxiety Disorders Association of America reports Social anxiety disorder is when somebody has an intense persistent and irrational fear of social or performance situations Jerilyn Ross the association s president and CEO said during a teleconference Wednesday The condition causes people to avoid common everyday situations and even other people for fear of being judged or criticized or humiliated or embarrassing themselves Ross said Social anxiety disorder can interfere with daily routines and job performance Ross noted It also makes it very difficult for people to develop friends and romantic partnerships she said People with this disorder recognize their fear is excessive and irrational Rose noted But they feel powerless to do anything about it she said Social anxiety disorder can start in the early teens Dr Mark H Pollack director of the Center for Anxiety and Traumatic Stress Disorders and a professor of psychiatry at Harvard Medical School said during the teleconference This is a disorder that starts affecting people early on1 Pollack said The typical age of onset is early adolescence age 12 or 13 and many individuals report a history of anxiety dating back to2 earlier childhood The disorder also has physical symptoms including heart palpitations feelings that their throat will close up3 sweating blushing faintness trembling and stammering Ross said Among people with the disorder 75 percent said the condition affected their ability to do normal activities In addition 69 percent said they didn t want people to think they were crazy and 58 percent said they were embarrassed by their condition Ross said However when the condition is diagnosed and treated many reported improvement in their lives In fact 59 percent who were receiving treatment said treatment had a positive effect on their ability to have a romantic relationship In addition 39 percent who had received treatment said knowing that treatment can be successful aided their decision to get help Ross noted 41 Which of the following is not true of the people with social anxiety disorder 6 A They find difficult to make friends B They tend to judge or criticize other people C They are often isolated and ashamed D They frequently fail to get timely treatment 42 People with the disorder think that their fear is A justified B beneficial C beyond control D controllable 43 Usually the disorder starts to affect people when A they fall in love B they begin to work C they get in their early D they are in their early teens 44 All the following are likely symptoms of the disorder EXCEPT A heart palpitations B sweating C sore throat D blushing 45 The last paragraph indicates that treatment of the disorder A has no positive on those affected B was unavailable to those affected C was often rejected building those affected D could improve the life of those affected 第 5 部分 补全短文 第 46 50 题 每题 2 分 共 10 分 下面的短文有 5 处空白 短文后有 6 个句子 其中 5 个取自短文 请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位 置 已恢复文章原貌 第 6 部分 完形填空 第 51 65 题 每题 1 分 共 15 分 下面短文有 15 处空白 请根据短文内容 为每处空白确定 1 个最佳选项 第 1 部分 词汇选项答案 1 D 2 A 3 A 4 D 5 D 6 A 7 C 8 B 9 C 10 C 11 A 12 C 13 B 14 B 15 C 第 2 部分 阅读判断答案 16 B 17 A 18 A 19 C 20 C 21 B 22 B 7 第 3 部分 概括大意与完成句子答案 23 D 24 A 25 C 26 E 27 E 28 C 29 F 30 A 第 4 部分 阅读理解答案 31 A 32 A 33 D 34 D 35 C 36 D 37 B 38 D 39 D 40 C 41 B 42 C 43 D 44 C 45 D 注 以下答案均属于网友版 仅供参考 卫生类 A 级 11 1b 2c 3c 4b 5b 6c 7d 8a 9c 10b 11d 12d 13b 14d 15c 16a 17b 18a 19b 20c 21a 22b 23e 24b 25a 26d 27f 28e 29a 30c 31c 32d qb 34d 35a 36a 37a 38c 39a 40c 41c 42b 43a 44b 45c 46c 47 b 48e 49d 50a 51c 52a 53b 54b 55b 56a 57a 58d 59b 60d 61d 62a 63a 64c 65d 2015 年职称英语卫生类 C 级考试答案 代码 12 下面的答案都是网友提供的 仅供参 考 1 15 DAADD ACBCC ACBBC 16 22 AAACCCB 23 30 CBDA ADBE 31 45 DADCD DBDDB BDDCD 46 50 DCAEF 51 65 DACDB AACBB BAABA 8 2015 年职称英语卫生类 A 级考试答案 代码 13 下面的答案都是网友提供的 仅供 参考 1 15 BBDDC BDADD CAAAB 16 22 AAACCBB 23 30 EBCFFCDB 31 45 BDCBA DCADC DABAB 46 50 FEBDA 51 65 AABDC DDCDD CDDBC 9 2015 年全国职称英语等级考试卫生类 A 级 试题 第 1 部分 词汇选项