2017年全国高考英语真题分类汇编---时态语态及动词词义辨析解析

2017 年全国高考英语真题分类汇编 动词时态语态和词义辨析 1 北京卷 24 that company to see how they think of our product yesterday Yes They are happy with it A Did you call B Have you called C Will you call D Were you calling 答案 A 分析 yesterday 表示过去的时间 要用一般过去时 句意 你给那个公司打电话来弄 清他们对我们产品的看法了吗 是的 他们对我们的产品很满意 所以选 A 2 北京卷 29 In the 1950s in the USA most families had just one phone at home and wireless phones yet A haven t invented B haven t been invented C hadn t invented D hadn t been invented 答案 D 分析 in the 1950s 是过去的时间 而到那时还没有无线电话 说明是 过去的过去 句 意 在美国 20 世纪 50 年代 多数家庭家里只有一部电话 并且无线电话还没被发明出来 所以 用过去完成时 选 D 3 北京卷 33 People better access to health care than they used to and they re living longer as a result A will haveB haveC hadD had had 答案 B 分析 than they used to 说明是现在和过去对比 且后半句 and 后 are living longer 用的是现 在进行时 所以是现在时系列 句意 人们有了比过去更好的医疗 人们活得更长久了 所以选 B 4 北京卷 34 If the new safety system to use the accident would never have happened A had been put B were put C should be put D would be put 答案 A 分析 根据后一句 would never have happened 判断这是与过去事实相反的虚拟语气 if 条 件句要用 had done 形式 句意 如果新的安全系统被使用的话 这场事故就不会发生 所以选 A 5 天津卷 5 Mr and Mrs Brown would like to see their daughter get married and have kids A settled down B keep off C get up D cut in 答案 A 本句考查动词短语词义辨析 A settle down 安顿下来 定居 安静下来 开始专心于某 工作 着手认真做某事 B keep off 避开 防止 远离 C get up 起床 起立 风雨 开始变得猛 烈 组织某事 D cut in 插嘴 强行超车 开通 机器的一部分 让某人加入 秘密赚钱计划 句 意 布朗先生和夫人想要看到他们的女儿安顿下来 结婚生子 所以选 A 6 天津卷 6 Nowadays cycling along with jogging and swimming as one of the best all round forms of exercise A regard B is regarded C are regarded D regards 答案 B 分析 along with 连接并列主语时谓语采用就远原则 即只看句首主语的单复数形式 而 本句句首主语是 cycling 谓语要用第三人称单数形式 句意 现代 骑自行车和慢跑 游泳被看作 最全能的运动形式之一 所以选 B 7 天津卷 8 I down to London when I suddenly found that I was on the wrong road A was driving B have driven C would drive D drove 答案 A 分析 when I suddenly found 表明是过去的某个时间点所发生的动作 句意 当我发现 走错路的时候 我正开往伦敦 所以选 A 8 天津卷 15 Do you have Betty s phone number Yes Otherwise I able to reach her yesterday A hadn t been B wouldn t have been C weren t D wouldn t be 答案 B 分析 otherwise 用来引导含蓄虚拟语气的句子 用来代替 if 条件句 此时只考虑主句谓语 动词的变化 yesterday 表明与过去事实相反 句意 你有 Betty 的电话号码吗 我有 否则 我昨天就不能给她打通电话了 所以选 B 9 江苏卷 22 not for the support of the teachers the student could not overcome her difficulty A It were B Were it C It was D Was it 答案 B 分析 本句考查省略 if 的虚拟语气 需要构成部分倒装 即把系动词 助动词 情态动词提 到主语前面 根据主句 could not overcome her difficulty 判断是与现在事实相反 句意 要不是 老师的支持 这个学生就不能克服困难 所以选 B 10 江苏卷 24 The publication of Great Expectations which both widely reviewed and highly praised strengthened Dickens status as a leading novelist A is B are C was D were 答案 C 分析 本句考查时态和主谓一致 主语是 publication 因此谓语要用第三人称单数 由后 边主句谓语 strengthened 判断是一般过去时 句意 远大前程 的出版得到了广泛认可和高度赞 扬 这加强了狄更斯作为杰出小说家的地位 所以选 C 11 江苏卷 25 Working with the medical team in Africa has the best in her as a doctor A held out B brought out C picked out D given out 答案 B 分析 本题考查动词短语辨析 A hold out 坚持 提供机会 伸出手 B bring out 使显现 阐明 出版 使某人更自信 开朗 C pick out 挑选 分辨出 把 衬托出来 缓慢或困难地弹奏 D give out 用完 停止运行 分发 公布 精疲力竭 句意 在非洲同医疗队一起工作已经使她表 现出了最好的一面 所以选 B 12 江苏卷 27 He hurried home never once looking back to see if he A was being followed B was following C had been followed D followed 答案 A 分析 此句的 if 引导宾语从句 译成 是否 并不是考查虚拟语气 follow 是 跟踪 的意思 应该是 被跟踪 要用被动语态 而主句谓语 hurried 是一般过去时 说明恰恰是在他回 家过程中发生的动作 要用进行时 综合考虑应该选用过去进行时的被动语态 句意 他匆忙回 家 从没回头看是否被跟踪 所以选 A 13 江苏卷 30 A quick review of successes and failures at the end of year will help your year ahead A shape B switch C stretch D sharpen 答案 A 分析 本句考查动词词义辨析 A shape 塑造 形成 决定 的发展方向 B switch 转变 交换 调班 C stretch 伸展 拉长 使变松 绵延 使某人施展才华 延伸消耗 D sharpen 使尖 锐 提高 变得清晰 使更紧迫 增强 句意 在年末快速回顾一年来的成功与失败能够帮助你 决定未来一年的发展方向 所以选 A 14 江苏卷 31 He s been informed that he for the scholarship because of his academic background A hasn t qualified B hadn t qualified C doesn t qualify D wasn t qualifying 答案 C 分析 主句谓语是现在完成时 宾语从句陈述的是现在的客观事实 应该用一般现在时 句意 他已经被通知由于他的学术背景 他没有资格获得奖学金 所以选 C 15 浙江卷 62 She suspected that one of her three daughters then ten eight and six had picked it up but the girls said they hadn t Pahlsson and her husband 62 search the kitchen checking every corner but turned up nothing 答案 searched 分析 根据 62 空前一句主句谓语动词 suspected 及本句 but 后谓语动词 turned 都是 一般过去时 并且时间状语 then 那时 也表示过去 因此 62 空也应该用一般过去时 所以用 searched 句意 她怀疑是她三个女儿当中的某个拿走了这个戒指 当时分别为 10 岁 8 岁和 6 岁 但是女儿们都说没拿 Pahlsson 和她丈夫找遍了厨房的每个角落 但都没找到 16 全国 I 卷 64 When fat and salt 64 remove from food the food tastes as if is missing something 答案 are removed 分析 本句考查主谓一致 根据主语 fat and salt 是两件并列事物判断要用谓语复 数形式 主句谓语 tastes 是一般现在时 本句表达的是客观事实 所以 64 空要用一般现在时的被动 语态 are removed 句意 当脂肪和盐分被从食物中剔除时 食物吃起来就好像缺了些什么 17 全国 I 卷 67 Fast food 67 be full of fat and salt by eating more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet 答案 is 分析 本句说明的是客观事实 且 food 是不可数名词 谓语动词要用第三人称单数 所 以用 is 句意 快餐中包含很多脂肪和盐分 吃快餐越多 人们所摄取的盐分和脂肪比人体所需 要的就会更多 18 全国 II 卷 65 Steam engines 65 use to pull the carriages and it must have been fairly unpleasant for the passengers with all the smoke and noise However the railway quickly proved to be a great success and within six months more than 25 000 people were using it every day 答案 were used 分析 本句考查主谓一致和时态 根据主语 engines 判断谓语动词要用复数形式 根据 and 后谓语动词 must have been 判断是过去时 情态动词 have done 结构表示的动作都与过去时 有关 且 however 之后的句子谓语 proved 也是一般过去时 所以本句该用一般过去时 综合考虑该 用 were used 句意 一些蒸汽机被用来拉客车车厢 因为既有浓烟又有噪音 对于乘客来说很不 舒服 但是 铁路的发明很快证明是伟大的成功 不到 6 个月 就有 25000 多人每天都使用它 19 全国 II 卷 68 Later engineers 68 manage to construct railways in a system of deep tunnels 隧道 which became known to the Tube This development was only possible with the introduction of electric powered engines and lifts 答案 managed 分析 本句考查动词时态 根据定语从句中的谓语 became 和后一句的谓语 was 是 一般过去时判断 本句也要用一般过去时 所以用 managed 句意 后来工程师们又设法建立了 深的隧道铁路系统 作为 Tube 而闻名 只有电力机车和升降机的引入才有可能实现这一发展 20 全国 III 卷 63 Instead Sarah is earning 6500 a day as a model in New York Sarah 63 tell that sh