初中英语六大从句用法及练习

1 mend repair respect measure occur insist upset prove be divided into be divided by be responsible for be in charge of cautious crop salary charity donate source form pretend prevent exist paradise be forbidden to monitor 班长 监控 directly display challenge interview predict manner typical 欢迎 打招呼 conversation opposite adj hand in gesture management factor operate button 按钮 钮扣 complain positive negative 强迫某人做某事 wallet purse 钱包 口袋 捡起 return sth to sb give back to 还回给某人 junk snack 零食 snake 蛇 hut 小屋 fair unfair the attitude with be appreciated by praise chore be supposed to staff stuff authority 权威 当局 awful 令人不愉快的 remind fit punishment severe unify regular suffer suffer from stress take a break positive negative force sb to do force asb into doing wallet purse 钱包 pocket 口袋 pick up return sth to sb give back to 还回给某人 junk 垃圾 snack 零食 snake 蛇 hut 小屋 fair 公平 unfair 不公平 the attitude with 对 的态度 be appreciated by 被某人欣赏 感激 praise 赞扬 chore 杂事 be supposed to 被认为 staff 员工 全体职工 stuff 材料 东西 authority 权威 当局 awful 令人不愉快的 remind 提醒 使想起 keep fit 保持健康 fit 合适 益处 launch 发射 punishment 惩罚 severe 严重的 严厉的 unify 统一 regular 规律的 suffer 遭受 忍受 suffer from stress 承受压力 take a break 休息一下 no longer not any longer 2 英语中六大从句用法总结英语中六大从句用法总结 1 主语从句主语从句 1 主语从句可直接位于主语的位置 如果从句较长从句较长 谓语又较短 可用可用 it 作形式主语作形式主语 而将从句放在句末 常见的句型有 It is a fact a pity a question good news that It seems appears happened has turned out that It is clear important likely possible that It is said reported estimated has been proved that 2 what 引导的主语从句表示 的东西时 一般不用一般不用 it 作形式主语作形式主语 What we lack is experience 3 what who when why whether 等词含有各自的疑问意义 但它们引导的主语从句引导的主语从句 都用陈都用陈 述语序述语序 How the plan is to be carried out should be discussed again 2 宾语从句宾语从句 1 宾语从句可位于及物动词 介词和某些形容词后及物动词 介词和某些形容词后 连词 that 常可省略常可省略 介词后一般接介词后一般接 疑问词引导的宾语从句疑问词引导的宾语从句 except that 除了除了 but that 只是 只是 in that 因为因为 已构成固定搭配 其他介词后一般不接 that 引导的宾语从句 I promised that I would change the situation All this is different from what American young people would say about friendship He is certain that watching so much television is not good for children This article is well written except that it is a bit too long 2 宾语从句后如有宾补后如有宾补 要用形式宾语形式宾语 it 来代替来代替 而把宾语从句移至宾补之后 He has made it clear that he would not change his mind 3 在 think believe suppose expect 等动词后的宾语从句中 如果谓语是否定的谓语是否定的 一般将否定否定 词移至主句谓语上词移至主句谓语上 宾语从句宾语从句则变成肯定形式变成肯定形式 He didn t think that the money was well spent 3 表语从句表语从句 表语从句就是用一个句子作为表语 位于系动词之后 说明主语身份 特征 属性或状态 The problem is when we can get a pay rise The question is whether we can finish our work by tomorrow evening That is why he didn t come to the meeting It looks as if it is going to rain The reason why he was late was that he missed the train by one minute this morning The fact is that we have lost the game What he told you was what had been discussed at the meeting 4 同位语从句同位语从句 同位语从句用于对前面出现的名词对前面出现的名词作进一步说明进一步说明 一般用连词连词 that 引导引导 由于先行名词的先行名词的 意义不同意义不同 也可用 whether who when where what why how 等引导 常见的先行名词有 fact idea belief news hope conclusion evidence suggestion order problem report decision 有 时由于谓语较短谓语较短 将同位语从句位于谓语之后将同位语从句位于谓语之后 She finally made the decision that she would join the fashion show I had no idea how many books I could borrow at a time The news came that their team had won the championship 3 5 定语从句定语从句 定语从句所修饰的先行词可以是名词或代词先行词可以是名词或代词 也可以是一个句子句子 定语从句通常位于先行通常位于先行 词之后词之后 由关系代词关系代词或关系副词引导关系副词引导 关系词在从句中的成分修饰的先行词可否省略 关系代词that主语 宾语人 物作宾语时可省略 which主语 宾语物作宾语时可省略 who whom whose主语 宾语 定语人作宾语时可省略 关系副词When where why时间状语 地点 状语 原因 时间 地点 原因 一般可省略 限制性定语从句限制性定语从句 限制性定语从句修饰先行词修饰先行词 紧接先行词之后 无逗号 若省去 原句意思不完整若省去 原句意思不完整 引导 定语从句的关系代词有 who whom whose which that 等 who whom whose 用于指人用于指人 whose 有时也可指物有时也可指物 相当于 of which which 用于指物用于指物 that 既可指人也可指物既可指人也可指物 但只用只用 于限制性定语从句中于限制性定语从句中 关系代词关系代词除了引导定语从句 替代先行词外 还在从句中担任主语 担任主语 宾语 定语宾语 定语等 The girl parents died in an accident is living with her grandmother The computers and cables make up the Internet are owned by people and organizations Those live alone or are sick may have trouble in getting close to other people 1 当先行词是先行词是 all anything everything something nothing 等不定代词不定代词或先行词前有先行词前有 first last any few much some no only 以及形容词最高级形容词最高级修饰时 只能用只能用关系代词 that 引导 从句 That is all I ve heard from him He s the first person I m going to interview this afternoon 2 关系代词的省略关系代词的省略 从句中作作 的关系代词的关系代词常可省略可省略 关系代词紧跟介词关系代词紧跟介词 作介作介 词宾语时不可用词宾语时不可用 that 只可用只可用 which 或或 whom 引导引导从句 并且不可省略不可省略 但当介词位于介词位于宾 语从句句末句末时 作为介词宾语的关系代词仍可用仍可用 that 也可省略可省略 This is one of those girls we have to take care This is one of those girls we have to take care of 3 引导定语从句定语从句的关系副词关系副词有 when where why 等 关系副词在从句中作状语作状语 意义上相 当于一个 介词介词 which 的结构 Even in comic books there are no words the stories are fully expressed through the drawings No one knows the reason he was so angry that day 非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句 非限制性定语从句既可修饰先行词既可修饰先行词 也可修饰整个主句修饰整个主句 起补充说明作用补充说明作用 与主句之间有有 逗号隔开逗号隔开 若省去 原句意思不受影响省去 原句意思不受影响 不可用不可用 that 引导非限制性定语从句引导非限制性定语从句 关系词不可关系词不可 省略省略 Every object has a gravitational pull which is rather like magnetism 介词介词 which whom whose 引导的定语从句 介词介词 which whom whose 可引导限制性定语从句限制性定语从句 也可引导非限制性定语从句引导非限制性定语从句 该结构 中介词的选择取决于介词的选择取决于从句谓语动词的固定搭配谓语动词的固定搭配 或先行词的习惯搭配先行词的习惯搭配 This is the computer he spent all his savings It is written by a person we are all familiar 4 as 引导的定语从句引导的定语从句 as 引导的定语从句主要用于 such as 及 the same as 的结构中 代替先行词是人或物先行词是人或物的 名词名词 as 引导非限制性定语从句引导非限制性定语从句时 代替整个主句代替整个主句 从句可位于主句之前 之后或中间可位于主句之前 之后或中间 These are not such problems as can be easily solved as 代替代替先行词 problems As is mentioned above no single company or group can control what happens on the Internet as 代替主语主语 6 状语从句状语从句 时间状语时间状语从句 引导时间状语从句的从属连词和词组从属连词和词组有 1 when whenever while as after before since till until once 等 We have learnt quite a lot about it since we came here 2 as soon as hardly scarcely when no sooner than each every time the moment immediately that 等 As soon as I sent an e mail message I received positive responses The moment he heard the good news he jumped with joy 地点状语地点状语从句 引导地点状语从句的连词是 where wherever Wherever she went she took her little daughter with her 原因 结果和目的原因 结果和目的状语从句 1 引导原因原因状语从句的从属连词有 because as since now that seeing that considering that in that 等 Considering that he is a freshman we must say he is doing well 2 引导结果结果状语从句的连词有 so that such that so that that so 等 Mickey Mouse is so attractive that the children are reluctant to leave 3 引导目的目的状语从句的连词有 so that in order that for fear that lest 等 从句从句常使用 may might can could would 等情态动词等情态动词 We got up early this morning so that we could catch the first bus to the railway station 条件和让步条件和让步状语从句 1 引导条件条件状语从句的连词和词组有 if unless as so long as on condition that in case provided providing that supposing 等 As long as you have the right equipment you can use a telephone line to transmit computer data 2 引导让步让步状语从句的连词和词组有 though although whether even though even if no matter what when how whatever whenever wherever however 等 though even if 等引 导状语从句可转换成含有转换成含有 as 的部分倒装结构部分倒装结构 具有强调意义强调意义 其结构为 形容词 副词 形容词 副词 动词 名词 动词 名词 as 主语主语 谓语谓语 No matter what you may say I would not change my mind Young as he is he is quite experienced in this work though he is young Child as he is he can speak English fluently though he is a child 方式方式状语从句 引导方式方式状语从句的连词有 as just as as if as though 等 as if as though 引导的状语从句中 谓语动词常用虚拟语气常用虚拟语气 表示与事实相反与事实相反 The young man made the experiment just as the teacher had taught him Everything went on as usual as if nothing had happened 5 练习 1 It is reported that two schools both of are being built in my hometown will open next year A that B which C them D those 2 Jack everyone can see is an honest child A which B that C that D as 3 Mary was much kinder to Jack than she was to the others of course make all the others upset A whoB whichC whatD that 4 He is reading the book he borrowed from the library yesterday A whose B whereC which D as 5 Between the two parts of the concert is an interval the audience can buy ice cream A when B where C that D which 6 Do you know the speed the car is running A at which B which C with which D that 7 While driving through the city she showed me the building she once worked as a lift operator A among which B which C in which D that 8 Life is like a long race we compete with others to go beyond ourselves A why B what C that D where 9 All the neighbors admire this family the parents are treating their child like a friend A whyB whereC whichD that 10 The age children can go to school is seven A at which B by which C which D whose 11 My glasses I was like a blind man fell to the ground and broke A without which B with which C for which D in which 12 The wolves hid themselves in the places couldn t be found A which B where C in which D in that 13 How much do you have in your pocket 150 yuan all of came from my grandma A whichB themC it D that 14 The size of the audience we had expected was well over 20 000 A as B where C which D why 15 Ted came for the weekend wearing only some shorts and a T shirt is a stupid thing to do in such weather A this B that C what D which 16 You ll find taxis waiting at the bus station you can hire to reach your host family A which B whereC whenD as 17 Occasions are quite rare I have the time to spend a day with my kids A who B whichC whyD when 18 By nine o clock all the Olympic torch bearers had reached the top of Mount Qomolangma appeared a rare rainbow soon A whichB on whichC thatD above which 19 The schools themselves admit that not all children will be successful in the jobs they 6 are being trained A that B for which C which D about which 20 What do you think of teacher Bob I find it fun and challenging It is a job you are doing something serious but interesting A where B which C when D that 21 Later in this chapter cases will be introduced to readers consumer complaints have resulted in changes in the law A whereB whenC whoD which 22 The lazy boy is expecting a way he can get through the exams without hard work A whichB with whichC in which D whom 23 The reason he was late for school was that he got up late A for which B at which C in which D on which 24 The Great Wall is the place almost all tourists would like to visit when they come to Beijing A why B which C when D where 25 Later in this chapter cases will be introduced to readers consumer complaints have resulted in changes in the law A whereB whenC whoD which 26 I was born in New Orleans Louisiana a city name will create a picture of beautiful trees and green grass in our mind A which B of which C that D whose 27 Since 1995 people call the Year of the Internet the world has turned flat thanks to the net work A which B when C in which D by which time 28 We went to the West Lake yesterday not surprisingly was crowded with visitors from all over the world A where B which C that D when 29 The time is not far away modern communications will become widespread in China s vast countryside A as B when C until D before 30 They talked happily about the things and persons they remembered in the college A who B which C whose D that 7 选择填空 选择填空 20 分 分 1 Frank fell over at the beginning of the race but he was ahead of the other runners in the end A higher than B longer thanC faster thanD more quickly than 2 What a terrible rain we had last month Yes it caused floods and a large number of cars went wrong A were washed away B broke downC disappearedD stopped to work 3 The Shenzhen City consists of many districts including Luohu Futian Nanshan and so on A are full ofB are covered withC is filled withD is made up of 4 The children should be taken good care of because they are unaware of the danger around them A don t know about B can t deal withC find outD pay attention to 5 Congratulations You have won the first prize in the Robcup Competition Thank you It was not easy but we made it at last A deserved it B succeeded C caught itD held it 6 Mike do you know man with glasses next to Mr White He is my uncle Simon He is art teacher in our school A the B the an C the D a an 7 Is there in today s newspaper A lot about the FIFA But we can t watch the games the exams are over A something special after B special something before C special anything when D anything special until 8 I think it would be better if we have more in our school I agree with you It s necessary us to give advice to our headmaster about this A man teachers forB men teachers of C men teachers forD man teachers of 9 Do you know the 10th China International Cultural Industry Fair 文博会 last month Yes It attracted people around the world A held millions B held million of C is held million of D was held millions of 10 What a pity Mum doesn t let me in the river on my own She s right Children should learn to protect from all kinds of dangers A to swim ourselvesB to swim yourselves C swim themselvesD swimming them 11 Candy is the first in the exam again I think she is student in our class So she is And she always does her homework very A the most hard working carefulB most hard working most carefully C more hard working more carefully D the most hard working carefully 12 Peter let s watch the new movie X Men on TV I d love to but my parents don t allow me to watch TV on weekends A shall we exceptB will you besidesC shan t we except for D won t you beside 13 A Bite of China is a popular TV program that everyone talks about it these days Yes It shows China s many kinds of delicious foods and colourful food culture A too it s B such its C so it D very its 14 Listen Katherine is playing the violin in the music ro