新版人教版八年级英语下册第一单元知识点

2014 年初二下单元知识点 Unit 1 What s the matter 一 知识要点 1 询问身体状况 What s the matter with you What s your trouble What s wrong with you What s up 用于询问某人有什么病或某 人遇到什么麻烦 问题其后跟询问对象时 与介词 with 连用 How are you feeling now Are you feeling better today 回答身体病痛 have a sore throat 患喉咙痛 have a sore back 患背痛 have a fever 发烧 have a cold catch a cold 患感冒 have a stomachache 患胃痛 have a toothache 患牙痛 have a headache 患头痛 have a backache 患背痛 2 There is something wrong with the one s 身体部位 3 反身代词的用法 myself ourselves yourself yourselves himself herself itself themselves 跟主语一致 The child can dress himself 作宾语 Mrs Black herself is a teacher 作同位语 Just be yourself 作表语 固定短语 teach oneself sth 自学 learn sth by oneself 自学 enjoy oneself 玩的开心 help oneself to sth 随 便吃什么 say to oneself 自言自语 introduce oneself 自我介绍 4 too much 不可数名词 too many 可数名词 much too 形容词或副词 5 enough water old enough 名前形 副后 6 lie down and rest lie lay lain lying lie 还有撒谎的意思 它的过去式为 lied rest have a rest 7 maybe 或许 常用于句首 表示可能性 后加句子 Maybe you are right may be 是情态动词 be 的结构 意为 可能 也许 后加名词 代词或形容词 He may be angry 8 sound like 名词代词和从句 It sounds like you don t know the truth It sounds like a good idea sound 形容词 听起来 好像 The music sounds nice 9 need 需要 实义动词 need 名词 需要某物 need to do sth 需要做某事 主语通常是人 表示人主动的动作 You need to listen carefully during class need doing sth 主语通常是物 表示被动的动作 Your dirty clothes need washing needn t don t have to 没有必要 mustn t 不准 must need 引导的疑问句肯定回答用 must 否定回答用 needn t 或 don t have to 如 Must I finish my homework now No you You can go home now A needn t B mustn t C shouldn t D can t 10 go to a doctor see a doctor see a dentist go to a dentist 11 see sb do sth see sb doing sth 感官动词的用法 看见某人做过某事用原形 看见某人正在做某事用现在分词 这样的词语有 hear listen to look at watch feel find 12 get off get on get over 克服 get on along well with 和某人相处得好 get up 起床 get back 取回 13 to one s surprise 令某人惊奇的是 in surprise 惊奇地 be surprised to do sth 做某事感到惊奇地 be surprised at sth 对 感到惊奇地 14 agree with sb agree to do sth agree on 达成一致意见 15 Thanks to because of 16 in time 及时 on time 准时 17 right away right now at once 18 get into trouble 造成麻烦 be in trouble 处于困难当中 make trouble 制造麻烦 have trouble difficulties in doing sth 做某事有困难 19 advice 不可数名词 劝告 建议 向 征求意见 give sb advice on sth 就某事给某人建议 advise 动词 advise sb to do sth advise doing sth give sb advice on sth 就某事给某人建议 20 hurt 及物动词 使 疼痛 受伤 He hurt his leg while exercising 不及物动词 部位 疼 His leg hurt badly 21 hit 用手或器具 打 击打 The boy hit the dog with a stone hit sb on the head nose back 打某人的头 鼻子 后背 on 用在所打较硬的部位 hit sb in the face eye stomach 打某人的脸 眼睛 肚子 in 用在所打较软的部位 22 be used to sth doing sth 习惯于 适应了 做某事 强调状态 His grandpa was used to country life Mary is not used to getting up early in the morning get become used to sth doing sth 变得习惯 逐渐适应 强调过程 动作 It s difficult for one to get used to another country s habit be used to do sth be used for doing sth 被用来做 used to do sth 过去常常做 23 free 形容词 空闲的 free time 免费的 the drink is for free 自由的 I want to become a free bird free 动词 使 解脱 得到自由 He could not free his arm 24 run out 用完 用尽 When his water run out he knew that he would have to do something to save his own life 物 sth run out 某物用尽了 人 sb run out of 物 sth 人用尽了某物 He run out of all his money last night 25 fall down 摔倒 fall off 从 掉下来 fall in love with 爱上 fall asleep 熟睡 fall into 掉进 fall behind 落后 26 risk sb to do sth 冒险去做某事 take a risk take risks 冒险 27 the importance of doing sth 做 某事的重要性 We students should know the importance of learning English importance n 重要 性 important adj 重要的 unimportant adj 28 be in the control of 掌管 管理 The headmaster is in the control of this new school be out of control 无法控制 无法管理 be under control 被控制住 在控制之中 29 mind 意为 mind doing sth Would you mind my opening the window 30 give up doing sth stop doing sth 放弃 做 某事 give up playing computer games give up 后可接名词 代词和动词 ing 形式 也可不接 如 Never give up easily give in 屈服 give out 分发 give back 归还 31 be interested in have take an interest in 对 感到兴趣 places of interest 名胜 lost interest in 失去兴趣 32 one of the exciting things one of the 形容词 名词复数 33 almost nearly 几乎 hardly 几乎不 34 on that day 具体的某一天 35 his own life own 的前面用所有格 36 mean doing sth 意味着做某事 mean to do sth 打算做某事 What does mean What s the meaning of 的意思 37 make decisions make a decision make up one s ming decide to do sth 决定做某事 38 keep on doing sth 坚持做某事 keep sth adj 保持某物某种状态 39 find sb do sth find sb doing sth find it adj to do sth 发现做某事怎样 find it difficult hard to do sth 发现做某事很 难 40 feel sick 生病 不舒服 sick ill adj 生病的 1 sick adj 生病的 既可放 be 系动词 后作表语 也可放 n 前作定语 be sick of 讨厌 厌恶 sick person patient 病人 2 ill adj 生病的 只能放 be 系动词 后作表语 be ill in hospital 生病 ill illness n 病 疾病 41 so that 以至于 目的状语 so that 结果状语 so adj a an n that 从句 He is so cute a boy that we all like him so little much 不可数名词 that 从句 He had so little education that he was unfit for this job so few many 名词复数 that 从句 He had so many falls that he was black and blue all over There were so many people in the street watching the fire that firefighters could not get close to the building such a an adj 名词单数 that 从句 He is such a clever boy that everybody likes him such adj 名词复数 不可数名词 that 从句He has made such great progress that the teachers are pleased with him 二 重点短语 1 have a fever 发烧 2 have a cough 咳嗽 3 have a toothache 牙疼 4 talk too much 说得太多 5 drink enough water 喝足够的水 6 have a cold 受凉 感冒 7 have a stomachache 胃疼 8 have a sore back 背疼 9 have a sore throat 喉咙痛 10 lie down and rest 躺下来休息 11 hot tea with honey 加蜂蜜的热茶 12 see a dentist 看牙医 13 get an X ray 拍 X 光片 14 take one s temperature 量体温 15 put some medicine on sth 在上面敷药 16 feel very hot 感到很热 17 sound like 听起来像 18 all weekend 整个周末 19 in the same way 以同样的方式 20 go to a doctor 看医生 21 go along 沿着 走 22 on the side of the road 在马路边 23 shout for help 大声呼救 24 without thinking twice 没有多想 25 get off 下车 26 h