2012年高考英语-全国I卷(解析版)

2012年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语本试卷分第卷（选择题）和第卷（非选择题）两部分。第卷1至14页。第卷15至16页。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第卷注意事项：1. 答题前，考生在答题卡上务必用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔将目己的姓名、准考证号填写清楚，并贴好条形码。请认真核准条形码上的准考证号、姓名和科目。2. 短小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号，在试题卷上作答无效。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分) 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题：每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小脱.从题中所给的A. B.C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例:How much is the shirt? A.19.15. B.9.15. C. 9.18. 答案是B。1. Where does this conversation probably take place?AIn a bookstore.B. In a classroom.C. In a library.2. At what time will the film begin?A.7:20B.7:15C.7:003. What are the two speakers mainly talking about?A. Their friend Jane.B. A weekend trip.C. A radio programme.4. What will the woman probably do?A. Catch a train.B. See the man off.C. Go shopping.5. Why did the woman apologize? A. She made a late delivery. B. She went to the wrong place.C. She couldnt take the cake back.CABCAText 1M: Excuse me, Madam?W: Yes?M: How long can I keep the book?W: For one month. Please make sure you return the book before its due.Text 2M: Hurry up, Jenny. Its already seven. Well be late for the film.W: Dont worry dear, we still have twenty minutes. And it takes us only fifteen minutes to get there. Well be there just in time.Text 3M: I heard on the radio that itll be sunny during the holiday weekend. Maybe we can take a trip to Boston. W: That sounds great. Ill call Jane to see if she likes to join us.Text 4W: Its nearly eight. If you want to catch the nine oclock train, youd better go now.M: Dont worry, Ill drive to the station.W: In that case, let me go with you. And you drop me off at the city center. Ill go to the open market.Text 5W: Im sorry, the cake is late. Well be better next time, I promise.M: Well, Im sorry too. You have to take it back. The birthday party is over and we dont need the cake any more.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟:听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的做答时间。每段对话读两遍。听第6段材料.回答第6. 7题。6. Whose CD is broken?A. Kathys.B. Mums.C. Jacks.7. What does the boy promise to do for the girl?A. Buy her a new CD.B. Do some cleaning.C. Give her 10 dollars.CB Text 6 W: Oh, its broken! Jacky is not going to be happy when he sees this. Its his favorite CD, he will tell Mom.M: Please Kathy, can I borrow ten dollars? Ill buy him a new one and I will clean up your room.听第7段材料.回答第8、9题。8. What did the man think of the meal?A. Just so-so.B. Quite satisfactory.C. A bit disappointing.9. What was the 15% on the bill paid for?A. The food.B. The drinks.C. The service.BCText 7 W: How did you like the dishes, Sir?M: Delicious. Everything was excellent here. Thank you!W: Do you want some coffee, tea, sir?M: No. thanks, Im fine. Ah, just have the bill, please. How much is your services charge?W: Fifteen percent and its included in your bill. Thank you very much, sir. We look forward to seeing you again.M: Sure, good night.听第8段材料，回答第I0至12题。10. Why is the man at the shop?A. To order a camera for his wife.B. To have a camera repaired.C. To get a camera changed.11. What colour does the man want?A. Pink.B. Black.C. Orange.12. What will the man do afterwards?A. Make a phone call.B. Wait until further notice.C. Come again the next day.CABText 8W: Can I help you?M: Yes. My daughter bought this camera here for my wifes birthday. But it doesnt work. So Id like to change it for another one.W: I see. Let me have a look. Well, well be happy to change it for you. But I am afraid we dont have another pink one. M: Oh, what will I do then?W: Would you like to choose a different color? We do have this camera in black and orange.M: My wife doesnt like either of those colors.W: If you want, we can order another camera just like this one. There wouldnt be any extra charge for it.M: That sounds fine. Would you please go ahead and do that?W: Wed be very happy to, but itll take at least a week. Maybe ten days. Well call you when it comes then.M: Thank you very much.W: You are welcome.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13. What would Joe probably do during the Thanksgiving holiday?A. Go to a play.B. Stay at home.C. Visit Kingston. 14. What is Ariel going to do in Toronto? A. Attend a party. B. Meet her aunt. C. See a car show.I5. Why is Ariel in a hurry to leave? A. To call up Betty. B. To buy some DVDs. C. To pick up Daniel.16. What might be the relationship between the speakers? A. Classmates. B. Fellow workers. C. Guide and tourist.BBCB Text 9 W: Hi, Joe, many people in our department are leaving for Thanksgiving. What are you going to do?M: I think Ill just stay at home. I may see some friends and watch a few DVDs. And I probably would go to the Ottawa Car Show. What about you, Ariel? Whats your plan?W: I am going to do some traveling with my family.M: Oh, where to?W: Toronto. And on our way, were going to visit my aunt Betty, in Kingston.M: Thats exciting .How long do you plan to stay?W: Two days, I have a get-together party with my college friends on the tenth in Toronto. Oh, Im afraid Ive got to go now. My husband is waiting for me. And well have to pick up Daniel from school. Have a nice holiday Joe!M: Thank you. You too.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17. Where does Thomas Manning work? A. In the Guinness Company. B. At a radio station. C. In a museum.18. Where did the idea of a book of records come from? A. A bird-shooting trip. B. A visit to Europe. C. A television talk show.19. When did Sir Hughs first book of records A. In 1875. B. In 1950. C. In 1955.20. What are the two speakers going to talk about next? A. More records of unusual facts. B. The founder of the company.C. The oldest person in the worldAACAText 10 W: Where can you look if you want to know how tall the tallest person in the world is or who the oldest person in the world is. There is only one place where you will find all these information. And thats the Guinness Book of World Records. This morning we have someone from the Guinness Company that produced that famous book. Tomas Manning. Welcome to the program, Tomas!M: Thanks Sue. Its a pleasure to be here. W: Perhaps you could start by telling us where the idea for the book came from?M: Well it was first suggested in the early 1950s. Sir Hugh Beaver, the Managing director of Guinness, was out shooting birds with some friends. A bird flew away so quickly that no one was able to shoot it. Sir Hugh wondered whether this bird was the fastest bird in Europe. And it wasnt the fastest. He wondered what it was.W: So I suppose he went to the nearest library to look for the information and he couldnt find it?M: Yeah, thats exactly what happened. And this made Sir Hugh think there must be other people in the same situation who wanted this kind of information. He thought that, like himself, people would be interested in finding facts about the records to satisfy their curiosity.W: So the idea for a book of records was born. And when did the first book come out?M: A few years later, in 1955. So to answer your first question: the tallest person in the world is 231.7cm tall. And the oldest person is Jeanne L Calment who was born in February, 1875.W: They are also some rather strange records on their tormentsM: Yeah, thats right. Did you know, Sue, that the shortest time that taking”第二部 分英语知识运用 (共两节.满分45分)第一节 单项填空 (共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分)从A、B、c、D四个选项中.选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。例：It is generally considered unwise to give a child_ her or she wants。 Ahowever B. Whatever C. whichever D. whenever答案是B21.-Which one of these do you want? - Either will do.A. I dont mind B. Im sureC. No problem D. Go aheadA。【解祈】此处I dont mind我不介意；Im sure我确信；No problem没间题；Go ahead继续 做。句意：你想要这些中的那一个？一我不在乎。任何一个都行22. Sarah looked at finished painting with satisfaction.A.不填；a B. a; the C. the; 不填 D. the; aC。 【解析】第一空特指“已经画完的画”；第二空考查介词短语with satisfaction意为：满意地，作状语。此处satisfaction为抽象名词，在此短语中不用冠词。句意：Sarah满意地看着那幅已画完的画。23. Life is like walking in the snow, Granny used to say, because every step ”A. has shown B. is showingC. shows D. showedC。【答案】C4 【解祈】此处是奶奶过去常常说的一句话，这里是直接引语，句子的内容是生活哲理。所以用一般现在时。局意：奶奶过去常常说：“生活就像在雪中行走，因为每一步都看的见。24. It is by no means clear the president can do to end the strike.A. how B. whichC. that D. whatD。【解析】此处it是形式主语，what引导的是主语从句，作真正的主语。What作do的宾语。 句意：总统采取什么行动结束这次罢工一点也不清楚。25. I dont believe weve met before, I must say you do look familiar.A. therefore B. althoughC. since D. unlessB。【解析】句意：尽管我一定说你确实看起来熟悉，但我相信我们以前没见过面。根据句意只有although符合题意。26. The result is not very important to us, but if we do win, then so muchA. the best B. bestC. better D. the betterD。【解析】此处so much修饰名词，所以用the better的形式。句意：这结果对我们来说不很重要，但如果我们真的赢了，那就太好了。27. Mary is really good at taking notes in class. She can_ almost every word her teacher says. A. put out B. put down C. put away D. put togetherB。【解析】此处put out媳灭；put down 记下，写下；put away 收拾，把东西放好 put together放在一起。句意：Mary非常擅长在课上做笔记。她能把她的老师说得每个词写下来。28. The party will be held in the garden, weather .A. permitting B. to permit C. permitted D. permitA。【解析】此处主句的主语party和weather不一致，所以weather保留，作permitting的逻辑主语，构成独立主格结构。另外，weather与permit之间是主动关系，故用现在分词。29. This restaurant wasnt_ that other restaurant we went to. A. half as good as B. as half good as C. as good as half D. good as half asA。【解析】在asas句型中，倍数放在第一个as的前面，故A正确。句意：这家饭店不及我们去过另一家的一半好。30. I _use a clock to wake me up because at six oclock each morning the train comes by my house.A. couldnt B. mustntC. shouldnt D. needntD。 【解析】此处考査情态动词，neednt动词原形表示：没有必要做某事。句意：我没有必要 用闹钟唤醒我，因为每天早上6点火车都经过我的房子。31. Larry asks Bill and Peter to go on a picnic with him, but_ of them wants to, because they have work to do.A. either B. anyC. neither D. noneC。【解析】根据句意可知，Bill和Peter两个人，所以其否定形式用neither。句意：Larry请求Bill和Peter一起和他去野餐，但他们两个都不想去，因为他们要工作。32. Film has a much shorter history, especially when_ such art forms as music and painting.A. having compared to B. comparing toC. compare to D. compared toD。解析】此处是被省略的时间状语从句，其相当于：when film is compared to such art forms as music and painting.这里film和compare 之间是被动关系，故用过去分词。又因为主语一致， 所以film被省略。句意：电影的历史短的多，尤其是当它和像音乐和绘画这样的艺术形式 相比时33. I had been working on math for the whole afternoon and the numbers before my eyes.A. swim B .swumC. swam D. had swumC。【解析】主句用过去完成进行时，所以后半句用一般过去时，只有这样才能具备“过去的过去”的条件。句意：我一整个下午都在做数学题，那些数字在我的眼晕眩。34. You have to move out of the way the truck cannot get past you.A. so B. orC. and D. butB。【解析】此处or表示“否则”。句意：你必须躲开，否则卡车过不去。35. If she doesnt want to go, nothing you can say will her.A. persuade B. promiseC. invite D. supportA。【解析】此处persuade说服：promise许诺；invite 邀请； support支持。句意：如果她不想去，你说什么都不能说服她。第二节 完形填空(共20小.:每小1.5分.满分30分)阅读下面短文.从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B. C和D）中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项小涂黑。Body language is the quiet, secret and most powerful language of all !It speaks 36 than words. According to specialists, our bodies send out more 37 than we realize. In fact, non-verbal（非语言）communication takes up about 50% of what we really 38 。And body language is particularly 39 when we attempt to communicate across cultures。Indeed, what is called body language is so 40 ，a part of us that its actually often unnoticed。And misunderstandings occur as a result of it. 41 , different societies treat the 42 , between people differently. Northern Europeans usually do not like having 43 , contact(接触)even with friends, and certainly not with 44 . People from Latin American countries 45 , touch each other quite a lot. Therefore, its possible that in 46 ,it may look like a Latino is 47 a Norwegian all over the room. The Latino, trying to express friendship, will keep moving 48. The Norwegian, very probably seeing this as pushiness, will keep 49 - which the Latino will in return regard as 50 _. Clearly, a great deal is going on when people 51 .And only a part of it is in the wards themselves. And when parties are from 52 cultures, theres a strong possibility of 53 . But whatever the situation, the best 54 is to obey the Golden Rule: treat others as you would like to be 55 _.36. A. straighter B. louder C. harder D. further37. A. sands B. invitations C. feelings D. messages 38. A. hope B. receive C. discover D. mean 39. A. immediate B. misleading C. important D. difficult40. A. we11 B. far C. much D. long41. A. For example B. Thus C. However D. In short42. A. trade B. distance C. connections D. greetings 43. A. eye B. verbal C. bodily D. telephone44. A. strangersB. Relatives C. neighboursD. enemies45. A. in other words B. on the other hand C. in a similar way D. by all means46. A. trouble B. conversation C. silence D. experiment47. A. disturbing B. Helping C. guiding D. following48. A. closer B. faster C. in D. away49. A. stepping forward B. going on C. backing away D. coming out50. A. weakness B. carelessness C. friendliness D. coldness5 I. A. talk B. travel C. laugh D. think52. A. different B. European C. Latino D. rich53. A. curiosity B. excitement C. misunderstanding D. nervousness54. A. chance B. time C. result D. advice55. A. noticed B. treated C. respected D. pleased36.B 37.D 38.D 39.C 40.C 41.A 42.B 43.C 44.A 45.B 46.B 47.D 48.A 49.C 50.D 51.A 52.A 53.C 54.D 55.B 36.B 【解析】身势语比语言表达的意思更响亮，更凊楚。此处louder意力：声音更大，即更有 说服力，谚语：Action speaks louder than words. (事实胜于雄辩)37.D 【解析】据专家称：我们的身体发出比我们意识到的更多的信息。此处sound声音；invitation 邀请；感觉；message信息38.D【解析】实际上，非语言交际占据了约50%我们真正想表达的意思。此处hope希望；receive 接收；discover发现；mean表达意思。39.C 【解析】当我们进行跨文化交流时，身势语显得尤为重要。此处immediate立刻； misleading 误导的；impotent :重要的；difficult困难的40.C 【解析】身势语是被我们事实上常常忽视的很大的一部分。41. A 【解析】文章以拉丁美洲人和挪威人为例，说明不同的社会群体对待距离的态度是不同的。42.B 【解析】不同的社会群体对待人们之间接触的距离是不同的。此处trade交易；distance距 离; connection联系；greeting 问候43.C 【解析】北欧人通常不喜欢身体的接触，即使是朋友，当然更不用说陌生人。此处eye 眼睛，眼神；verbal 言辞的； bodily身体的；telephone电话。44. A【解析】北欧人通常不喜欢身体的接触，即使是朋友，当然更不用说陌生人。此处strangers陌生人；relatives亲戚；neighbours邻居；enemies敌人45. B【解析】此处on the other hand意为：然而，在另一方面。然而，拉丁美洲国家的人们相互接触的就很多46.B【解析】在对话过程中，拉丁人跟在挪威人满屋子转是可能的。此处trouble 麻烦；conversation对话； silence 沉默；experiment实验47. D 【解祈】在对话过程中，拉丁人跟在挪威人満屋子转(following)是可能的。此处follow意为:跟着.走48. A 【解祈】拉丁人保持靠近些表示友谊49. C 【解析】挪威人将不断的后退。此处step forward前进；go on继续；back away后退；come out出来50. D【解析】拉丁人反过来认为他们很冷淡。此处weakness虚弱； carelessness粗心；friendliness 友谊；coldness冷淡。51. A 【解析】很显然，当人们谈话时，许多东西都在进行。52. A 【解析】当我们的伙伴来自于不同的文化背景时，误解的可能性就会很大。53.C【解析】当我们的伙伴来自于不同的文化背景时，误解的可能性就会很大。54.D 【解析】不管什么样的愔景，最好的建议是遵守这样的黄金规则：对待别人像你希望被对待的那样。55.B 【解析】不管什么样的愔景，最好的建议是遵守这样的黄金规则：对待别人像你希望被对待的那样。第三部分阅读理解（共20 小题，每小题2分，满分40分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A, B, C和D)中，选出最佳选项.并在答且卡上将该项涂黑。AHoney(蜂蜜)from the African forest is not only a kind of natural sugar, it is also delicious. Most people, and many animals, like eating it. However, the only way for them to get that honey is to find a wild bees nest(巢)and take the honey from it. Often, these nests are high up in trees, and it is difficult to find them. In parts of Africa, though, people and animals looking for honey have a strange and unexpected helper一a little bird called a honey guide.The honey guide does not actually like honey, but it does like the wax (蜂蜡) in the beehives (蜂房). The little bird cannot reach this wax, which is deep inside the bees nest. So, when it finds a suitable nest, it looks for someone to help it. The honey guide gives a loud cry that attracts the attention of both passing animals and people. Once it has their attention, it flies through the forest, waiting from time to time for the curious animal or person as it leads them to the nest. When they finally arrive at the nest, the follower reaches in to get at the delicious honey as the bird patiently waits and watches. Some of the honey, and the wax, always falls to the ground, and this is when the honey guide takes its share. Scientists do not know why the honey guide likes eating the wax, but it is very determined in its efforts to get it. The birds seem to be able to smell wax from a long distance away. They will quickly arrive whenever a beekeeper is taking honey from his beehives, and will even enter churches when beeswax candles are being lit.56. Why is it difficult to find a wild bees nest?A. Its small in size.B. Its hidden in trees.C. Its covered with wax.D. Its hard to recognize.57. What do the words the follower in Paragraph 2 refer to? A. A bee. B. A bird. C. A honey seeker. D. A beekeeper.58. T