中考易错题分析4

1 日月桃李文化教育老师讲义 学生 年级 九年级 科目 英语 地点 中海怡翠 时间 2011 年 12 月 18 日 形式 单独 老师 教学内容 中考易错题分析 课时安排 2 学时 知识点知识点 按点列出 现在完成时的六个要点 教学过程 复习 新授 训练 例题与训练中的基础 拓展 综合 链接部分必与知识点紧密联系 小结 作业 备考现在完成时的六个要点 现在完成时是初中英语中最重要也是最难掌握的一个时态 同时它也是中考英语中一个最重要的时态考点 许多同学们 对现在完成的用法似懂非懂 具体做题时也往往是跟着感觉走 本文结合初中英语的教学内容和中考英语的考查特点 为同学们归纳学好定语从句必须注意的五个方面 供大家参考 一 弄清基本构成方法 现在完成时由 have has 过去分词 构成 其中的 have has 为助动词 构成疑问句时 可将其提前 构成否定 句时 可直接在其后加 not 二 掌握两种主要用法 现在完成时主要有两种用法 一种是已完成用法 也叫影响性用法 另一种是未完成用法 也叫持续性用法 两种用法 的特点是 1 已完成用法 影响性用法 该用法的现在完成时表示一个过去发生的动作在过去已经完成 并且这个过去发生并完成 的动作对现在有影响或结果 同时说话强调的或感兴趣的就是这个影响或结果 如 She has left 她离开了 对现在的影响或结果 她现在不在这儿 Has she found her car key 她找到她的车钥匙了吗 对现在的影响或结果 她能开她的车了吗 I have finished my work 我的工作做完了 对现在的影响或结果 现在我没事了 He has eaten nothing today 他今天什么也没吃 对现在的影响或结果 他现在一定很饿 2 未完成用法 持续性用法 该用法的现在完成时表示一个过去发生的动作并未在过去完成 而是一直持续到现在 并 且有可能继续下去 也可能到此结束 如 How have you been 你近来怎样 She has been a teacher for 20 years 她已当了 20 年的老师 How long have you lived here 你在这里住了多久了 They have been married for ten years 他们结婚已经 10 年了 I ve known her for a long time 我认识她很长时间了 注 除以上用法外 现在完成时还可表示过去的重复动作甚至将来动作 如 He has always gone to work by bike 他总是骑自行车上班 I ll go to bed when I ve finished my homework 我做完作业后就上床睡觉了 三 注意通常连用的副词 现在完成时通常连用的副词有 already never ever just before recently 等 如 We have finished our work already 我们已经完成了工作 2 He has never driven a car before 他过去从未开过车 Have you ever been a teacher 你当过教师吗 She s just been to a party 她刚参加一个晚会回来 I ve just had some photos taken 我刚照了几张相 但是 若不强调动作对现在的影响 这些副词也可用一般过去时 如 He just arrived in Japan 他刚到日本 Such things didn t happen before 那样的事以前没有发生过 I hear that he went abroad recently 我听说他最近出国了 四 注意 since 与现在完成时的关系 since 不管用作介词 连词还是副词 句子 主句 谓语通常都用现在完成时 如 I haven t seen her since last week 自上周以来我一直未见过她 I met him in 1975 and haven t seen him since 1975 年我见过他 但自那以后就一直未见到他 We have been good friends since we met at school 自从读书相识以来 我们一直是好朋友 注 表示时间长度时 通常用一般现在时代替现在完成时 如 It s a long time since I met you last 好久不见了 It s about six months since we arrived here 我们到这里大约有半年了 五 注意现在完成时与一般过去时的区别 现在完成时的已完成用法很容易与一般过去时相混淆 其区别是 前者强调对现在的影响和结果 后者不强调这个影响 和结果 而是强调这个动作发生的时间是在过去 如 I ve lived here for ten years 我在这里住了 10 年 现在仍住这儿 I lived here for ten years 我在这里住过 10 年 现在不住这儿了 Has he got up 他起来了吗 着眼现在情况 Did you get up very early 你起来很早吗 着眼动作本身 I ve got no news from him 我没听到他的消息 不知道他的情况怎样 I got the news from Jim 这消息我是从吉姆那听来的 单纯谈论动作 六 掌握 have been to 和 have gone to 的用法区别 两者均可后接地点 前者表示去过某地 通常可与表示次数的状语连用 后者表示到某地去了 强调说话的当时去某地 的人不在场 比较 She has been to Europe twice 她到欧洲去过两次 She has gone to Europe 她到欧洲去了 即现在不在这儿 注 若其后不是接名词 而是接副词 则不用 to 如 He has been abroad many times 他多次出国 He has gone home 他回家去了 知识小结 先由学生独立小结 老师最后书面小结 关于非延续性动词 begin leave go borrow come return join die buy arrive 开始离去 借来还 出生入死 买到家 before after 表一点 ago later 表一段 3 before 能接完成时 ago 过去极有限 since 以来 during 间 since 时态多变换 与之相比 beside 除了 last but one 作业 精少 书面与识记部分均要求有 41 you your e mails today Not yet There s something wrong with my computer A Have checked B Did check C Do check D Are checking 42 How do you like Beijing Mr Smith Oh I such a beautiful city before A don t visit B didn t visit C haven t visited D hadn t visited 43 Tom may I borrow your book Chicken Soup Sorry I it to Mary A lent B have lent C had lent D lend 44 Mum may I go out to play football you your homework yet A Have finished B Do finished C Are finishing D Did finish 45 The train is leaving right now but David hasn t arrived yet Well he said he here on time A came B will be C would come D can be 46 Why didn t you go to the cinema yesterday Because I the film before A had seen B have seen C have watched D has watched 47 I don t think John saw me He a book at that moment A just read B has just read C was just reading D had just read 48 Mr Smith a book about China last year but I don t know whether he has finished it A has written B wrote C had written D was writing 49 Mr White the newspaper while his daughter TV A has read was watching B was reading watched C was reading was watching D reading watched 50 I you at the meeting Why I was ill A saw B have seen C not see D didn t see 51 The 29th Olympic Games in Beijing in 2008 A hold B will hold C will be held D held 52 Hurry up The play for ten minutes A has been on B has begun C had begun D began 53 May I speak to Mr Smith Sorry he Australia But he in two days A has been to will come back B has gone to will be back C has been in would come back D is leaving for doesn t come back 54 I can t go to the theater tonight because I my ticket A have lost B had lost C will lose D was losing 55 What a nice bike How long you it Just two weeks A have bought B did buy C have had D are having 56 I m sorry to have kept you waiting Oh not at all I here only for a few minutes 5 A have come B had been C was D have been 57 my dictionary anywhere Yes I saw it on your desk a moment ago A Did you see B If you see C Had you seen D Would you see 58 We were all surprised when he mad it clear that he office soon A leaves B would leave C will leave D had left 59 Mrs Smith her keys in the office so she had to wait until her husband home A has left comes B left had come C had left would come D had left came 60 What did your son say in the letter He told me that he the Disneyland the next day A would visit B has visit C is going to visit D will visit 61 In some parts of the world tea with milk and sugar A is serving B is served C serves D served 62 Did you win the basketball game Bad luck Our team in the end A won B beat C was won D was beaten 63 I believe that those mountains with trees in a few years A are covered B will be covered C are covering D will cover 64 I like my new bike It very well A rides B is riding C is ridden D has ridden 65 Do you think this kind of apple well No I don t think so A have sold B sells C are sold D would sell 66 I wasn t at home yesterday I to help with the harvest on the farm A asked B was asked C was asking D had asked 67 How sweet the music I have never heard a better piece A sounded B is sounded C is sounded to be D sounds 68 Can you tell me whom the play in 1998 Sorry I don t know A was written by B was written C is written by D is written 69 What does the sentence Don t trouble trouble till trouble you mean Sorry I have no idea A trouble B troubles C troubled D will trouble 70 Do you think an English film tomorrow night A there is B there is going to have C there is going to be D there was 71 Almost all the water gone Please save water A are B is C have D were 72 Jane a new dress every month when she was in Shanghai A buys B is buying C bought D will buy 73 Who jumps the farthest in your school Henry A does B jumps C has D did 74 You were on the farm yesterday you A didn t B don t C aren t D weren t 75 Li Ping studied hard he A was B did C wasn t D didn t 76 Both Kate and I ready for the picnic now A is not B is getting C are getting D am getting 77 A talk on Chinese history in the school hall next week A is given B has been given C will be given D will give 78 I hear your father to Japan once Yes He there last year 1 A went has been B has been went C goes went D has been has been 79 Mike wants to know if a picnic tomorrow Of course But if it we ll visit the m