土木工程专业英语

精品文档就在这里-各类专业好文档，值得你下载，教育，管理，论文，制度，方案手册，应有尽有-Key Words and Phrases1. public agency 公共机构2. private sector 私营机构3. speculative housing market 投机性住宅市场4. professional services 专业服务5. from cradle to grave 从头到尾6. knowledge domain 知识领域7. conceptual planning 概念规划8. feasibility study 可行性研究9. preliminary design 初步设计10. detailed engineering design 详细设计/施工图设计11. construction plans and specification 施工方案和技术细则12. procurement and construction 采购与施工13. completion of construction 竣工14. operation and maintenance 运营与维护15. project delivery 项目交付16. project delivery method 项目交付模式17. cash flow 现金流18. regardless of 不论19. contractual arrangement 合同安排20. institutional arrangemetn 制度安排21. market demands 市场需求22. with the exception of 除以外23. real estate developer 房地产开发商24. be viewed as 被看作25. regard as 把当作26. turn over to 把移交给27. from the viewpoint of/from the perspective of 从角度来看，28. in some forms of 以形式29. in order to/so as to 目标是，便于30. because of 由于.，31. inspite of 尽管，32. depend on 取决于33. be concerned with 关注34. as well as. ，也35. be interested in 对感兴趣36. for the purpose of 为目的，37. general contractor 总承包商38. specialty contractor 专业承包商39. material and equipment supplier 材料、设备供应商40. labor subcontractor 劳务分包商41. installation contractor 安全承包商42. financial planning consultant 融资策划顾问43. architectural and engineering firms 建筑/设计咨询顾问公司44. design/construct firms 设计/建造公司45. professional construction managers 专业施工管理单位46. operation and maintenance managers 运营维护管理单位47. facilities management 设施管理48. residential housing construction 住宅建筑工程49. single-family house 单体住宅50. multi-family dewelling 多户住宅51. high-rise apartment 高层公寓52. be familiar with 对熟悉53. serve as 充当54. take charge 负责55. at the low end of the market 在低端市场56. a great variety of 多种类型的57. in comparison with 与比较58. in part 部分地59. in the local market 在本地市场60. be involved in 参与61. prefer to 喜好，倾向于62. construction industry 建筑业63. competitive bidding 竞争性招/投标64. value engineering 价值工程65. certificated public accounting 注册会计师66. instead of 代替67. at the expense of 以作为代价68. in particular 特别是，69. make use of 利用70. phased construction 阶段法施工71. project duration/schedule 项目工期72. rely on 依赖于73. on the basis of 在基础上74. institutional and commercial building construction 工业和商业建筑工程75. specialized industrial construction 特殊工业建筑76. infrastructure and heavy construction 基础设施和重大工程77. Project management 项目管理78. mission-oriented 目标导向79. corporation management 企业管理80. profit-oriented 利润导向81. project integration management 项目整体管理82. project scope management 项目范围管理83. project time management 项目时间管理84. project cost management 项目成本管理85. project quality management 项目质量管理86. project human resource management 项目人力资源管理87. project communication management 项目沟通管理88. project risk management 项目风险管理89. project procurement management 项目采购管理90. Project life cycle 项目生命周期91. be distinguished from 从区别开来92. computer-based information system 基于计算机的信息系统93. linear programming 线性规划94. network analysis 网络分析95. Project organization 项目组织96. functional organization 职能式组织97. matrix organization 矩阵式组织98. Project key success factors (KSF) 项目成功要素99. close relationship between design and construction 设计、施工之间的紧密关系100. be represented by 具有代表性的是101. make the design a physical realitymake A B 将设计图纸转化为实物使A成为B102. be unique to 对来说是独一无二的103. keepin mind 将牢记于心104. in the early stage of 在的初期阶段105. project life cycle 项目生命周期106. peculiar to. 特定于107. in an integrated system 在整个系统中108. from an viewpoint of 从角度来看109. be rewarded for 因得到报酬110. constructability 施工可行性 accordingly 相应地111. on the other hand 另一方面112. shop drawing 施工详图113. take the view that 认为114. be involved in 介入115. be aware of意识到 be unaware of 未意识到116. take responsibility for 对负责117. unforeseen subsurface conditions 不可预见的地下状况118. site investigation 现场调查119. elect to 选择120. nominated subcontractor 指定的分包商121. turnkey method “交钥匙”模式122. prequalification 资格预审 bid 招标，标书123. bidding document 招标文件124. whats more 另外125. be characterized by 被归纳为126. be applied to 被应用到127. conceptual planning 概念设计128. functional design 功能设计129. detailed design 详细设计130. structural design 结构设计131. facility design 设施设计132. in general 一般说来133. be described as follows 被描述为：134. be decomposed into 被分解为 135. be integrated into. 被集成、整合为136. depend on factors such as 取决于一些因素，例如137. top-down design 从上至下的设计138. bottom-top design 从下至上的设计139. in the form of 以形式140. optimization methods 优化方法141. treat as 把当作142. according to/ in accordance to 依据 143. serve as 充当144. associated with 与一致的145. be based on 建立在的基础上146. in order to 以便，目的是147. construction planning 施工计划148. monitoring and control 监督和控制149. technical feasibility 技术可行性150. construction operations 施工作业151. eitheror 要么，要么152. leadership and motivation 领导与激励153. performance analysis 技术性能分析154. job-site labor productivity 现场劳动生产率155. base labor productivity 基准劳动生产率156. labor productivity index 劳动生产率指数157. over a period of time 在一定期间内158. be defined as 被定义为159. in advance 提前160. tend to 倾向于161. in addition to 除之外162. play an important role in 在方面发挥重要作用163. productive labor yield 有效劳动产出164. on the basis of 在基础上165. feedback and control 反馈与控制166. Requisition, bids and quotations, purchase orders and subcontracts, shipping and receiving documents, invoices需求，招标或询价，购买指令或分包，运输和接收文件，发货167. under ordinary circumstances 在通常情况下168. be classified as 被归类为169. bulk materials 大宗材料170. standard off-the-shelf materials 标准现货材料171. fabricated members and units 预制构件172. excavation and loading 挖掘和装卸173. compacting and grading 碾压和平整174. drilling and blasting 钻孔和爆破175. lifting and erecting 提升和安装176. mixing and paving 搅拌和铺设177. Be decomposed into 被分解为178. At various level of 在不同层面179. Unit cost 单价180. Bill of quantities 工程量清单181. Be applicable to 对适用182. Both and 和二者都183. Design estimate 设计估算184. Preliminary estimate 初步估算（初步设计概算）185. Detailed estimate 详细估算（施工图预算）186. Engineers estimate 工程师估算187. Bid estimate 投标估算188. Even though/if 即使189. Subcontractor quotation 分包商询价190. Quantity takeoff 工程量估算191. Construction procedure 施工工序192. As the basis of 作为的依据193. Such as 例如194. Base on 在.基础上195. Factored estimate 系数法估价196. Unit cost method 单价法197. Processing plant 加工厂198. Cost index 成本指数199. Price index 价格指数200. Serve as 充当201. To some degree 一定程度上202. Gross Domestic Product (GDP) 国内生产总值203. Gross National Product (GNP) 国民生产总值204. Consumer price index (CPI) 消费价格指数205. Engineering New Record (ENR) 工程新闻记录206. Input price 投入价格207. Output price 产出价格208. Construction input factors 建筑投入要素209. Construction output 建筑产出210. Locational index 本地价格指数211. Economic evaluation 经济评价212. Social rate of discount 社会折现率213. Sensitivity 灵敏度214. Investment consideration 投资分析215. Planning horizon 规划周期216. Decision maker 决策者217. Project alternative 备选项目218. Cash flow profile 现金流分布形态219. Opportunity cost 机会成本220. Net annual cash flow 年净现金流221. Financial investment 金融投资222. Capital project 资本项目223. Minimum attractive rate of return 最低收益率224. Socially desirable programs 社会公益项目225. The office of management and budget 财政部门226. Government agency 政府部门227. Profit measure 盈利能力测度228. Private corporation 私人公司，民营公司229. Public agency 公共机构230. Net benefit 净收益231. Negative （数或值）负数的232. Net Present Value 净限制233. Net future value 净终值234. Annual net value 净年值235. Capital recovery factor 资本回收系数236. Benefit cost ratio 成本收益率237. Saving-to-investment ratio 存款投资比率238. Internal rate of return 内部收益率239. Return on investment 投资回收率240. Payback period 投资回收期241. Project finance 项目融资242. Financing 融资243. Revenue 收入244. Expenditure 支出245. Payment 支付246. Reimbursement 偿还247. Account 账户 bank account 银行账户248. Receipt 收据，收到249. Mortgage 抵押250. Overdraft 透支251. Interest charge 收取利息，费用252. Solvency 清偿253. Net cash flow 净现金流量254. Positive cash balance 正现金结余255. Negative cash balance 负现金结余256. Financing options 融资方式257. Bond underwriter 债券认购者258. In a general level 一般说来259. Corporate financing 企业融资260. Capital investment 资本投资261. In essence 实质上262. Financing arrangement 融资安排263. Make use of 利用264. Some forms of 某种形式的265. In the recent years 在近几年266. Design-build-operate （BOT） 设计-建造-运营267. Design-bid-build（DBB） 传统模式（设计-招标-施工）268. Design-build（DB） 设计-建造269. Construction management（CM） 建设管理/施工管理270. Engineering-procurement-construction（EPC） 设计-采购-施工271. Project management（PM） 项目管理咨询顾问272. Project management contracting（PMC） 项目管理承包273. Partnering 伙伴关系274. Project controlling 项目总控275. Institutional arrangement 制度安排276. Contract agreement 合同协议277. Municipal project 市政项目278. Tax exempt bond 免税债券279. Low interest loan 低息贷款280. Retained earning 留存收益，保留盈余281. Private corporation 民营公司282. Stock 股票283. Insurance 保险284. Quasi-governmental corporation 国营公司285. Real estate investment trusts（REITs） 房地产信托（基金）286. Pension 养老基金287. Public project 公共项目288. Financial market 金融市场289. Security 担保，有价证券290. Tangible asset 有形资产291. Intangible asset 无形资产292. Reserve 准备金，违约金293. Loan security 贷款担保294. Bondholder 债券持有人295. Unforseen expense 不可预见费用296. Joint venture 合资公司，联营体297. Tax receipt 税收298. General revenue bond 联邦政府债券299. As a result 作为一个结果300. As a general principle 作为一个基本原则301. For some reason 由于某些原因302. Unfinished facility 未完工建筑303. A lengthy period of 长期的.304. Decision making 决策305. General capital budgeting 总资本金预算306. Interest rate 利率307. Credit risk 信用风险308. Momentary shortfall 暂时短缺309. Transportation facility 交通设施310. Contract price 合同价格311. Cost overrun 成本超支312. Competitive bidding 竞争性招/投标313. Legal documents 法律文件314. Qualified contractor 有资格的承包商315. Lump sum contract 总价合同316. Unit price contract 单价合同317. Cost plus fixed percentage contract 成本加固定百分比合同318. Cost plus fixed fee contract 成本加固定费用合同319. Cost plus variable percentage cost 成本加浮动费用合同320. Target estimate contract 目标估算合同321. Guaranteed maximum cost contract 保证最大价合同322. Contract provisions 合同条款323. Additional provisions 附加条款324. Risk allocation 风险分摊325. Force majeurre 不可抗力326. Liquidated damages 先约赔偿金327. Consequential