一个完整状态於生理

HealthyLifestyle DavidTsangCenterforPromotingScienceEducationFacultyofScienceandDepartmentofBiochemistry CUHK HEALTH WHOdefinition Astateofcompletephysical socialandmentalwell being andnotmerelytheabsenceofdiseaseorinfirmity 一個完整狀態於生理 心理社交及精神三方面的健康 不單只是沒有病痛或衰弱 HealthisaPOSITIVEconcept正面的概念 PERSONALresponsibilitiesDUTYtofellowbeings surroundings environmentTobeHEALTHYistobeinastateofHOMEOSTASISwithone ssurrounding 一種個人的環境與其體內平衡的狀態 FACTORSAFFECTINGHEALTH ILLNESS HEALTH OutsideFactors外在因素 InherentFactors內在因素 OutsideFactors外在因素 Occupation職業 SocialClass社會地位 Habitat棲息地 Environment環境 Stress壓力 Education教育 Nutrition營養 Habits Lifestyle習慣 生活模式 DeterminantsofHealth Example ClassGenderAgeEthnicity HousingEnvironmentAccesstohealthservice NutritionSmokingPhysicalactivitiesPsychologicalfactors CholesterolBloodObesity CoronaryHeartDisease Keysocialstratificationfactors Environmentalfactors Lifestylefactors Physiologicalfactors FollowstheportionsofthefoodpyramidEatsthreeregularbalancedmeals toavoidhunger Haslessprocessedfoods containadditives Eatsavarietyoffoods toobtainallnutrients Drinksplentyofwater toremovewastes Givesyouahealthyweightifyouexerciseregularly Somecharacteristicsofabalanceddiet Stresstheimportanceofeach WeshouldtrytoPromoteoptimalhealthandPreventdiseases Eatingabalanceddietisnotenough NOTjustmeetsnutritionalneeds Stress Howdogoodeatinghabitsleadtogoodhealth Howdopooreatinghabitsleadtohealthproblems Goodhabitsareeasilyformedduringchildhood adolescent Eatinghabits Activity Why Canwechangetheirhabits WeshouldnoteattoomuchWeshouldnoteattoomuchfattyfoodsWhyisexcessenergystoredasfat Somepuzzles Metabolismofcarbohydrates fatsandproteins CarbohydratesFatsProteinsa amylaselipasesproteasesMonosaccharidesFattyacidsAminoacids Fatsynthesis Excesscalories ATPproductionviaTCAcycle AcetylcoenzymeA Commonintermediate Whyisexcessenergystoredasfat Afat lipid moleculecontainsmoreenergyfat carbohydrateis8 6ATPSpecialcellstostorefat fatcells CHOratioandenergycontents Yourdeductionis Activity WHY Differentlifestyles Economicdevelopment BODYMASSINDEX BMI 體重指數18 5 22 9 normal 23 24 9 overweight 25 29 9 moderatelyobese Men 0 9andWomen 0 8aresafeIMAGING成像技術 WHOfiguresforASIANS Bodyfatdistributionmeasuredby Whichismoreaccurateandreliable MainareasoffatStorage WomenBreastsWaistHipsButtocksMenChestAbdomenButtocks Causesofobesity OvereatingEnergy richdietsLackofexerciseGenetics leptin Metabolic endocrinedisorders Psychological Social stress anorexianervosa bulimianervosa Encourageyourstudentstofindthereasonsandsupportingevidence CoronaryHeartDisease冠心病Highbloodpressure高血壓Stroke中風Diabetes糖尿病HighCholesterollevel高膽固醇Obstructivesleepapnoea睡眠窒息症SometypesofCancer colon breast 某些癌症 直腸癌 乳癌 Arthritis Backpain關節炎及背痛Gallstones膽石Lowself esteem心理問題 低自我形像 OBESITYASSOCIATEDDISEASES超重及過度肥胖的人仕容易患上之疾病 OBESITY肥胖症 AnescalatingproblemHONGKONG1995 96males 5 4 obese i e BMI 30 females 7 2002males 41 7 obesefemales 40 Coronaryheartdisease1995males 12 females 8 2002males 68 females 38 4 Why 藥物有 副作用 Sideeffects 不可亂 食 依指示服用 Accordingtoinstruction Takedrugs Appetitelowering Metabolism Absorption BodySlimming Therecipeforeffectiveweightlossisacombinationofmotivation physicalactivity andabalanceddietpluscalorierestrictionFindasupportsystem friends supportgroups family Asuggestedweightreductionmethod Exercise Rest Exercise 30min why 30min utilizefats Caloricexpenditurefordifferentphysicalactivities 細胞能有效地進行再生過程能排走細胞的代謝廢物能迅速回復體力增強身體的免疫水平影響生長激素的分泌週期 青少年 減輕精神壓力 休息對健康的好處 運動的好處 運動能增強體適能 這包括 促進心血管的健康增加肺容量增強肌肉強度及持久力消耗體內多餘脂肪 有助控制適當的體重維持肌肉骨骼的柔軟度和堅韌促進精神健康 Mentalhealth drugaddiction MentaldisordersandDrugabuse CentralNervousSystemControlsallactivitiesinourbody liketheCPUofacomputer Brain Spinalcord Structures Brain Spinalcord Functions Brain controlsthinking behaviourSpinalcord Transmitsignalsfromthebraintootherpartsandback Parietallobe movement reasoning memory etc Spinalcord conveymotor sensorymessages Cerebellum modulatemotoractivities etc Occipitallobe vision etc Temporallobe memory speech etc Frontallobe cognition judgment speech thinking writing etc BrainFunction Differentareasperformdifferentfunctions 突觸裂隙 突觸前細胞 突觸後細胞 Neurons神經細胞 細胞核 軸索 突 Note Neuronsarenotindirectcontactwithoneanother Axon Synapticcleft Nucleus Pre synapticneuron Post synapticneuron Anyfactorthataffectsneurotransmissionmayleadtobehavioralchanges MentalHealth CommunityRelatedHealthProblems ACUHKstudyin1999targeting26 000secondaryandprimarystudentsfound12 hadpsychologicalandemotionalproblems 14 hadsuicidalideasinthepastAbout20 ofschoolchildrenenrolledin2002intheStudentHealthServiceschemewerefoundtohave psychosocialproblems Anotherstudy 60 ofyoungmalesof16yearsandoverhadsmokingexperienceand48 forfemales 37 ofchildrenstudiedcommencedsmokingatageof10yearsDrugabuseproblemamongyoungpersonsisalsoincreasing Mentalhealth Classification NeurosisAnorexia Bulimianervosa PsychosisSchizophreniaDepressionManiacdepressionAlzheimerdisease Dementia Parkinson sdisease Anorexia Bulimianervosa CausesofMentalDisorders Inheritance not100 BraindamageDiseasesInjuriesEnvironmentalfactorsStressesPollutants Chemicals SocialrelationshipEmotionalOthers Imbalance s ofaneurotransmitter s indifferentpartsofthebrain Symptoms Question Arestudentsrequiredtoknowallsymptomsofamentaldisorder Source Wong D F K 2000 Socio economicchangesandmentalhealth SettinganewagendaforpreventionstrategiesinHongKong InternationalJournalofPsychosocialRehabilitation 4 111 134 Percentage DistributionofTypesofPresentingProblemsbyAgeofCallersofthe97 98Sample df 4 P 0 05 P 0 01 P 0 001 Why DrugAbuse Scientificissues Howdodrugsaffectbehaviour Whataretheeffectsofdrugabuse Whydosomepeopleusedrugs Doabusersdisplayanyabnormalsignsofhabits Wedonotuse drugs whyshouldwestudy Drugabuse Yourstudents Socialproblems CausesheavyfinanciallossinsocietyRapidincreaseindrugabusersrecentlyRelatedtoorganizedcrimeortriadsocietyactivities PathLeadingtoAddiction 成癮 Experimentaluse試探性使用Socialuse社交性使用Episodicabuse偶發性使用 Tolerance耐藥性增加Addiction成癮 Otheraddictions Internet gambling NumberofPersonsArrestedforDrugOffences Year PersonsArrested Whataremajorandminoroffence ActivitiesinClass Whywasthereanincreaseindrug relatedoffencesin1994 1996 Whytherewasadropfrom1997 2000 Sources HongKongNarcoticsReportCentralRegistryofDrugAbuseDrugInformationCentre NarcoticsDivision http www nd gov hk druginfo htm EffectofMulti drugs Depressant Stimulant XXX MuchGreaterEff