河南中考英语选词填空试题解题指导.doc

河南中考英语选词填空试题解题指导默认分类 2009-11-20 19:36:18 阅读290 评论0 字号：大中小订阅 选词填空型“完形填空”是指把一篇文章的关键词语挖空，词序打乱，让学生根据短文内容选择正确的词语填空。此类题型主要是要求学生在正确理解和把握文章的基础上通过分析行文线索来填写空缺单词的一种考查形式。要完成好这类题，做到事半功倍，需要掌握一定的方法与技巧。 1统览全局，把握大意。要填的单词肯定是在一定的语言环境中才能确定。只有了解了短文的大意，把握了全局才能主导方向，从而有助于正确理解空缺词所在的句子，缩小词的选择范围。 2根据语法，判定词性。一般的空缺都可以通过其所在的句式结构和句法成分来判断其词性。进一步缩小词的选择范围,从而正确地选词。 3利用语境，确定词形。当确定了一个单词的词性后可通过上下文来帮助判断其形式。如动词的人称数、时态、语态、不定式、动词的-ing形式；名词的数和所有格；代词的各种形式及单复数；形容词、副词的比较级以及基数词、序数词的转换形式等。 4复读全文，验正答案。填完单词后，不可孤立地逐个检查词，而必须将所有填入的词代入文章中，复读全文，仔细检查所填词是否符合文章的情景内容，读起来是否流畅，是否合乎句法，单词拼写是否有误，单词形式是否正确等。发现问题及时更正。通过再读全文，很可能利用语感将个别特别难的空处顺口“读”出来。 举例分析 先阅读短文，掌握其大意。然后从方框中所给的词中选出最恰当的10个，并用其适当形式填空，每个词限用一次。 French, same, words, Chinese, example, many, why, great, much,what, another, tell Languages change with time and the world. So does English. New _1_ are borrowed from other languages. About nine hundred years ago there were _2_ changes in England. A great _3_ words were borrowed into English from _4_. About five hundred years ago there was _5_ change. This time it was a change in pronunciation(发音), but the spelling was not _6_ changed. English words are spelled quite the _7_ as they were in those days. The spelling shows how words were spoken at that time. It does not _8_ us much about the pronunciation of words today. For _9_, the letters “gh” in the word “night” show us nothing about how it is spoken now. Thats _10_ students learning English find English spelling so confusing（容易弄混淆的）. 答案简析 通过阅读，我们知道这是一篇关于英语词汇和读音的演变。1. words。意思是“一些新的词汇是借用于其他语言”。 2. great。“巨大的变化”为great change。 3. many。words为可数名词的复数形式，用many修饰。 4. French。从前文were borrowed into English from可知应填French(法语)。 5. another。大约500年前，英语又发生了变化。 6. much。英语发音虽然有了变化，但拼写没有太多的变化。 7. same。拼写还是和原来相同。 8. tell。前一句用shows，很显然，此处应用tell表示“告诉”。 9. example。这里是在举例子。For example意为“例如”。 10. why。由于英语在拼写方面没有太大的变化，而在读音上发生了变化。这就是学英语的学生拼写容易出错的原因。Exercise：A：先阅读短文，掌握其大意，然后从方框中所给的词或词组中选出最恰当的10个，并用其适当的形式填空，每个词基词组只能用一次。（每小题1分） wear, to celebrate, make, way, mean, hard， to remember,soldier, kind, birthday, teacher, sea, Have you ever seen more than 500,000 flowers together? Its 1_ to think of, you may say. But In October ,you can see that many or even more flowers in Beijing! In Tiananmen Square, you can see big fountains(喷泉) and more than 300,000 pots(盆)of red and yellow flowers around them! Parks in Beijing are also a 2 of flowers. There are all kinds of things 3 of flowers including a dragon and even the Great Wall. All the flowers are 4 the 55th National Day of the Peoples Republic of China, The National Day is a day 5 the start of a country. In some countries, it is called the Independence Day(独立节).People in different countries celebrate their National Day in different 6 . In China, the National Day 7 a long seven-day holiday. People can have a rest from work and travel around .For some important years, Like the 50th birthday of the country, there are big 8 parades(游行) in Tiananmen Square. In France, National Day is July 14th.On that day, the president of country will watch a soldiers parade in Paris. French people get together in cafes to enjoy holiday music and food. The Independence Day of the US is on July 4th.In that day it became independent from Britain. Most Americans celebrate the day with family and friends. They have picnics and watch fireworks shows. Greek people 9 their national dress on their National Day on March 25.Flags fly everywhere. People go to church in the morning. However, in some countries like Britain, some people dont think the national day is important. The National Day of Britain is the Queens 10 in June, but not many people celebrate it.B：短文填空，从下面方框中选出10个单词，用它们的适当形式填入短文空格内，使短文意思正确、通顺。（注意：每词限用一次，其中有两词多余）feel ,give ,turn,work ,help ,waiter ,thing ,nearly ,he ,only ,else, one. A woman was eating in a restaurant. She asked the waiter to do many (1) _for her. Now she was (2) _the waiter a lot of trouble. (3) _, she asked the waiter to turn on the air conditioner（空调）because she (4) _too hot. Then she asked him to (5) _it off because she was too cold. This went on and on for (6) _half an hour. But the waiter was very kind and (7) _ .He did everything the woman asked (8) _ to do without getting angry. Finally, someone (9) _ in the restaurant asked why the (10) _ didnt just throw the woman out. “Oh, I dont care.” the waiter said, Smiling. “We dont even have an air conditioner.”C： call , swim , anything , clever , bear , can , his , give , girl , something , read , take Many years ago , there was a family _1_ Franklin . They lived in Boston . There were five _2_ and six boys in the family . On a January day in 1760 , another baby boy _3_ . They boys mother and his father _4_ the boy a name Benjamin . Benjamin was the _5_ of all the children . He could read when he was five and he _6_ write by the time he was seven . When he was eight he was sent to school . In school Benjamin had been good at _7_ and writing but not good at maths . He read all of _8_ fathers books . And whenever （每当）he had a little money , he bought a book with it . He liked books . They told him how to do _9_ . At that time he invented the paddles （脚蹼）for _10_ .D：need , animal , I , put , make , except , find , end , look , since , little , enough Let me tell you a story . A good friend of _1_ lives with six hundred animals on an island . Ever _2_ he left school , he has travelled all over the world _3_ for animals for his own zoo . He writes books about his travels , and about his wonderful _4_ . The money for his books helps him to pay for all the animal food . My friend told me that when he was looking for water last week (There is not enough water on the island , though there is a lot all around it ) , he _5_ oil （石油） . He _6_ money for his travels and for his zoo , and a little oil would buy _7_ water for a long time , but he knows that if he tells anybody else about it , it will be the _8_ of his zoo and his lifes work . So I think he will not tell anybody _9_ you and me about what he found because oil and water cant _10_ together . Oil may bring greater trouble to his animals than not having enough water . Do you think so ?E：先阅读短文，掌握其大意.然后从方框中所给的词中选出最恰当的10个，并用其适当形式填空，每个次限用一次。（每小题1分）Leaf, then ,large ,learn ,ones, grow ,Thick ,has, mean ,first, easy ,begin . Everybody loves oranges .They are sweet and juicy. Theyre in sections, so it is 1 to eat them. Some or anges do not have any seeds. Some have a 2 skin, and some have a thin skin. The orange tree is beautiful .It has a lot of shiny green 3 The small white flowers smell very sweet. An orange tree 4 flowers and fruit at the same time. There were orange trees twenty million years ago .The oranges were very small, not like the 5 today. The orange tree probably came from China. Many different kinds of wild oranges 6 in China today. The Chinese started to raise(栽培) orange treees about 4,400 years ago. Farmers in other parts of Asia and the Middle East 7 to raise oranges from the chinese . 8 they ta