新目标八年级上册各单元重要知识点

Unit 1 How often do you exercise?1. hardly 几乎不，几乎没有eg:The twins hardly watch TV on weekdays.Hardly形式上是由hard后加ly 构成，但并非hard的副词形式，hard 本身既可作形容词也可作副词，意为“努力地” eg: My sister works hard.2. On weekends在周末，通常用于一般现在时中，一般指Saturday、Sunday, eg:I dont work on weekends.3.看电影go to the movies=go to the films/cinema4.How often用来提问某个动作个多久发生一次How soon“还有多久才.”一般用于将来时态，回答用in引导的时间状语How long“（延续）多长时间”回答用带有for或since 的时间状语How many times用来提问做某事的次数，意思是“多少次”回答用once,twice等5.辨析sometimes,sometime,some times,some timesometimes意为有时重点：Sometime是副词，表示在过去或将来的某个时候，指的是时间点，用语过去或将来时，对它的提问用when.eg:When will you come back? Sometime later next month.Some times是名词短语，意为几次几倍，对它提问用how many times。eg：He has been to Shanghai some times.(1) Some time是名词短语，表示“一些时间、一段时间”，指时间段。eg:I will be away for some time.6.active 活跃的，积极的记住：be active in 在某方面表现积极，eg:Lei Feng was always active in helping others.；take an active part in 积极参加，7.as for 至于，关于8.a result of sth什么的结果9. want to do sth. 想要做某事 want sb. to do sth. 想要某人干某事ask sb. to do sth. 叫某人做某事 tell sb. to do sth. 告诉某人去做某事 help sb. (to) do sth. 帮助某人做某事10. be good for 表示“对有益（有好处）” 其反义为：be bad for 对有害/无益相关短语：be good to 对好 be good at=do well in 擅长 be good with 和相处的好11. try to do sth. 尽量/尽力做某事 try doing sth 尝试做某事12. look after 照顾 = take care of 13. be the same as / be different from 与一样/与不同 She looks the same as her sister. 她看起来跟她的妹妹很像。14. kind of = a little 有点儿 修饰形容词 a kind of 一种 kinds of 许多种15. a lot A lot of = lots of = many/ much 许多16. keep + 形容词 表保持某种状态 Keep quiet! The baby is sleeping. keep 还可以加动词ing 形式，表示让某人一直做某事 keep sb doing sth17That sounds interesting.这是“主语+系动词+表语”结构的简单句。sound（听起来），look（看起来），smell（闻起来），taste（尝起来），feel（觉得），seem（好象），grow（变得） ,get（变得）等词在英语中可用作系动词，后跟形容词作表语。如：It tastes good. 这味道好。The music sounds very sweet. 这音乐听起来很入耳。The smoke grew heavier and heavier. 烟雾变得越来越浓了。Unit 2 Whats the matter?1Whats the matter= Whats wrong2.I thinks so“我认为如此”。I dont think so 【拓展】有类似用法的动词还有believe，hope等。此外，这些词后接not可表示否定。如：I hope so /not.我希望（不会）这样。 3. 】“Its+形容词（+for sb ）+to do sth”是一个很有用的句型，意思是“（对某人来说）做某事 ”。用于该句型中的形容词有difficult，easy，hard，important等。当形容词是说明事情的时候，用“Its+形容词（+for sb）+to do sth”。当形容词是说明人的品性特征，如kind，nice，clever，smart等。那么就用“Its+形容词（+of sb）+to do sth”如：Its kind of you to help me.（你能帮助我使我很感激 ） 4. notuntil表示“直到才”如：Peter didnt leave until the rain stopped.5. too much 太多的（后接不可数名词） Too many 太多的（后接可数名词）Much too 太。，过于。6. A few +可数名词 少许Few 几乎没有A little +不可数名词 有点儿Little 几乎没有7. 常考enjoy sth. =like sth. (名词)喜欢某物,enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事=like dong sth practice doing sth.练习做某事，mind doing sth. 介意做某事， finish doing sth.完成某事，give up doing sth.放弃做某事， cant help doing sth.忍不住做某事，keep ding sth. 坚持做某事. （keep on doing sth. / keep sb. doing sth. ） be busy doing sth. 忙着做某事 be used to doing sth.习惯于做某事make a contribution to doing sth.为.做贡献 go on doing sth. 继续做某事forget doing sth.忘记做某事 remember doing sth. 记得做某事spend.(in) doing sth. 花（时间）来做某事prefer doing sth.to doing sth.比起（做.）来更愿意（做.） 8.be stressed out 紧张，有压力感，9. at the moment = now 此刻10. enjoy oneself = have a good time = have fun = have a wonderful time 玩得高兴,过得愉快11. lie down and rest 躺下休息12. see a dentist 看牙医13. have/ catch a cold = have got a cold 感冒14. . drink hot tea with honey 喝带有蜂蜜的热茶Unit 3 What are you doing for vacation?1. on vacation 度假2. take walks= talk a walk去散步 3. think about 考虑；思考 think of 想起4. decide on sth decide to do sth 决定 make a decision 做决定5. 注意在表示时间的名词前介词的用法： 在年、月、季节和泛指的一天中的上午、下午、傍晚前用“ in ” . e.g. in 1990; in summer; in the morning; in the afternoon; in the evening 在特指的某天或某天的上午、下午、晚上前用“ on ” . e.g. on a cold morning; on Sunday; on Saturday afternoon; on November 12th 在具体的时刻前用“ at ” . e.g. at half past ten; at 2 oclock 6. leave for （离开）去leave A for B 离开A地去B地Leave 离开7. 计划做，打算做。 plan to do sth8. cant wait to do sth 迫不及待要做某事9. go camping 去野营 go shopping 去买东西go swimming 去游泳 go boating 去划船 10. ask her about her plans 向她询问她的计划 ask sb. for sth. 向某人要什么11. forget to do sth. 忘记要做某事，forget doing sth. 忘记做过某事12. hear of sb./sth.听说过 听人说起 hear from sb.收到的来信13. be famous as 作为而出名 be famous for 因为而出名14. 现在进行时表示将来的用法现在进行时除表示现在外,还可表示将来,常有意图、安排或打算的含义。这种用法比较生动,给人一种期待感。它常表示最近或较近的将来,所使用的动词多是转移动词。如: Im going. 我就要走了。 Were leaving for Beijing tomorrow. 我们明天就去北京。 Unit 4 How do you get to school?一短语归纳1. take the subway to = go to by subway搭地铁. take the subway 乘地铁 .ride a bike 骑自行车 . take the bus乘公共汽车. take the train乘火车 . take a taxi乘坐出租车 . go in a parents car 坐父母的车. by bike, bike bus, by subway, by taxi, by car, by train (乘坐车，放在句尾)5. fromto从到 from his home to school从他家到学校6. have a quick breakfast快速地吃早餐7. leave for school出发去学校8. depend on取决于/依赖/依靠9. the most popular ways/means最流行的方式10. be ill in the hospital生病住院ill和sick 都可作表语 He is ill/sick. 他生病了。但是He is a sick man. 他是一个病人。（sick作定语，此时不能用ill）ill(形容词)：illness（名词）11. worry about sb./sth.担心某人/某事 worry about sb/sth=be worried about .为某人/某事担心12. five minuteswalk步行五分钟的路程13s=It takes sb. some time/money to do sth.=sb. spends some time/money (on sth.)=sb. spends some time/money (in) doing sth.=sth. costs sb. some time/money=sb. pay some money for sth.花费某人多少时间/金钱做某事/某人花费多少金钱/时间做某事14. the/a way(s) of doing 做某事的方法 the/a way(s) to do15.In hospital 表示某人生病住院in the hospital 表示某人在医院工作16. 让某人做某事 have sb. do sth. make sb. do sth. let sb. do sth.Unit 5Can you come to my party?1.the day after tomorrow后天2. come over to从一地方来到另一个地方，过来3. go to the doctor去看病4. have a piano lesson上钢琴课5. have to不得不（客观上） must 不得不（主观上）6. study for a test准备考试7. be free有空儿，有时间8. thank you for / thanks for 后面跟doing sth.9. come over顺便来访 come along一起来 come from来自 come back回来come out出来 come on赶快，来吧come in 进来 come up上来，出现come up with提出，赶上10. help sb with sth .或help sb (to) do sth . eg.11.on Sunday afternoon 一定记得用介词on12Have fun =enjoy oneself=have a good e over 顺便来访14.all day /the whole day 一整天15.the day after tomorrow后天16.invite sb to do sth 邀请某人做某事17.too much 后接不可能名词 too many 后接可数名词 much too 后接形容词18给某人打电话的几种说法：call sb. up, call sb.phone sb., phone to sb.telephone sb. telephone to sb.phone sb. Up ,ring sb.give sb. a ring, give sb. a phonemake a telephone call to sb.19Please keep quiet! 请保持安静, keep+形容词表示“保持某种状态”， keep+(sb.)+doing 表示“（使某人）不停地做某事”，keep sth. 保存某物20try to do sth. 努力（企图）做某事,try doing sth.尝试做某事,try one best to do sth. 尽力做某事21look for 寻找 find 注重找的结果 find out 找到，弄清楚，查明22. too much后跟不可数名词；too many后跟可数名词复数 Much too 后接形容词 （技巧：看最后一个单词！没有many too）Unit 6 Im more outgoing than my sister.1. be good at (常考比较或者最高级be better/the best at)擅长 = do well in (也常考比较级最高级do better in/the best in)2. in some ways 在某些方面3. look the same 看上去一样4.look different 看上去不同5. more than 多于，超过6. between.and. 在.和.之间7. as.as. 和.一样（中间接形容词的原级，不能接比较级和最高级）表示平级比较8. lots of=a lot of 许多, 大量的9. a little 一点儿(记住和little,few, a few的区别)10. the same as 和.相同11. make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事（let ab do; have sb do）12.stay at home 呆在家里13.the photo of mine （属于我的照片） the photo of me (我的照片)14.be important to 对某人很重要15.more information 更多信息 （information 是不可数名词）16.get on well with 和某人相处的很好17. How old 多大年纪 how tall 多高 (tall指人的身高；high 指山等)18. in some ways在某些地方 by the way 顺便问问 in this way 用这种方法19. put up举起，抬起，挂起，张贴，建造；put on穿上，戴上，上演（戏剧）；put down=write down=copy down 写下来； (必须记住！)put out 伸出，扑灭； put away 收起来，收好；put off推迟；20. help others 帮助别人,help each other互相帮助 21. begin with 从开始22. be famous for 因 而著名，因而广为人知； be famous as 作为而知名23. be/feel sorry for sb. 为某事感到同情或难受; be / feel sorry for sth. 因某事感到抱歉或后悔；be sorry to do sth 对做某事赶到抱歉24. make sb. do sth. 让/使某人做某事， 使役动词 let sb do sth/have sb do sth 25. as you can see 正如你所看到的 Unit 7 How do you make a banana milk?1. make a banana smoothie 制作香蕉混合饮料2.peel the bananas 剥香蕉 3. cut up 切碎4.turn on the blender 打开搅拌器 turn off 关 turn up 开大 turn down 关小5. put sth into sth 把什么放入什么东西里面7 two pieces of bread 两片面包 （bread 不可数，用量词来修饰。）8.mix. up 将.混合在一起9.takes turns doing sth, take turns to do sth.=do sth. in turns 轮流做某事10.make faces 作鬼脸make friends with 与交朋友，make a noise吵闹, make mistakes犯错误, make the bed整理床铺, make ones way to往走去, make room for给腾出地方11. its easy to do sth. 做某事容易，its hard (difficult) to do sth.做某事难，Its necessary to do sth.做某事必要12. put sth, in order 将某些东西按顺序排列 13，make a list of 列一个.清单 make faces 作鬼脸make friends with 与交朋友make a noise吵闹, make mistakes犯错误, （必须记住！）make the bed整理床铺 make ones way to往走去, make room for给腾出地方13. its easy to do sth. 做某事容易its hard (difficult) to do sth.做某事难， （句型：it is +adj+to do sth）Its necessary to do sth.做某事必要 Unit 8 How was your school trip?1.take photos 照相，拍照2.hang out with sb. 和某人闲逛3.win a prize 获奖（金）4.have a great time 玩得高兴5.take the bus back to school乘公共汽车回学校6.at the end of在的尽头 in the end 最后（注意：绝对不能用in the end of）7. thanks for doing sth. 感谢某人做了某事8.day off 休假9.a movie called 一部叫.的电影，记得是用called10.take part in 参加（一般指参加活动运动会等，起到了一定的作用） Join 参加（一般指参加党，组织，队，是成为其中一员）11.at the age of four 在四岁的时候12.win the first prize得了第一名13.play table tennis 打乒乓球 （记住:球类，一日三餐都不加冠词the,乐器要加the）14. cant help doing sth.忍不住做某事 与 cant wait to do sth 迫不及待的做某事 （一定要记住，区别！）15. talk about =talk over谈论某事talk to =talk with 和某人交谈 give a talk 作报告 have a talk to (with) sb.与某人谈话 Unit 9 When was he born?1. ping-pong player 乒乓球运动员 2. soccer player 足球运动员3. start/stop hiccupping 开始/停止打嗝 注意：stop +doing 和stop +to do 4. too to 太而不能 so.that 如此以至于 5. write music 谱写曲子 6. a movie star 电影明星 7. learn to 学习做某事 8. start learning English开始学英语 start doing sth 9. a loving grandfather慈爱的祖父 10. spend all ones free time with sb.与某人一起度过了所有的业余时间 11 major in 主修，专修12. a famous violinist 著名的小提琴手 Be famous as 作为.而出名 be famous for 以.而出名 13. ice skating滑冰 14. a kind and loving grandmother和蔼而慈爱的祖母 A kind of 一种 kinds of 许多种 kind of 有点儿（后接形容词）15. a skating champion 滑冰冠军 16. the famous Chinese pianist中国著名的钢琴演奏家 17. a small boy(girl)孩提时期 18. at the age of=when years old在岁时19. take part in参加、加入 20. begin to learn the accordion开始学习手风琴 21. major in 主修，专修 22leave for动身去 和leave 意思相反23. because of 因为、由于 后接单词或者词组 because 后接句子24. table tennis 乒乓球运动25. world record 世界记录26. national team国家队27. be born 出生 （用被动态）28. how long多久，多长时间29. at the age of在年龄时30. 年龄表达方法 （1）用基数词表达年龄，可以加上.years old three years old. （2）用when引导的从句 when I was three（years old） （3）at the age of 基数词 at the age of three （4）基数词-year-old three-year-old，注意这种表达常作定语 如a three-year-old boy. 本身就表达“.的”意思unit 10 Im going to be a basketball player【应掌握的词组】1. grow up 长大，成长 2. be going to do 表示主观打算、准备或有信心做某事 （注意和will表示将来做比较）4. computer programmer 电脑程序设计人 5. baseball player 棒球运动员 6. take acting lessons上演技课 7. somewhere等不定代词+形容词 （形容词放不定代词之后） 8. sound like 听起来像9. part-time 兼职的,full-time 全职的，全日制的 10. a year or two 一两年=one or two years;11 an hour or two=one or two hours一两个小时 （记住！）12.a day or two=one or two days一两天 13. my dream job我梦想的工作 14. what I want to do 我想做的事情 15. somewhere interesting有趣的地方 16. a reporter for fashion magazine 时装杂志记者 17. save some money 积蓄一些钱，攒钱 18. at the same time与此同时 19. hold art exhibition举办美术展览 20. all over the world全世界，世界各地 21. somewhere quiet and beautiful 安静而美丽的地方 22. send sth. to sb. 将某物发送给某人23. Im not sure yet我还没有定下来 24. the Olympic Games=the Olympics奥运会 25. New Years resolutions新年的决心 26. play an instrument 弹一种乐器 27. get a part-time job找到一份兼职工作 28. get good grades获得好成绩 29.communicate with sb.与某人交流 30. keep fit 保持身体健康 31. make ones resolution 表决心 32. the exchange students留学生 33. have a welcome party 召开一个欢迎会 （用动词have!）Unit 11 Could you please clean your room?1. could you please do你能吗？/请你干.好吗？（后接动词原形！） 2. do the dishes 洗餐具3. sweep the floor清扫地板 4. take out the trash倒垃圾 5. make ones bed铺床 6. fold ones clothes叠衣服 7. clean the living room 清扫客厅 8. stay out late晚归 9. his fathers reason他父亲的理由 10. get a ride搭车 11. use ones computer 使用某人的电脑 12. hate sth./to do sth.讨厌某事/做某事13. do the laundry=do some washing=wash clothes