英语(新课标人教版)高中必修一_Unit4_Language_points

Unit4Earthquake LanguagePointsforReadingI 1 Imagineyourhomebeginstoshakeandyoumustleaveitrightaway 假设你的家开始晃动 你必须立刻离开 1 Shake shook shaken v 摇动 摇 颤抖 震动n 摇动 摇 颤抖 震动 翻译 服药前请摇动瓶子 Pleaseshakethebottlebeforetakingthemedicine 当火车经过时大地在剧烈地震动 Whenthetrainpassedby theearthshookseriously 这个可怜的孩子正冻得发抖 Thepoorchildwasshakingwithcold 联想记忆 shakehandswithsb shakeone shead nodone sheadshakesbbythehand shakeone shandshakeone sfistatsb 2 rightaway rightnow atonce immediately立刻 马上 Wemustbeoffrightaway rightnow It seight 请立刻把这篇文章打出来 Pleasetypethisarticleoutrightaway rightnow rightaway不可用于进行时态 rightnow还相当于atthisverymoment atpresent在此刻 此时 可用于进行时态 他们正在录制唱片 Theyaremakingtherecordrightnow 翻译 他此刻正在写一本小说 Heiswritinganovelrightnow 现在是暑假我在农场上帮助爸爸干活 RightnowitissummervocationandI mhelpingmydadonthefarm 2 Forthreedaysthewaterinthevillagewellsroseandfell roseandfell 三天来 村子的水井中的水位升升落落不停 1 rise rose risen vi 升起 起身 高耸 增长 上升n 上升 增加 上涨 发生 出现 Everyoneknowsthatthesunrisesintheeast Herosefromhischairwhenthedoorbellrang Pricescontinuetorise 2 raise reIz raised raising vt 抬高 举起Iwillnotraiseahandagainstyou 我不会做任何不利于你的事 提高 增加toraisesalaries提高工资 他把手臂举过头顶 Heraisedhisarmsabovehishead 他们坚决要求提高工资 Theyinsistedonraisingsalaries rise与raise上升 提高Thepriceoftomatoeshas rise raise recently Thepriceofthetomatoeshasbeen rise raise recently He rise raise thechildfromthegroundThechild rise raise fromtheground rose raised raised rose 3 Asmellygascameoutofthecracks 发臭的气体从裂缝中冒出来 smellyadj 有臭味的eg Thefoodwassmelly 扩展 n y构成形容词blood bloodymud muddysun sunnycloud cloudyrain rainywind windytaste tastydream dreamy 4 Inthefarmyards thechickensandeventhepigsweretoonervoustoeat too to 太 以至于不能 表否定 口头翻译 李平的弟弟年纪太小而不能参军 LiPing sbrotheristooyoungtojointhearmy LiPing sbrotherisnotoldenoughtojoin 听到这个消息他紧张地说不出话来 Hearingthegoodnews hewastoonervoustospeak too to 结构之前带有only but never not 时 是强调肯定的表示法 译作 非常 十分 实在 真是太 等 Iamonlytoohappytoteachyou 我非常高兴教你们 Heisbuttoogladtodoso 他非常喜欢这样做 Youcanneverbetoooldtoenjoyasong 我们绝对不会老得不能获得歌曲带来的欢乐 Too to 结构中带有表示心情或描绘性的adj advEgready eager satisfied kind willing anxiousetc Sheistooreadytohelpother 他乐于助人 Iamtooeagertohaveaworldtrip 我很想去环球旅行 扩展 修饰单数名词too adj a n Ithinkshe stookindagirltorefuse 扩展 5 Inthecity thewaterpipesinsomebuildingscrackedandburst 在城市里 有些建筑物里的水管出现裂缝或者破裂 1 crackvi 使开裂 破裂 eg TheicecrackedasIsteppedontoit 玻璃制成的瓶子当从桌子摔落到地上时容易破碎 Thebottlesmadeofglasseasilycrackwhentheyfellintothegroundfromthetable n 裂缝 裂纹翻译 今天别去滑冰了 冰上有危险的裂缝 Don tgoskatingtoday therearedangerouscracksintheice 墙上有个裂缝 Thereisacrackinthewall 爆炸 2 burst burst burst bursting Theballoonburstsuddenly 胀裂 Water pipesoftenburstincoldweather 河水冲毁了堤岸 淹没了村子 Theriverburstitsbanksandfloodedthetown 水库 堤坝等 决口 Ifyougetmuchfatteryouwillburstyourclothes 扩展 burstinto n突然 burstintotearsburstintosongburstintoleafbursintoflower 突然而起 闯入 Sheburstintothedoor 突然哭起来 突然唱起来 长出叶子 开花 burstout v ing suddenlybegindoingsthburstoutcryingburstoutlaughingburstoutsinging 突然哭起来 突然笑起来 突然唱起来 burstintotheroom闯入房间aburstofapplause anger tears一阵 6 Buttheonemillionpeopleofthecity whothoughtlittleoftheseevents wereasleepasusualthatnight para1 thelastsentence thinknothing little of对 不重视thinkhighly well alot muchof对 评价高 好thinkbadly poorlyof认为 不好 评价差即学即练 1 Themayor yoursuggestionandheasksyoutoplantheprojectindetails thinksmuchof 7 Itseemedasiftheworldwasatanend 似乎世界末日来临 1 atanend结束 终结Thewarwasatanend 区分 attheendof bytheendof intheend Thereisabigbookstore thisroad Thereisaprettybirdsinging thetree HowmanyEnglishwordshadyoulearned lastterm Hewillbeascientist Myfatherwillreturnhome thisyear attheendof attheendof bytheendof intheend attheendof bring put toanend使终止 cometoanend 结束 endupwith以 而告终 attheend of 在 末尾 指时间和空间bytheendof 到 末为止intheend 最后 最终 不与of连用 其他词组 2 asif asthough仿佛 好像用在seem look等系动词之后引导表语从句 也可引导方式状语从句 asif asthough引导的从句一般用虚拟语气 但如果从句中所陈述的情况是客观事实 则从句谓语用陈述语气 Itlooksasifitisgoingtorain 陈述语气 Hetreatsherasifshewereanangel 8 Infifteenterriblesecondsalargecitylayinruins在可怕的十五秒钟内 一座大城市变为废墟 1 ruinn 废墟 c n 毁灭 u n inruins荒芜的 成为废墟 短语 be lieinruins毁坏了 成为废墟leave inruins使 成为废墟 Thewarbroughtruintothecountry Ourplanisinruins 我们的计划泡汤了 Thestormruinedthecrops Vt 使毁灭 用ruin的正确形式填空 Thebigfloodnotonly thecrops butalsoleftthewholetownin ruined ruins 如果你继续这样愚蠢下去 你将自毁前程 Youwillruinyourprospectsifyoucontinuetobesofoolish 2 lie lay lain v tobe remainorbekeptinacertainstate 处于某种状态 连系动词 9 Two thirdsofthepeoplediedorwereinjuredduringtheearthquake 三分之二的人在地震中死亡或受伤 injurevt 损害 受伤adj injured受伤的 受委屈的 Hecan tplaytodaybecausehe sinjuredhisknee 因为伤了膝盖 他今天不能比赛 Amongthedeadandinjured thereweresixchildren 死伤的人中 有六名儿童 辨析 hurt injure woundhurt受伤的一般用语 常指心灵的伤害 也可指身体的受伤或疼痛 wound指战场上的刀伤或枪伤damage指对物体的破坏或损坏injure一般指由于意外或事故而受伤 也可以表示 损害名誉 伤害感情等 Hiswords herfeelings It theeyestoreadinthesun Morethan200peoplewere inthecaraccident Thesoldierswere inthebattle hurt hurts injured wounded 10 Thenumberofpeoplewhowerekilledorinjuredreachedmorethan400000 伤亡的人数达到400000 Hesenthissontojointhearmyassoonashereached18 YourletterofAugust24onlyreachedmetoday We vegottoreachanagreementaboutthisquestion Theboywasn ttallenoughtoreachthebranches Theparkreachesasfarastheriver 达到 指某种数目 抵达 传到 达成 协议 得出 结论 伸手够到 某物 vi 延伸 11 Everywheretheylookednearlyeverythingwasdestroyed 人们无论朝哪里看 哪里一切都几乎被毁坏了 everywhere wherever nomatterwhere在这里做连词用 引导状语从句 如 Everywhereheappeared hewaspopular 无论他出现在哪里 他都是受欢的 无论他去哪 他的狗都跟着他 Everywherehegoes hisdogsfollowshim 12 Tensofthousandsofcowsnevergivemilkagain数以万计的奶牛再也不产奶了 tensofthousandsof数以万计的hundredsandhundredsof成百上千的hundredsofthousandsof数以十万计的thousandsof数千计的millionsof数百万计的scoresof许许多多的dozensof许多 大量 13 Peoplewereshocked 人们感到震惊 Iwasshockedatthenewsofherdeath Hewasshockedtoknowhehadbeencheated Liuxiangshockedthewholeworld n 打击 震惊 休克 Theshockofthefailureintheexammadeherill Itgavemequiteashocktolearnthathehadmarriedagain Thepatientwentintoanothershock shockvt n vt Causeashocktosb 使某人吃惊 使愤慨 beshockedtodosth 做某事很震惊Theywereshockedtohearthenews beshockedat 对 感到很震惊 14 Someoftherescueworkersanddoctorsweretrappedundertheruins 有些救援人员和医生被困在废墟中 1 rescuevt 援救 营救rescuesbfromsb sth 救出一孩子免于溺毙 rescueachildfromdrowning ThePLAmanrescuedtheoldladyfromthefallinghouse n 援救 营救 arescueteam arescuemission 救援队 营救任务 2 trap trapped trapped n 陷阱 圈套vt 使受限制 困 于 诱骗trapsb intosth doingsth 诱使某人做某事Thepolicetrappedhimintotellingthetruth betrappedin困在 中 陷在 中Manywomanaretrappedinlovelessma