2015年英语高考试题及答案解析-全国卷2

2015全国卷(英语)本试卷分第卷(选择题)和第卷(非选择题)两部分。第卷第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题：每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：How much is the shirt?A19.15. B9.18. C9.15. 答案是C。12015全国卷 What time is it now?A9：10. B9：50. C10：00.22015全国卷 What does the woman think of the weather?AIts nice. BIts warm. CIts cold.32015全国卷 What will the man do?AAttend a meeting. BGive a lecture. CLeave his office.42015全国卷 What is the womans opinion about the course?AToo hard. BWorth taking. CVery easy.52015全国卷 What does the woman want the man to do?ASpeak louder. BApologize to her. CTurn off the radio.第二节 (共15小题：每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。62015全国卷 How long did Michael stay in China?AFive days. BOne week. CTwo weeks.72015全国卷 Where did Michael go last year?ARussia. BNorway. CIndia.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。82015全国卷 What food does Sally like?AChicken. BFish. CEggs.92015全国卷 What are the speakers going to do?ACook dinner. BGo shopping. COrder dishes.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。102015全国卷 Where are the speakers?AIn a hospital. BIn the office. CAt home.112015全国卷 When is the report due?AThursday. BFriday. CNext Monday.122015全国卷 What does George suggest Stephanie do with the report?AImprove it.BHand it in later.CLeave it with him.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。132015全国卷 What is the probable relationship between the speakers?ASalesperson and customer.BHomeowner and cleaner.CHusband and wife.142015全国卷 What kind of apartment do the speakers prefer?AOne with two bedrooms.BOne without furniture.COne near a market.152015全国卷 How much rent should one pay for the onebedroom apartment?A$350. B$400. C$415.162015全国卷 Where is the apartment the speakers would like to see?AOn Lake Street. BOn Market Street. COn South Street.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。172015全国卷 What percentage of the worlds tea exports go to Britain?AAlmost 15%. BAbout 30%. COver 40%.182015全国卷 Why do tea taster taste tea with milk?AMost British people drink tea that way.BTea tastes much better with milk.CTea with milk is healthy.192015全国卷 Who suggests a price for each tea?ATea tasters.BTea exporters.CTea companies.202015全国卷 What is the speaker talking about?AThe life of tea tasters.BAfternoon tea in Britain.CThe London Tea Trade Centre.第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题：每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。C22015全国卷 AMy colour television has given me nothing but a headache.I was able to buy it a little over a year ago because I had my relatives give me money for my birthday instead of a lot of clothes that wouldnt fit.I let a salesclerk fool me into buying a discontinued model. I realized this a day later，when I saw newspaper advertisements for the set at seventyfive dollars less than I had paid.The set worked so beautifully when I first got it home that I would keep it on until stations signed_off for the night. Fortunately, I didnt get any channels showing allnight movies or I would never have gotten to bed.Then I started developing a problem with the set that involved static(静电) noise. For some reason，when certain shows switched into a commercial, a loud noise would sound for a few seconds. Gradually，this noise began to appear during a show, and to get rid of it，I had to change to another channel and then change it back.Sometimes this technique would not work，and I had to pick up the set and shake it to remove the sound. I actually began to build up my arm muscles(肌肉) shaking my set.When neither of these methods removed the static noise，I would sit helplessly and wait for the noise to go away.At last I ended up hitting the set with my fist，and it stopped working altogether.My trip to the repair shop cost me $62, and the set is working well now，but I keep expecting more trouble.21Why did the author say he was fooled into buying the TV set?AHe got an older model than he had expected.BHe couldnt return it when it was broken.CHe could have bought it at a lower price.DHe failed to find any movie shows on it.22Which of the following can best replace the phrase“signed off” in Paragraph 1?Aended all their programmesBprovided fewer channelsCchanged to commercialsDshowed allnight movies23How did the author finally get his TV set working again?ABy shaking and hitting it.BBy turning it on and off.CBy switching channels.DBy having it repaired.24. How does the author sound when telling the story?ACurious.BAnxious.CCautious.DHumorous.【要点综述】 本文主要介绍了作者认为自己受到了售货员的欺骗，购买了一台彩电，它不但价格昂贵，而且还出现了静电噪声。虽然作者采取各种措施消除这种噪声，但是都没有效果。最后作者花了几乎和电视机一样多的钱对电视机进行了修理。21. C细节理解题。根据第一段中的 “I let a salesclerk fool me into buying a discontinued model. I realized this a day later，when I saw newspaper advertisements for the set at seventyfive dollars less than I had paid.”可知作者本来可以以更低的价格购买这台彩电，故选C项。 22. A 词义猜测题。根据第一段最后一句“Fortunately, I didnt get any channels showing allnight movies or I would never have gotten to bed.”可知作者庆幸自己没有整夜播放电影的频道，那样的话，节目就完不了，自己就不能睡觉了，因此可推出sign off意为“(电视节目)结束播映”。23. D细节理解题。文章的最后一句“My trip to the repair shop cost me $62, and the set is working well now”证明了作者最后只好去花钱修理电视机。24. D推理判断题。这是一道推理作者讲述故事的时候，以什么口吻来讲述的试题。文章中第一段提到“Fortunately, I didnt get any channels showing allnight movies or I would never have gotten to bed.”；第二段提到当作者不断地摇晃电视来消除噪声的时候， 作者说了“I actually began to build up my arm muscles(肌肉)”。这些都体现了作者幽默的叙述手法。故选择D项。C72015全国卷 BYour house may have an effect on your figure. Experts say the way you design your home could play a role in whether you pack on the pounds or keep them off. You can make your environment work for you instead of against you. Here are some ways to turn your home into part of your diet plan.Open the curtains and turn up the lights. Dark environments are more likely to encourage overeating, for people are often less selfconscious(难为情)when theyre in poorly lit placesand so more likely to eat lots of food. If your home doesnt have enough window light, get more lamps and flood the place with brightness.Mind the colours. Research suggests warm colours fuel our appetites. In one study, people who ate meals in a blue room consumed 33 per cent less than those in a yellow or red room. Warm colours like yellow make food appear more appetizing, while cold colours make us feel less hungry. So when its time to repaint, go blue. Dont forget the clockor the radio. People who eat slowly tend to consume about 70 fewer calories(卡路里) per meal than those who rush through their meals. Begin keeping track of the time, and try to make dinner last at least 30 minutes. And while youre at it, actually sit down to eat. If you need some help slowing down, turn on relaxing music. It makes you less likely to rush through a meal. Downsize the dishes. Big serving bowls and plates can easily make us fat. We eat about 22 per cent more when using a 12inch plate instead of a 10inch plate. When we choose a large spoon over a smaller one，total intake(摄入) jumps by 14 per cent. And well pour about 30 per cent more liquid into a short, wide glass than a tall, skinny glass.25The text is especially helpful for those who care about_ Atheir home comfortsBtheir body shapeChouse buyingDhealthy diets26A home environment in blue can help people_ Adigest food betterBreduce food intakeCburn more caloriesDregain their appetites27What are people advised to do at mealtimes? AEat quickly.BPlay fast music.CUse smaller spoons.DTurn down the lights.28What can be a suitable title for the text? AIs your house making you fat?BWays of serving dinnerCEffects of selfconsciousnessDIs your home environment relaxing?【要点综述】 当你在家里吃饭的时候，你是不是担心自己吃得越来越多，正在变胖？快来看看吧，家里的环境包括窗帘和灯的亮度，墙壁的颜色以及吃饭的速度等，都可以影响你的饮食，也许你肥胖的罪魁祸首就在你的家里。25. B细节理解题。根据文章的第一段的内容可知，你家的房子可能会影响你的身材。专家说你的房子的设计在使你变胖或者变瘦中发挥着作用。下文几个段落中提到的各种建议，都是关于如何不变胖的，因此B项“体型”与文章的主要内容相符。26. B细节理解题。根据文章的第三段中的“people who ate meals in a blue room consumed 33 per cent less than those in a yellow or red room.”可知，在蓝色的屋子里吃饭，要比在黄色或者红色的屋子里少吃33%的食物。因此B项 “减少食物摄入量”的说法是正确的。27. C细节理解题。根据最后一段 “When we choose a large spoon over a smaller one, total intake(摄入) jumps by 14 per cent.”可知，进餐时选择大的汤匙要比小的汤匙多吃14%的食物，因此建议使用小的汤匙。28. A主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了房子的设计布局，房子中的环境，比如亮度、墙壁的颜色，吃饭的时候使用的器皿大小以及吃饭的速度，都影响着一个人的身材。因此阐述了房子与一个人肥胖的关系，A项正确。C52015全国卷 C More students than ever before are taking a gap year(间隔年) before going to university.It used to be called the “year off” between school and university.The gapyear phenomenon originated(起源) with the months left over to Oxbridge applicants between entrance exams in November and the start of the next academic year. This year, 25，310 students who have accepted places in higher education institutions have put off their entry until next year, according to statistics on university entrance provided by the University and College Admissions Service(UCAS) That is a record 14.7% increase in the number of students taking a gap year. Tony Higgins from UCAS said that the statistics are good news for everyone in higher education. “Students who take a wellplanned year out are more likely to be satisfied with, and complete, their chosen course. Students who take a gap year are often more mature and responsible，” he said. But not everyone is happy. Owain James, the president of the National Union of Students(NUS), argued that the increase is evidence of student hardshipyoung people are being forced into earning money before finishing their education. “New students are now aware that they are likely to leave university up to 15，000 in debt. It is not surprising that more and more students are taking a gap year to earn money to support their study for the degree.NUS statistics show that over 40% of students are forced to work during term time and the figure increases to 90% during vacation periods，” he said.29. What do we learn about the gap year from the text?AIt is flexible in length.BIt is a time for relaxation.CIt is increasingly popular.DIt is required by universities.30. According to Tony Higgins，students taking a gap year_Aare better prepared for college studiesBknow a lot more about their future jobsCare more likely to leave university in debtDhave a better chance to enter top universities31. How does Owain James feel about the gapyear phenomenon?AHes puzzled.BHes worried.CHes surprised.DHes annoyed.32. What would most students do on their vacation according to NUS statistics?AAttend additional courses.BMake plans for the new term.CEarn money for their education.DPrepare for their graduate studies.【要点综述】 本文主要介绍了越来越多的学生们在上大学之前采取了“间隔年”的方式，即推迟上大学的时间，在此期间挣钱赚取上学的学费等，以及人们对于这种做法的赞成和反对的观点。29. C细节理解题。根据第一段第一句和第三段的第一句可知，采取“间隔年”的学生的人数在不断增加，说明了它越来越受学生们的欢迎，所以选C项。 30. A细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Students who take a wellplanned year out are more likely to be satisfied with, and complete, their chosen course.”可知采取“间隔年”的学生们对于所选择的课程更加满意，更有可能完成这些课程，故A项正确。31. B推理判断题。最后一段的 “evidence of student hardship(学生们的艰难)”和“young people are being forced into earning money before finishing their education(学生们被迫在完成教育之前挣钱)”，说明了Owain James对此现象的担心，故B项正确。32. C细节理解题。根据最后一段的 “NUS statistics show that over 40% of students are forced to work during term time and the figure increases to 90% during vacation periods”可知C项正确。C42015全国卷 DChoose your oneday tours!Tour ABath & Stonehenge including entrance fees to the ancient Roman bathrooms and Stonehenge 37 until 26 March and 39 thereafter.Visit the city with over 2，000 years of history and Bath Abbey，the Royal Crescent and the Costume Museum.Stonehenge is one of the worlds most famous prehistoric monuments dating back over 5，000 years.Tour BOxford & Stratford including entrance fees to the University St Marys Church Tower and Anne Hathaways house 32 until 12 March and 36 thereafter.Oxford: Includes a guided tour of Englands oldest university city and colleges. Look over the “city of dreaming spires(尖顶)” from St Marys Church Tower. Stratford: Includes a guided tour exploring much of the Shakespeare wonder.Tour CWindsor Castle & Hampton Court including entrance fees to Hampton Court Palace34 until 11 March and 37 thereafter.Includes a guided tour of Windsor and Hampton Court, Henry s favourite palace. Free time to visit Windsor Castle(entrance fees not included). With 500 years of history, Hampton Court was once the home of four Kings and one Queen. Now this former royal palace is open to the public as a major tourist attraction. Visit the palace and its various historic gardens, which include the famous maze(迷宫) where it is easy to get lost!Tour DCambridge including entrance fees to the Tower of Saint Mary the Great33 until 18 March and 37 thereafter.Includes a guided tour of Cambridge, the famous university town, and the gardens of the 18th century.33Which tour will you choose if you want to see Englands oldest university city?ATour A. BTour B. CTour C. DTour D. 34Which of the following tours charges the lowest fee on 17 March?AWindsor Castle & Hampton Court.BOxford & Stratford.CBath &Stonehenge.DCambridge.35Why is Hampton Court a major tourist attraction?AIt used to be the home of royal families.BIt used to be a wellknown maze.CIt is the oldest palace in Britain.DIt is a worldfamous castle. 【要点综述】 本文主要介绍了在伦敦进行一日游的四种安排，包括线路、时间、费用以及旅游途中的景点，是否有导游陪伴讲解等内容。33. B细节理解题。根据题干中的see Englands oldest university city，再根据Tour B中Oxford部分的“Includes a guided tour of Englands oldest university city and colleges.”可知B项正确。34. D细节理解题。题目中的核心信息是3月17日费用最少的线路，对比四个旅游景点在3月17日的收费：Tour A: 37; Tour B: 36; Tour C: 37; Tour D: 33，由此可知Tour D收费最低，故选D。35. A细节理解题。根据Tour C中的“Hampton Court was once the home of four Kings and one Queen.”可知，汉普顿宫曾经是四个国王和一个王后的宫殿，因此成了主要的旅游景点。故A项正确。第二节(共5小题：每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。J12015全国卷 Training for a marathon requires careful preparation and steady，gradual increases in the length of the runs._36_，buy the bestfitting，bestbuilt running shoes you can find.No one can say which brand will work best for you or feel best on your feet，so you have to rely on your experience and on the feel of each pair as you shop.When you have found shoes that seem right，walk in them for a few days to doublecheck the fit._37_As always，you should stretch(伸展) at least ten minutes before each run to prevent injuries.During the first week，do not think about distance，but run five minutes longer each day._38_，it is wise to take a day off to rest.But during the next week，set a goal of at least a mile and a half per run._39_After two weeks，start timing yourself._40_Depending on the kind of race you plan to enter，you can set up a timetable for the remaining weeks before the race.AAfter six daysBFor a good marathon runnerCBefore you begin your trainingDWith each day，increase the distance by a half mileEIf they still feel good，you can begin running in themFTime spent for preparation raises the quality of trainingGNow you are ready to figure out a goal of improving distance and time【要点综述】 本文主要介绍了进行马拉松训练的具体做法。首先要为训练做好准备：准备好跑鞋以及训练前的热身动作。第一周：训练跑步时间的逐天增加；第二周：训练跑步距离的逐天增加；两周后，开始计时跑，制订逐步提高跑步时间和距离的计划。36. C考查上下文的语境理解。该空后面提供的语境“buy the bestfitting, bestbuilt running shoes you can find.”说明这是为了跑马拉松进行的准备工作，这件事应该是在进行马拉松训练之前做的事情，与“before you begin your training”有关。故选C。37. E考查上下文的语境理解。根据该空前面提供的语境“When you have found shoes that seem right, walk in them for a few days to doublecheck the fit.”可知E选项中they指的是前面提到的shoes，属于指代一致性，另外feel good与the fit有关。穿着合适的鞋再进行跑步训练与E中的“you can begin running in them”一致。38. A考查上下文的语境理解。根据该空前面提供的语境“During the first week, do not think about distance, but run five minutes longer each day.”可知这里提到了一周即七天的时间，再根据空格后面的“it is wise to take a day off to rest”可知剩余的就是六天的时间，与A项意思一致。39. D考查上下文的语境理解。该空前面提供的语境“But during the next week, set a goal of at least a mile and a half per run.”与D项的“每天增加半英里”意义相符。40. G考查上下文的语境理解。此句的前两句提到了逐日增加跑步的长度，两周后开始计时，与G中的“improving distance and time(提高你的距离和时间)”有关。第三部分英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分)第一节完形填空(共20小题：每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。B12015全国卷 Where do you go when you want to learn something? School? A friend？A tutor？These are all_41_places of learning.But it may well be that the learning you really want_42_somewhere else instead. I had the_43_of seeing this first hand on a_44_My daughter plays on a recreational soccer team. They did very well this season and so_45_a tournament, which normally was only for more skilled club teams. This led to some_46_experiences on Saturday as they played against teams_47_trained. Through the first two games, her_48_did not get one serious shot on goal. As a parent, I_49_seeing my daughter playing her best, _50_ still defeated.It seemed that something clicked with the_51_between Saturday and Sunday. When they _52_for their Sunday game, they were_53_different. They had begun to integrate (融合)the kinds of play and teamwork they had_54_the day before into their_55_