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存档日期： 存档编号： 徐 州 师 范 大 学本科生毕业论文（设计）论 文 题 目：Analyze Franks Oedipus Complex in The Thorn Birds姓 名： 闫秀竹 院 系： 科文学院语言文学系 专业、年级、班组： 09商贸英语Z 指 导 教 师： 肖霞 徐州师范大学教务处印制17AbstractBased on Freuds psychoanalysis, this article argues that Frank, a character of The Thorn Birds, his Oedipus complex, and discusses the relationship between his homicide and Oedipus complex.Key words: Freud; Oedipus complex; Frank；sexual desire摘要荆棘鸟是澳大利亚女作家考琳麦卡洛创作的一部长篇小说，作品于1977 年在美国出版后，立即引起了轰动，发行八百多万册。荆棘鸟是一部传奇式的家世小说，涉及半个多世纪中一家人的沧桑变化，反映出了澳大利亚社会的发展。小说情节曲折生动,结构严密精巧,文笔清新婉丽。在描写荒蛮广漠的澳大利亚风光时,颇有苍凉悲壮之美,而作为一位女作家,考琳麦卡洛对女人爱情心态的探索又十分细腻,该小说有澳大利亚的飘之誉。本文从弗洛伊德的精神分析法的角度出发，对小说荆棘鸟中的人物弗兰克的“恋母情结”进行了阐述和说明，并进一步阐释了“恋母情结”与其杀人行为之间的关系。关键词：考琳麦卡洛；恋母情结；弗兰克 ContentsAbstract 2摘要 3 Chapter One Introduction5Chapter Two Literature Review62.1 Previous study6 2.2 Oedipus complex in some famous works7Chapter Three Franks Oedipus Complex8 3.1 Franks image in The Thorn Birds8 3.2 Franks Oedipus Complex and some analysis on his psychological stage8 3.2.1 Franks abnormal complex9 3.2.2 Analysis on his psychological stage10Chapter Four The relationship between his homicide and Oedipus complex11 4.1 The reasons that Frank commits homicide11 4.2 Freuds research on Oedipus complex and its relationship with Franks homicide13Chapter Five Conclusion15References16Analyze Franks Oedipus Complex in The Thorn BirdsChapter One IntroductionColleen McCullough is one of the most famous and the most influential writers among contemporary Australia. Her masterpiece, The Thorn Birds is a family history of Australia. Heroine Meggie and Father Ralphs love disputes are the main line of The Thorn Birds. This novel describes a story of three generations of family Cleary, spanning over half a Century. Colleen McCullough is a neuropsychologist. Frank, the character of this novel, shows strange feelings to his mother Fiona, which fully in line with the symptoms of Oedipus complex in Freudian psychology.Besides introduction and conclusion, there are three chapters in the thesis.Chapter two is mainly a literature review, focusing on the previous studies about Oedipus complex of Freudian psychology and some famous novel involved in this complex.Chapter three is based on Franks Oedipus complex and some analysis on his psychological stage.Chapter four mainly discusses the relationship between his homicide and Oedipus complex. And the last part is conclusion.Chapter Two Literature Review2.1 Previous studySigmund Freud (1856 - 1939), the 18th century to 19th century Austrian psychiatrist, is the founder of psychoanalysis theory. Despite his controversial theory, its impact is widely extended to philosophy, sociology, psychology, medicine, literature, art and many other fields. His psychoanalysis has brought a profound impact on people life and this effect is more than any other kind of psychology. His theory gives a strong lash on peoples awareness of western present society and social life almost on every side. Attachment to the mother is also known as the Oedipus complex, it is Jargon of psychoanalysis. This term comes from a Greek myth, the story described a boy kill his father and marry his mother, and the child called Oedipus. Freud argued that children begin to look outside for their sex target during sexual choosing period of their sexual development. For children, the first target is their parents, and generally, boys select their mothers whereas girls often select their fathers. The reasons why children make such choice are as follows: firstly, they behave out of the instinct of themselves. And secondly, parents stimulant strengthen this trend that: mothers show the preference for sons and the fathers for daughters. In this case, boys have already developed special feelings to their mothers: they consider mothers as their own belongings while treat their fathers as enemy who would rob of this treasure and want to replace their father position in the parental relationship. The same thing, girls also have this complex. Girls also thought that the mother interfered with their tenderness to father and occupied the position of her share. Freud believes that Oedipus unconsciously killed his father and married his mother, is the achievement of the aspirations of childhood. This complex possesses by almost every small boys.Furthermore, Freud analyzed many works of well-known writers and artists like Da Vinci, Shakespeare, Goethe, Tuo thinking, Chomsky, he considered that those decision of their creative impulse, is the general existence of the Oedipus tendencies among human consciousness.2.2 Oedipus complex in some famous works When involved in child psychology, the Oedipus complex can be said has a profound impact on literature. There are a number of works on the subject of Oedipus complex. Shakespeares famous work Hamlet and Lawrences Sons and Lovers are typical representative works. The desire of chaotic performance is one of the main themes of their works. For example, he believes that the female characters portrayed by Leonardo da Vinci, in particular the female image, all present mysterious smiles, which reflected his fascination with his mother. And when Hamlet revenge of his enemy, he became indecisive, because he realized that he has the same complex with the enemy.Chapter Three Franks Oedipus Complex3.1 Franks image in The Thorn BirdsFrank, the heroine Meggies brother, is the eldest son of Fiona in The Thorn Birds. He played an important role in Meggies early life. Author Colleen McCullough spent a lot of ink on Frank during the description of Meggies childhood. Just as it says in the book, it was Frank who lay closest to her heart, Frank who loomed as the star in her limited haven. He was the only one who seemed to enjoy sitting talking to her, and he explained things in a way she could understand. Ever since the day Agnes had lost her hair there had been Frank, and in spite of her sore troubles nothing since had speared her quite to the core. Not canes or Sister Agatha or lice, because Frank was there to comfort and console. And the author made this figure who has been sentenced to life imprisonment turn up again in the latter part of the book. This shows Frank cant be seen as a trivial person. It is a pity that he has been ignored for a long time. Frank has been nearly sixteen years old when the first time he shown up in the book, he has been engaged in the blacksmiths career for a long time. And to support the family, he shared the same task to make ends meet with his father Paddy.3.2 Franks Oedipus Complex and some analysis on his psychological stage3.2.1 Franks abnormal complexDespite he shares the same task with his father in supporting a family, but psychologically he is still in the Oedipus stage as Freud said. He paid close attention to his mother Fiona all the time. Among all the children of family Cleary, he was the only one who can fully understand their mother. Frank took great care of his mother, so does his mother. There is a tacit understanding between them when they are doing housework. Frank worked on the doll without raising his head, but as the pile of plates grew he got up silently to fetch a towel and began to dry them. Moving between the worktable and the dresser, he worked with the ease of long familiarity. It was a furtive, fearful game he and his mother played, for the most stringent rule in Paddys domain concerned the proper delegation duties. The house was womans work, and that was that. No male member of the family was to put his hand to a female task. But each night after Paddy went to bed Frank helped his mother, Fee aiding and abetting him by delaying her dishwashing until they heard the thump of Paddys slippers hitting the floor. Once Paddys slippers off, he never came back to the kitchen. Actually Frank and his mother share the burden of life, either in daily life or in spirit, to some extent he has been a real partner of his mother. The feelings to his mother Fiona is deformed, he did not like a son to love his mother, but as equal as a husband to love his wife. He wanted to own his mother exclusively and he thought his father was a barrier between them. When he known his mother pregnant again, he could not get away from it, he could not get away from her, from the thoughts at the back of his mind, from the hungers natural to his age and manhood. Mostly he managed to push it all below consciousness, but when his mother flaunted tangible evidence of her lust before his eyes, threw her mysterious activity with his father that lecherous old beast in his very teeth.How could he think of it, how could he consent to it, how could he bear it? He wanted to be able to think of her as totally holy, pure and untainted as the Blessed Mother, a being who was above such things though all her sisters throughout the world are guilty of it. To see her proving his concept of her wrong was the road to madness. It had become necessary to his sanity to imagine that she lay with tat ugly old man in perfect chastity, to have a place to sleep, but that in the night they never turned toward each other, or touched.3.2.2 Analysis on his psychological stageWith the growing of age, Frank did get out of this complex, but kept it deeply in his heart, wishing one day he can marry his mother. People like Frank are called the sexual Perverts by Sigmund Freud , that means those peoples sexual psychology occur stagnation in the development process, fixing in a certain stage before maturity, or degrading into a early stages for some reason although their sexual psychology developed to a mature stage 3 Frank is such a psychological stage. Frank is in such a psychological stage.Chapter Four the relationship between his homicide and Oedipus complex4.1 The reasons that Frank commits homicideDo Oedipus complex and Franks homicide have relationship? The answer is definitely. On the surface, Frank killing people is an occasional tragic accident: He drank too much at the bar, quarrelling with the people indulgently, and upgraded into fighting. As we all known, as a professional boxer, his hand quite as a weapon as deadly as a gun or knife, it is so easy to kill an ordinary man. Such kind of err is not only commit by bad tempered labor workers who received less education. Just as the old saying goes, “No man, but errs.” However, there is one thing we must pay attention to, that is when the police discovered him, Frank was kicking at the head of the insensible Cumming in the lane behind the hotel. His fists were bloodstained and bore tufts of Cummings hair. When arrested Frank was drunk but lucid. He was charged with intent to commit grievous bodily harm. Thus, Frank was in conscience state to deliberately choose head as target to beat. In fact, this is a way to emit the energy of original desire.As mentioned before, Frank had serious fixation of Oedipus Complex, so his original desire drives him to kill his father, and marry his mother. When Paddy noticed the sticking plaster over Franks eye, the swollen face, Paddy criticized him, Grow up, Frank! I know you cant grow any more in body, but you might make an effort for your mothers sake to grow in mind! The whiteness of Franks face, Like bleached bones. It was the most terrible insult a man could offer him, and this was his father; he couldnt strike back. Frank and Paddy faced each other, the dislike and the fear, each for the other, admitted at last. The dam of mutual love for Fee was breached and the bitter rivalry for Fee acknowledged. Because of social ethics taboos and the fear of his father, he cant really kill his father, or combine with his mother Fiona. As it says in Chapter five, Paddy wanted to buy his sons wine genially, habit and awe are harder to overcome than people realize until they actually try to circumvent the conduct of years; Frank found he could not do what he longed to do, he could not throw the contents of his glass in his fathers face, not in front of a bar crowd. So downed what was left of his beer at a gulp, smiled a little sickly and said, sorry, Daddy, Ive promised to meet some blokes down at the showground. Well, off you go, then. But here is the money, take this and spend it on yourself. Have a good time, and if you get drunk dont let your mother find out. Frank stared at the crisp blue five-pound note in his hand, longing to tear it into shreds and fling them in Paddys face, but custom won again; he folded it, put it in his fob pocket and thanked his father. He could not get out of the bar quickly enough.However, his energy of sexual desire needs to vent, since he cant choose Paddy as object, in this circumstance, he selected another object as a substitute to vent. Therefore, his homicide seems an accidental event, but in fact, will happen sooner or later, even is not Cumming, anyone as well. As long as incest taboos exist in human society, making his perversion of the original desire cant find out place to vent, the energy of original desire would inevitable outbreak suddenly one day, causing the consequences devastating. Apparently, Oedipus complex fixation is not accepted by social ethics and morals, and instinct power restrained, those are the underlying reasons that cause Franks behavior out of control and kill Cumming.4.2 Freuds research on Oedipus complex and its relationship with Franks homicideFreud once described psychology by using Germany physics, which is conservation of energy of nineteenth-century. He also received Austrian physiologist Osnabrcks doctrine on organism of life, it points out that our body is a dynamic system, the energy of human body comply with conservation of energy. The source of peoples energy is psychological energy converted by biomass energy. The energy gathered in peoples body, and the primary one is the original desire, it is the core strength of the life instinct. It is generally regard original desire as sexual desire. In laymans terms, the energy conservation of sexual desire is that human instinct sex contains energy, which necessarily required to be released. If this cant released in human reproduction, it will not die, but as physical energy, finding other means to release. And Frank just took homicide as the way to vent his sexual desire.Freud held the view that many literary works is through a variety of deformation to express Oedipus complex. As a representative of psychoanalysis and rationalism, Freud thought of literature and art are repression and sublimation of the sexual instinct and the unconscious. This view well illustrate on Frank in The Thorn Birds. Freuds theory had a tremendous impact on later art critics of psychoanalytic school. Let us from a new perspective to understand works of art, and allow us to realize how the writers mood or desire was restrained and later how tortuously ignited t