高级英语2第三版课后paraphrase原文及答案清晰版

精品文档 1欢迎下载 LessonLesson 1 1 1 1 AndAnd itit isis anan activityactivity onlyonly ofof humans humans And it is a human unique activity 2 2 ConversationConversation isis notnot forfor makingmaking a a point point Conversation is not to convince others 3 3 InIn fact fact thethe bestbest conversationalistsconversationalists areare thosethose whowho areare preparedprepared toto bebe lose lose In fact the best conversationalists are those who are willing to be lose 4 Bar4 Bar friendsfriends areare notnot deeplydeeply involvedinvolved inin eacheach other sother s lives lives Bar friends are not deeply concerned with each other s private lives 5 it5 it couldcould stillstill gogo ignorantlyignorantly on on The conversation could go on without anybody knowing who was right or wrong 6 6 ThereThere areare cattlecattle inin thethe field field butbut wewe sitsit downdown toto beef beef These animals are called cattle in English when they are alive and feeding in the fields but when we sit down at the table to eat we call their meat beef in French 7 7 TheThe newnew rulingruling classclass hadhad builtbuilt a a culturalcultural barrierbarrier againstagainst himhim byby buildingbuilding theirtheir FrenchFrench againstagainst hishis ownown language language The new ruling class had caused the cultural contradictions between the ruling class and native English by regarding French superior to English 8 English8 English hadhad comecome royallyroyally intointo itsits own own English had gained recognition by the King 9 9 TheThe phrasephrase hashas alwaysalways beenbeen usedused a a littlelittle pejorativelypejoratively andand eveneven facetiouslyfacetiously byby thethe lowerlower classes classes The phrase the king s English has always been used disrespectfully and made fun by the lower classes 10 10 TheThe rebellionrebellion againstagainst a a culturalcultural dominancedominance isis stillstill there there There is still opposition to cultural monopoly 11 11 ThereThere isis alwaysalways a a greatgreat dangerdanger thatthat words words willwill hardenharden intointo thingsthings forfor us us We tend to make the mistake that we regard the things as they represent 12 12 EvenEven withwith thethe mostmost educatededucated andand thethe mostmost literate literate thethe King sKing s EnglishEnglish slipsslips andand slidesslides inin conversation conversation Even the most educated and literated people will not always use the formal English in their conversation LessonLesson 2 2 1 1 TheThe burying groundburying ground isis merelymerely a a hugehuge wastewaste ofof hummockyhummocky earth earth likelike a a derelictderelict building lot building lot The burying ground is just a huge piece of wasteland full of mounds of earth looking like a deserted construction land 2 2 AllAll colonialcolonial empiresempires areare inin realityreality foundedfounded uponupon thatthat fact fact All colonial empires are built by exploiting the local people 3 3 TheyThey riserise outout ofof thethe earth earth theythey sweatsweat andand starvestarve forfor a a fewfew years years andand thenthen theythey sinksink backback intointo thethe namelessnameless moundsmounds ofof thethe graveyard graveyard They are born Then they work hard without enough food for a few years Finally they die and are buried in the hills graves without any mark to identify them 4 4 A A carpentercarpenter sitssits crossleggedcrosslegged atat a a prehistoricprehistoric lathe lathe turningturning chair legschair legs atat lightinglighting speed speed A carpenter sits crossing his legs at an old fashioned lathe making round chair legs very fast 5 5 Instantly Instantly fromfrom thethe darkdark holesholes allall round round therethere waswas a a frenziedfrenzied rushrush ofof Jews Jews Immediately Jews rushed out of their dark hole like rooms nearby in a frenzy madness 6 every6 every oneone ofof themthem lookslooks onon a a cigarettecigarette asas a a moremore oror lessless impossibleimpossible luxury luxury Every one of these Jews considers the cigarette as a somewhat piece of luxury which they can not possibly afford 7 7 Still Still a a whitewhite skinskin isis alwaysalways fairlyfairly conspicuous conspicuous However a white skinned European is easy to notice in a fair way 8 8 InIn a a tropicaltropical landscapelandscape one sone s eyeeye takestakes inin everythingeverything exceptexcept thethe humanhuman being being Against the background of a tropical landscape people could notice everything but they cannot see local people 9 9 NoNo oneone wouldwould thinkthink ofof runningrunning cheapcheap tripstrips toto thethe DistressedDistressed AreasAreas No one would propose the cheap trips to the slums 1010 for for nine tenthsnine tenths ofof thethe peoplepeople thethe realityreality ofof lifelife isis anan endless endless back breakingback breaking strugglestruggle toto wringwring a a littlelittle foodfood outout ofof anan erodederoded soil soil The real life of nine tenths of the people is that there is no end to their extremely hard work in order to get a little food from an eroded soil 11 11 SheShe acceptedaccepted herher statusstatus asas anan oldold woman woman thatthat isis toto saysay asas a a beastbeast ofof burden burden She took it for granted that as an old woman she should work like an animal 12 People12 People withwith brownbrown skinsskins areare nextnext doordoor toto invisible invisible People who have brown skins are almost invisible 13 13 TheirTheir splendidsplendid bodiesbodies werewere hiddenhidden inin reach me downreach me down khakikhaki uniforms uniforms The soldiers wore second hand khaki uniforms which covered their beautiful well built bodies 14 14 HowHow longlong beforebefore theythey turnturn theirtheir gunsguns inin thethe otherother direction direction How long will it take for them to attack us 15 15 EveryEvery whitewhite manman therethere hadhad thisthis thoughtthought stowedstowed somewheresomewhere oror otherother inin hishis mind mind It is certain that every white man realized this Lesson3Lesson3 1 And1 And yetyet thethe samesame revolutionaryrevolutionary beliefbelief forfor whichwhich ourour forebearsforebears foughtfought isis stillstill atat issueissue aroundaround thethe globe globe And yet the same revolutionary belief which is the aim of our ancestors is still in dispute around the world 2 2 ThisThis muchmuch wewe pledge andpledge and more more This much we promise to do and we promise to do more 3 3 United United therethere isis littlelittle wewe cannotcannot dodo inin a a hosthost ofof cooperativecooperative ventures ventures If we are united there is almost nothing we can not do through a lot of cooperation 4 4 ButBut thisthis peacefulpeaceful revolutionrevolution ofof hopehope cannotcannot becomebecome thethe preyprey ofof hostilehostile powers powers But this peaceful revolution which can bring hope in a peaceful way can not fall victims to enemy country 5 5 OurOur lastlast bestbest hopehope inin anan ageage wherewhere thethe instrumentsinstruments ofof warwar havehave farfar outpacedoutpaced thethe instrumentsinstruments ofof pace pace The United Nations is our last and best hope in the era where 精品文档 2欢迎下载 means of launching war have far surpassed means of keeping peace 6 6 to to enlargeenlarge thethe areaarea inin whichwhich itsits writwrit maymay run run to increase the area where the UN s written documents may be effective 7 before7 before thethe darkdark powerspowers ofof destructiondestruction unleashedunleashed byby sciencescience engulfengulf allall humanityhumanity inin plannedplanned oror accidentalaccidental self destruction self destruction before the evil atom weapon made possible by science destroy all human beings in a planned way or by accident 8 yet8 yet bothboth racingracing toto alteralter thatthat uncertainuncertain balancebalance ofof terrorterror thatthat staysstays thethe handhand ofof mankind smankind s finalfinal war war However both trying to change that unstable balance of weapons and this balance of weapons could prevent human beings from launching their final war 9 9 SoSo letlet usus beginbegin anew anew rememberingremembering onon bothboth sidessides thatthat civilitycivility isis notnot a a signsign ofof weakness weakness So let us begin once again to realize that politeness does not mean weakness 10 10 LetLet bothboth sidessides seekseek toto invokeinvoke thethe wonderswonders ofof sciencescience insteadinstead ofof itsits terrors terrors I suggest both sides try to use science to make wonders for human beings rather than terrors 11 11 each each generationgeneration ofof AmericansAmericans hashas beenbeen summonedsummoned toto givegive testimonytestimony toto itsits nationalnational loyalty loyalty There are Americans from every generation who answer the call of the country to prove their loyalty to the country 12 12 WithWith a a goodgood conscienceconscience ourour onlyonly suresure reward reward withwith historyhistory thethe finalfinal judgejudge ofof ourour deeds deeds letlet usus gogo forthforth toto leadlead thethe landland wewe love love Our certain reward is our good conscience and history will judge our deeds therefore let us try to be pioneers in building our beloved country Unit5Unit5 1 1 TheThe slightedslighted mentionmention ofof thethe decadedecade bringsbrings nostalgicnostalgic recollectionsrecollections toto thethe middle middle aged aged At the very mention of this postwar period middle aged people begin to think about it longingly 2 2 TheThe rejectionrejection ofof VictorianVictorian gentilitygentility waswas inin anyany casecase inevitable inevitable In any case an American could not avoid casting aside middle class respectability and affected refinement 3 3 TheThe warwar actedacted merelymerely asas a a catalyticcatalytic agentagent inin thisthis breakdownbreakdown ofof thethe VictorianVictorian socialsocial structure structure The war only helped to speed up the breakdown of the Victorian social structure 4 4 it it waswas temptedtempted in in AmericaAmerica atat least least toto escapeescape itsits responsibilitiesresponsibilities andand retreatretreat behindbehind anan airair of naughty alcoholic sophistication In America at least the young people were strongly inclined to shirk their responsibilities They pretended to be worldly wise drinking and behaving naughtily 5 5 ProhibitionProhibition affordedafforded thethe youngyoung thethe additionaladditional opportunityopportunity ofof makingmaking theirtheir pleasurespleasures illicit illicit The young found greater pleasure in drinking because Prohibition by making drinking unlawful added a sense of adventure 6 6 our our youngyoung menmen beganbegan toto enlistenlist underunder foreignforeign flags flags Our young men joined the armies of foreign countries to fight in the war 7 7 they they wanted wanted toto getget intointo thethe funfun beforebefore thethe wholewhole thingthing turnedturned bellybelly up up The young wanted to take part in the glorious adventure before the whole ended 8 8 they they hadhad outgrownoutgrown townstowns andand families families These young people could no longer adapt themselves to lives in their hometowns or their families 9 9 the the returningreturning veteranveteran alsoalso hadhad toto faceface thethe sodden Napoleonicsodden Napoleonic cynicismcynicism ofof Versailles theVersailles the hypocriticalhypocritical do goodismdo goodism ofof Prohibition Prohibition The returning veteran also had to face the stupid cynicism of the victorious allies in Versailles who acted as cynically as Napoleon did and to face Prohibition which the lawmakers hypocritically assumed would do good to the people 10 10 SomethingSomething inin thethe tension tension riddenridden youthyouth ofof AmericaAmerica hadhad toto give give Under all this force and pressure something in the youth of America who were already very tense had to break down 1111 it it waswas onlyonly naturalnatural thatthat hopefulhopeful youngyoung writerswriters theirtheir mindsminds andand penspens inflamedinflamed againstagainst war war Babbittry Babbittry andand Puritanical Puritanical gentility gentility shouldshould flockflock toto thethe traditionaltraditional artisticartistic center center It was only natural that hopeful young writers whose minds and writings were full of violent anger against war Babbittry and Puritanical gentility should come in largen numbers to live in Greenwich Village the traditional artistic center 12 12 EachEach towntown hadhad itsits fast set fast set whichwhich pridedprided itselfitself onon itselfitself onon itsits unconventionality unconventionality Each town was proud that it had a group of wild reckless people who lived unconventional lives U Un ni it t7 7 1 1 WithWith a a clamorclamor ofof bellsbells thatthat sese t t thethe swallowsswallows soaring soaring thethe FestiFesti valval ofof SummerSummer camecame toto thethe citycity OmOm elas elas The loud ringing of the bells wh ich sent the frightened swallows flying high marked the beginning of the Festival of Summer in Ome las 2 2 Their Their highhigh callscalls risingrising likelike thethe swallows swallows crossingcrossing flightsflights overover thethe musicmusic andand singsing singsing The shouting of the children coul d be heard clearly above the musi c and singing like the calls of t he swallows flying by overhead 3 3 Exercised Exercised theirtheir restiverestive horshors eses beforebefore thethe race race The riders were putting the horse s through some exercises because the horses were eager to start and stubbornly resisting the cont rol of the riders 4 4 GivenGiven a a descriptiondescription suchsuch asas thth isis oneone tendstends toto makemake certaincertain assuassu mptions mptions After reading the above descripti on the reader is likely to assume certain things 5 5 ThisThis isis thethe treasontreason ofof artist artist a a refusalrefusal toto admitadmit thethe banalitybanality ofof evilevil andand thethe terribleterrible boredomboredom ofof pain pain An artist betrays his trust when he does not admit that evil is no thing fresh nor novel and pain is very dull and uninteresting 6 6 TheyThey werewere nature nature intelligent intelligent passionatepassionate adultsadults whosewhose liveslives wewe rere notnot wretched wretched They were fully developed and int elligent grown 精品文档 3欢迎下载 up people full of intense feeling s and they were not miserable peo ple 7 7 PerhapsPerhaps itit wouldwould bebe bestbest ifif yoyo u u imaginedimagined itit asas youryour ownown fancyfancy b b ids ids assumingassuming itit willwill riserise toto thethe occasion occasion Perhaps it would be best if the r eader pictures Omelas to himself as his imagination tells him ass uming his imagination will be equ al to the task 8 8 TheThe faintfaint insistentinsistent sweetnesssweetness ofof droozdrooz maymay perfumeperfume thethe wayway ofof t t hehe city city The faint but compelling sweet sc ent of the drug drooz may fill th e streets of the city 9 9 PerhapsPerhaps itit waswas bornborn defective defective oror perhapsperhaps itit hashas becomebecome imbecilimbecil e e throughthrough fear fear malnutritionmalnutrition andand neglect neglect Perhaps the child was mentally re tarded because it was born so or perhaps it has become very foolis h and stupid because of fear poo r nourishment and neglect 10 10 ItsIts habitshabits areare tootoo uncouthuncouth fofo r r itit toto respondrespond toto humanehumane treatmetreatme nt nt The habits of the child are so cr ude and uncultured that it will s how no sign of improvement even i f it is treated kindly and tender ly 11 11 TheirTheir tearstears atat thethe bitterbitter injinj usticeustice drydry whenwhen theythey beginbegin toto perper ceiveceive thethe terribleterrible justicejustice ofof rearea lity lity andand toto acceptaccept it it They shed tears when they see how terribly unjust they have been t o the child but these tearsdry u p when they realize how just and fair though terrible reality was Unit8Unit8 1 below1 below thethe noisynoisy argumentsarguments thethe abuseabuse andand thethe quarrelsquarrels therethere isis a a reservoirreservoir ofof instinctiveinstinctive fellow feeling fellow feeling The English people may hotly argue and abuse and quarrel with each other but there still exists a lot of natural sympathetic feelings for each other in their hearts 2 at2 at heartheart theythey wouldwould likelike toto taketake a a whipwhip toto thethe wholewhole idleidle troublesometroublesome mobmob ofof them them What the wealthy employers would really like to do is to whip all the workers whom they regard as lazy and troublesome 3 there3 there areare notnot manymany ofof thesethese menmen eithereither onon thethe boardboard oror thethe shopshop floor floor There are not many snarling shop stewards in the workshop nor are there many cruel wealthy employers on the board of directors 4 It4 It demandsdemands bignessbigness and and theythey areare suspicioussuspicious ofof bigness bigness The contemporary world demands that everything should be done on a big scale and the English do not trust bigness 5 Against5 Against thisthis atat leastleast superficiallysuperficially Englishness Englishness seemsseems a a poorpoor shadowyshadowy show show At least on the surface when Englishness is put against the power and success of Admass Englishness seems to put up a rather poor performance 6 while6 while EnglishnessEnglishness isis notnot hostilehostile toto change itchange it isis deeplydeeply suspicioussuspicious ofof changechange forfor change schange s sake sake Englishness is not against change but it believes that changing just for change s sake and not other useful purposes is very wrong and harmful 7 To7 To putput carscars andand motorwaysmotorways beforebefore houseshouses seemsseems toto EnglishnessEnglishness a a communalcommunal imbecility imbecility To regard cars and motorways as more impo